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Platypterygius
''Platypterygius'' is a historically paraphyletic genus of platypterygiine ichthyosaur from the Cretaceous period. It was historically used as a wastebasket taxon, and most species within ''Platypterygius'' likely are undiagnostic at the genus or species level, or represent distinct genera, even being argued as invalid. While fossils referred to ''Platypterygius'' have been found throughout different continents, the holotype specimen was found in Germany. Description As ''Platypterygius'' contains multiple species not especially close to each other, little can be said in terms of shared characteristics. According to an analysis by Fischer (2012), all anatomical features used to unify ''Platypterygius'' species are either not actually present in each species, or much more widespread among unrelated ophthalmosaurs. Generally, species referred to this genus were large bodied macropredators based on their robust dentition. This is also supported by ''P. australis'' having been f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platypterigius Longmani DB
''Platypterygius'' is a historically paraphyletic genus of platypterygiine ichthyosaur from the Cretaceous period. It was historically used as a wastebasket taxon, and most species within ''Platypterygius'' likely are undiagnostic at the genus or species level, or represent distinct genera, even being argued as invalid. While fossils referred to ''Platypterygius'' have been found throughout different continents, the holotype specimen was found in Germany. Description As ''Platypterygius'' contains multiple species not especially close to each other, little can be said in terms of shared characteristics. According to an analysis by Fischer (2012), all anatomical features used to unify ''Platypterygius'' species are either not actually present in each species, or much more widespread among unrelated ophthalmosaurs. Generally, species referred to this genus were large bodied macropredators based on their robust dentition. This is also supported by ''P. australis'' having been f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kyhytysuka Sachicarum
''Kyhytysuka'' () is an extinct genus of ophthalmosaurian ichthyosaur from Early Cretaceous Colombia. The animal was previously assigned to the genus ''Platypterygius'', but given its own genus in 2021. ''Kyhytysuka'' was a mid-sized ophthalmosaurian with heterodont dentition and several adaptations suggesting that it was a macropredatory vertebrate hunter living in shallow waters. It contains a single species, ''Kyhytysuka sachicarum''. Discovery and naming The first definitive ichthyosaur remains in Colombia were discovered in the 1970s in the Paja Formation of Villa de Leyva. This fossil, a three dimensionally preserved skull discovered by local Jorge Cárdenas, was described as a new species of ''Platypterygius'', ''P. sachicarum'', by María Páramo-Fonseca in 1997. However the taxon went largely ignored in the following years or was unofficially considered to be synonymous with the Argentinian ''Platypterygius hauthali''. Further research on ichthyosaurs since its disco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kyhytysuka
''Kyhytysuka'' () is an extinct genus of ophthalmosaurian ichthyosaur from Early Cretaceous Colombia. The animal was previously assigned to the genus ''Platypterygius'', but given its own genus in 2021. ''Kyhytysuka'' was a mid-sized ophthalmosaurian with heterodont dentition and several adaptations suggesting that it was a macropredatory vertebrate hunter living in shallow waters. It contains a single species, ''Kyhytysuka sachicarum''. Discovery and naming The first definitive ichthyosaur remains in Colombia were discovered in the 1970s in the Paja Formation of Villa de Leyva. This fossil, a three dimensionally preserved skull discovered by local Jorge Cárdenas, was described as a new species of ''Platypterygius'', ''P. sachicarum'', by María Páramo-Fonseca in 1997. However the taxon went largely ignored in the following years or was unofficially considered to be synonymous with the Argentinian ''Platypterygius hauthali''. Further research on ichthyosaurs since its discover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pervushovisaurus
''Pervushovisaurus'' is a genus of platypterygiine ichthyosaur from the Late Cretaceous ( Cenomanian) of the Saratov region in western Russia, the La Penthiève Beds of France and the Cambridge area of the UK. History It was originally described as a subgenus of ''Platypterygius'', but later work showed that it was sufficiently distinct from the type species of ''Platypterygius'', ''P. platydactylus'', to be elevated to full generic rank. The type species of ''Pervushovisaurus'', ''P. bannovkensis'', is known only from the holotype, SSU 104a/24, a partial skull. In 2016, an additional species of ''Platypterygius'' from England and France, ''P. campylodon'', was also referred to ''Pervushovisaurus'' after previously being allied with ''Ichthyosaurus'' in 1846. A previous Russian species of ''Platypterygius'', ''"P." kiprianoffi'', was also assigned to ''P. campylodon''. A specimen of ''P. campylodon'' was found in the La Penthiève Beds of France France (), offic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maiaspondylus
''Maiaspondylus'' is an extinct genus of platypterygiine ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaurs known from Northwest Territories of Canada, the Cambridge Greensand of England and the Voronezh Region of Russia. Description ''Maiaspondylus'' is known from the holotype UALVP 45635, a disarticulated but nearly complete skeleton preserved in three dimensions and from the referred materials UALVP 45639, two articulated, partially preserved embryos and eight articulated vertebrae of an adult, UALVP 45640, 14 articulated vertebrae of a juvenile, UALVP 45640, 12 articulated vertebrae, UALVP 45642, a partial snout and left dentaries with teeth and UALVP 45643, a fragmentary snout. All specimens were collected at Hay River from the Loon River Formation, dating to the early Albian stage of the Early Cretaceous, about 110 million years ago. All ''Maiaspondylus'' specimens were originally referred to ''Platypterygius''. However, all recent cladistic analyses foun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ichthyosaur
Ichthyosaurs (Ancient Greek for "fish lizard" – and ) are large extinct marine reptiles. Ichthyosaurs belong to the order known as Ichthyosauria or Ichthyopterygia ('fish flippers' – a designation introduced by Sir Richard Owen in 1842, although the term is now used more for the parent clade of the Ichthyosauria). Ichthyosaurs thrived during much of the Mesozoic era; based on fossil evidence, they first appeared around 250 million years ago ( Ma) and at least one species survived until about 90 million years ago, into the Late Cretaceous. During the Early Triassic epoch, ichthyosaurs and other ichthyosauromorphs evolved from a group of unidentified land reptiles that returned to the sea, in a development similar to how the mammalian land-dwelling ancestors of modern-day dolphins and whales returned to the sea millions of years later, which they gradually came to resemble in a case of convergent evolution. Ichthyosaurs were particularly abundant in the Late Trias ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simbirskiasaurus
''Simbirskiasaurus'' is an extinct genus of ichthyosaur from the Early Cretaceous (early Barremian) of Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ....Valentin Fischer, Maxim S. Arkhangelsky, Darren Naish, Ilya M. Stenshin, Gleb N. Uspensky and Pascal Godefroit (2014) Simbirskiasaurus and Pervushovisaurus reassessed: implications for the taxonomy and cranial osteology of Cretaceous platypterygiine ichthyosaurs. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171(4): 822–841. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/zoj.12158/abstract Its type specimen is YKM 65119, a fragmentary skull and vertebral column.Storrs, G. W., M. S. Arkhangel'skii and V. M. Efimov. 2000. Mesozoic marine reptiles of Russia and other former Soviet republics. pages 187-210 In Bento ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plutoniosaurus
''Plutoniosaurus'' is an extinct genus of ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur from the Early Cretaceous (late Hauterivian) of the vicinity of Ulyanovsk, European Russia. Taxonomy The holotype is UPM 2/740, a partial skeleton. ''Plutoniosaurus'' is possibly the same species as the nearly coeval ''Simbirskiasaurus''. Zverkov and Efimov (2019) recover ''Plutoniosaurus'' in the polytomy with the ''Platypterygius'' type species and ''Leninia ''Leninia'' is an extinct genus of basal ophthalmosaurine ichthyosaur known from the late Early Cretaceous (lower Aptian stage) of western Russia. ''Leninia'' was first named by Valentin Fischer, Maxim S. Arkhangelsky, Gleb N. Uspensky, Ilya M. ...''.Nikolay G. Zverkov; Vladimir M. Efimov (2019). Revision of Undorosaurus, a mysterious Late Jurassic ichthyosaur of the Boreal Realm. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. in press. doi:10.1080/14772019.2018.1515793. Phylogeny The following cladogram shows a possible phylogenetic position of ''Pluton ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platypterygiine
Platypterygiinae is an extinct subfamily of ophthalmosaurid thunnosaur ichthyosaurs from the early Late Jurassic to the early Late Cretaceous (Kimmeridgian - Cenomanian) of Asia, Australia, Europe, North America and South America. Currently, the oldest known platypterygiine is ''Brachypterygius''. Platypterygiines were characterized by square tooth roots in cross-section, an extremely reduced extracondylar area of the basioccipital, prominent dorsal and ventral trochanters on humerus and ischiopubis lacking an obturator foramen. Phylogeny Platypterygiinae was named in 2001 by Maxim S. Arkhangelsky and dually noted by colleague Aleski Masluk. It is a stem-based taxon defined phylogenetically for the first time by Fischer ''et al.'' (2012) as "all taxa closer to '' Platypterygius hercynicus'' than to ''Ophthalmosaurus icenicus''". The cladogram A cladogram (from Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
María Páramo
María Euridice Páramo Fonseca (born 1953 in Bogotá, Colombia) is a Colombian paleontologist and geologist.Los reptiles de María Páramo - She has contributed on the paleontology in Colombia in the fields of describing various Cretaceous reptiles, most notably the s ''' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name that has that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have such types. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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