Placynthium Posterulum
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Placynthium Posterulum
''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' *'' Placynthium caesium'' *'' Placynthium filiforme'' *'' Placynthium flabellosum'' *'' Placynthium garovaglii'' *'' Placynthium glaciale'' *''Placynthium hungaricum'' *'' Placynthium lismorense'' *'' Placynthium majus'' *'' Placynthium nigrum'' *'' Placynthium pannariellum'' *'' Placynthium petersii'' *'' Placynthium pluriseptatum'' *'' Placynthium posterulum'' *''Placynthium pulvinatum'' *'' Placynthium subradiatum'' *''Placynthium tantaleum ''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' * ...'' *'' Placynthium tremniacum'' ...
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Samuel Frederick Gray
Samuel Frederick Gray (10 December 1766 – 12 April 1828) was a British botanist, mycologist, and pharmacologist. He was the father of the zoologists John Edward Gray and George Robert Gray. Background He was the son of Samuel Gray, a London seedsman. He received no inheritance and, after failing to qualify for medicine, turned to medical and botanical writing. He married Elizabeth Forfeit in 1794 and moved to Walsall, Staffordshire, where he established an assay office before he moved back to London in 1800. He set up an apothecary business in Wapping, which failed within a few years. Then, he seems to have maintained himself by writing and lecturing. Medical writings Gray wrote a ''Supplement to the Pharmacopoeia'', published in 1818 with several subsequent editions. In 1819, he became co-editor of the ''London Medical Repository'', to which he contributed many articles on medical, botanical, and other topics. He published, in 1823, ''The Elements of Pharmacy'' and, in 1828, ...
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Placynthium Lismorense
''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' *'' Placynthium caesium'' *'' Placynthium filiforme'' *'' Placynthium flabellosum'' *'' Placynthium garovaglii'' *'' Placynthium glaciale'' *''Placynthium hungaricum'' *'' Placynthium lismorense'' *''Placynthium majus'' *'' Placynthium nigrum'' *''Placynthium pannariellum'' *''Placynthium petersii'' *''Placynthium pluriseptatum'' *''Placynthium posterulum'' *''Placynthium pulvinatum'' *'' Placynthium subradiatum'' *''Placynthium tantaleum ''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' * ...'' *'' Placynthium tremniacum'' Refe ...
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Taxa Named By Erik Acharius
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion. If a taxon is given a formal scientific name, its use is then governed by one of the nomenclature codes specifying which scientific name is correct for a particular grouping. Initial attempts at classifying and ordering organisms (plants and animals) were set forth in Carl Linnaeus's system in '' Systema Naturae'', 10th edition (1758), as well as an unpublished work by Bernard and Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. The idea of a unit-based system of biological classification was first made widely available in 1805 in the i ...
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Lichen Genera
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms
. University of California Museum of Paleontology.
Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures (

Peltigerales
Peltigerales is an order of lichen-forming fungi belonging to the class Lecanoromycetes in the division Ascomycota. The taxonomy of the group has seen numerous changes; it was formerly often treated as a suborder of the order Lecanorales. It contains two suborders, eight families and about 45 genera such as ''Lobaria'' and ''Peltigera''. The fungi form lichens in a symbiotic relationship with one or two photosynthetic partners which may be a cyanobacterium such as ''Nostoc'' or a green alga such as '' Coccomyxa''. The majority of species contain just a cyanobacterium, a smaller number have both a cyanobacterium and a green alga while only a few species have just a green alga. The thallus of the lichen may be foliose (leafy), subfruticose (somewhat shrubby) or granular-squamulose (scaly). The thallus attaches to a surface by means of small root-like rhizines. In some species, the thallus may vary in appearance depending on whether it contains a cyanobacterium or a green alga. Some ...
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Placynthium Tremniacum
''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' *'' Placynthium caesium'' *'' Placynthium filiforme'' *''Placynthium flabellosum'' *''Placynthium garovaglii'' *'' Placynthium glaciale'' *''Placynthium hungaricum'' *''Placynthium lismorense'' *''Placynthium majus'' *''Placynthium nigrum'' *''Placynthium pannariellum'' *''Placynthium petersii'' *''Placynthium pluriseptatum'' *''Placynthium posterulum'' *''Placynthium pulvinatum'' *'' Placynthium subradiatum'' *''Placynthium tantaleum ''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' * ...'' *'' Placynthium tremniacum'' Referenc ...
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Placynthium Tantaleum
''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' *'' Placynthium caesium'' *'' Placynthium filiforme'' *'' Placynthium flabellosum'' *'' Placynthium garovaglii'' *'' Placynthium glaciale'' *''Placynthium hungaricum ''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae The Placynthiaceae are a lichenized family of fungi in the order Peltigerales. Species of this family are found largely in northern temperate regions. Genera Numbe ...'' *'' Placynthium lismorense'' *'' Placynthium majus'' *'' Placynthium nigrum'' *'' Placynthium pannariellum'' *'' Placynthium petersii'' *'' Placynthium pluriseptatum'' *'' Placynthium posterulum'' *'' Placynthium pulvinatum'' *'' Placynthium subradiatum'' *'' Placynthium tantaleum '' *'' Placynthium tremniacum'' ...
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Placynthium Subradiatum
''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' *'' Placynthium caesium'' *'' Placynthium filiforme'' *''Placynthium flabellosum'' *''Placynthium garovaglii'' *'' Placynthium glaciale'' *''Placynthium hungaricum'' *''Placynthium lismorense'' *''Placynthium majus'' *''Placynthium nigrum'' *''Placynthium pannariellum'' *''Placynthium petersii'' *''Placynthium pluriseptatum'' *''Placynthium posterulum'' *''Placynthium pulvinatum'' *'' Placynthium subradiatum'' *''Placynthium tantaleum '' *''Placynthium tremniacum ''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' * ...'' Reference ...
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Placynthium Pulvinatum
''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' *'' Placynthium caesium'' *'' Placynthium filiforme'' *'' Placynthium flabellosum'' *'' Placynthium garovaglii'' *'' Placynthium glaciale'' *''Placynthium hungaricum'' *'' Placynthium lismorense'' *'' Placynthium majus'' *'' Placynthium nigrum'' *'' Placynthium pannariellum'' *'' Placynthium petersii'' *'' Placynthium pluriseptatum'' *'' Placynthium posterulum'' *'' Placynthium pulvinatum'' *'' Placynthium subradiatum'' *''Placynthium tantaleum ''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' * ...'' *'' Placynthium tremniacum'' ...
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Placynthium Posterulum
''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' *'' Placynthium caesium'' *'' Placynthium filiforme'' *'' Placynthium flabellosum'' *'' Placynthium garovaglii'' *'' Placynthium glaciale'' *''Placynthium hungaricum'' *'' Placynthium lismorense'' *'' Placynthium majus'' *'' Placynthium nigrum'' *'' Placynthium pannariellum'' *'' Placynthium petersii'' *'' Placynthium pluriseptatum'' *'' Placynthium posterulum'' *''Placynthium pulvinatum'' *'' Placynthium subradiatum'' *''Placynthium tantaleum ''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' * ...'' *'' Placynthium tremniacum'' ...
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Placynthium Pluriseptatum
''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' *'' Placynthium caesium'' *'' Placynthium filiforme'' *'' Placynthium flabellosum'' *'' Placynthium garovaglii'' *'' Placynthium glaciale'' *''Placynthium hungaricum'' *'' Placynthium lismorense'' *'' Placynthium majus'' *'' Placynthium nigrum'' *'' Placynthium pannariellum'' *'' Placynthium petersii'' *'' Placynthium pluriseptatum'' *''Placynthium posterulum'' *''Placynthium pulvinatum'' *'' Placynthium subradiatum'' *''Placynthium tantaleum ''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' * ...'' *'' Placynthium tremniacum'' ...
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Placynthium Petersii
''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' *'' Placynthium caesium'' *'' Placynthium filiforme'' *'' Placynthium flabellosum'' *'' Placynthium garovaglii'' *'' Placynthium glaciale'' *''Placynthium hungaricum'' *'' Placynthium lismorense'' *'' Placynthium majus'' *'' Placynthium nigrum'' *'' Placynthium pannariellum'' *'' Placynthium petersii'' *''Placynthium pluriseptatum'' *''Placynthium posterulum'' *''Placynthium pulvinatum'' *'' Placynthium subradiatum'' *''Placynthium tantaleum ''Placynthium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Placynthiaceae. Members of this genus are commonly called blackthread lichens. Species *'' Placynthium anemoideum'' *'' Placynthium asperellum'' *'' Placynthium australiense'' * ...'' *'' Placynthium tremniacum'' R ...
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