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Pieter De Graeff (1638 1707)
Pieter de Graeff (Amsterdam, 15 August 1638 – 3 June 1707 ibid), was a Dutch aristocrat of the Dutch Golden Age and one of the most influential pro-state, republican Amsterdam Regents during the late 1660s and the early 1670s before the Rampjaar 1672. As president- bewindhebber of the Dutch East India Company, he was one of the most important representatives and leaders of the same after the Rampjaar. His political stance was characteristic of his family, on the one hand libertine and ' state oriented', republican on the other hand, if only partially, loyal to the House of Orange, the royalists. He held the titles as Lord of the semi-sovereign Fief Zuid-Polsbroek and 19.th Lord of the Free and high Fief Ilpendam and Purmerland. De Graeff was in intimate contact with the statesmen Johan de Witt and Willem III of Orange, the painter Jan Lievens and the poet Joost van den Vondel. Biography Family De Graeff Pieter de Graeff was born as son of the Amsterdam regent and statesman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch East Indies Company
The United East India Company ( nl, Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the VOC) was a chartered company established on the 20th March 1602 by the States General of the Netherlands amalgamating existing companies into the first joint-stock company in the world, granting it a 21-year monopoly to carry out trade activities in Asia. Shares in the company could be bought by any resident of the United Provinces and then subsequently bought and sold in open-air secondary markets (one of which became the Amsterdam Stock Exchange). It is sometimes considered to have been the first multinational corporation. It was a powerful company, possessing quasi-governmental powers, including the ability to wage war, imprison and execute convicts, negotiate treaties, strike its own coins, and establish colonies. They are also known for their international slave trade. Statistically, the VOC eclipsed all of its rivals in the Asia trade. Between 1602 and 1796 the VOC sent almost a million Euro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch Golden Age
The Dutch Golden Age ( nl, Gouden Eeuw ) was a period in the history of the Netherlands, roughly spanning the era from 1588 (the birth of the Dutch Republic) to 1672 (the Rampjaar, "Disaster Year"), in which Dutch trade, science, and Dutch art, art and the Dutch military were among the most acclaimed in Europe. The first section is characterized by the Eighty Years' War, which ended in 1648. The Golden Age continued in peacetime during the Dutch Republic until the end of the century, when costly conflicts, including the Franco-Dutch War and War of the Spanish Succession fuelled economic decline. The transition by the Netherlands to becoming the foremost maritime and economic power in the world has been called the "Dutch Miracle" by historian K. W. Swart. Causes of the Golden Age In 1568, the Dutch Republic, Seven Provinces that later signed the Union of Utrecht ( nl, Unie van Utrecht) started a rebellion against Philip II of Spain, Philip II of Spain that led to the Ei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacob De Graeff
Jacob de Graeff (28 June 1642 in Amsterdam – 21 April 1690) was a member of the De Graeff-family from the Dutch Golden Age. He was an Amsterdam Regent and held the titles as 20.th Lord of the Free and high Fief Ilpendam and Purmerland. Jacob de Graeff was a member of a family of regents who belonged to the republican political movement also referred to as the ‘state oriented’, as opposed to the Royalists. Biography Jacob was the son of Cornelis de Graeff and Catharina Hooft, and the younger brother of Pieter de Graeff. In 1648 Jacob laid the foundation stone for the new city hall on the Dam. Joost van den Vondel wrote a poem to Jacobs Foundation stone. During the summers the family spent a lot of their time at the Palace Soestdijk, and he and his brother played with the young William III of Orange – who later became King of England, Scotland and Ireland and stadtholder of the United Provinces of the Netherlands – at the lake and woods at Soestdijk. After he finished ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Descendants Of Knight Andries Boelens (1455-1519)
Descendant(s) or descendent(s) may refer to: * Lineal descendant, a consanguinous (i.e. biological) relative directly related to a person ** Collateral descendant, a relative descended from a brother or sister of an ancestor Books * "The Descendant" (short story), a short story by early 20th-century science-fiction writer H. P. Lovecraft * ''The Descendants'' (novel), a 2007 novel by Kaui Hart Hemmings Film and television * ''Descendant'' (2003 film), a thriller film starring Katherine Heigl and Jeremy London * ''Descendants'' (2008 film), an animated short film, Winner Tokyo Anime Award 2009 * ''Descendents'' (2008 film), a Chilean experimental horror film * ''The Descendants'', a 2011 American drama film directed by Alexander Payne with George Clooney * ''The Descendants'' (2015 film), an Iranian film directed by Yaser Talebi * ''Descendants'' (franchise), a Disney Channel television film franchise ** ''Descendants'' (2015 film), the television film that started the above ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joost Van Den Vondel
Joost van den Vondel (; 17 November 1587 – 5 February 1679) was a Dutch poet, writer and playwright. He is considered the most prominent Dutch poet and playwright of the 17th century. His plays are the ones from that period that are still most frequently performed, and his epic ''Joannes de Boetgezant'' (1662), on the life of John the Baptist, has been called the greatest Dutch epic. Vondel's theatrical works were regularly performed until the 1960s. The most visible was the annual performance, on New Year's Day from 1637 to 1968, of '' Gijsbrecht van Aemstel''. Vondel remained productive until a very old age. Several of his most notable plays like ' and ' were written after 1650, when he was already 65, and his final play ', written at the age of eighty, is considered one of his finest. Early life Vondel was born on 17 November 1587 on the Große Witschgasse in Cologne, Holy Roman Empire. His parents, Joost van den Vondel the Elder and Sara (née Kranen), were Mennonites of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Lievens
Jan Lievens (24 October 1607 – 4 June 1674) was a Dutch Golden Age painter who was associated with his close contemporary Rembrandt, a year older, in the early parts of their careers. They shared a birthplace in Leiden, training with Pieter Lastman in Amsterdam, where they shared a studio for about five years until 1631. Like Rembrandt he painted both portraits and history paintings, but unlike him Lievens' career took him away from Amsterdam to London, Antwerp, The Hague and Berlin. Biography According to Arnold Houbraken, Jan was the son of Lieven Hendriksze, an embroiderer (''borduurwerker''), and was trained by Joris Verschoten. He was sent to Pieter Lastman in Amsterdam at ''about the age of 10'' for two full years. After that he began his career as an independent artist, at ''about the age of 12'' in Leiden. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William III Of England
William III (William Henry; ; 4 November 16508 March 1702), also widely known as William of Orange, was the sovereign Prince of Orange from birth, Stadtholder of County of Holland, Holland, County of Zeeland, Zeeland, Lordship of Utrecht, Utrecht, Guelders, and Lordship of Overijssel, Overijssel in the Dutch Republic from the 1670s, and King of England, Monarchy of Ireland, Ireland, and List of Scottish monarchs, Scotland from 1689 until his death in 1702. As King of Scotland, he is known as William II. He is sometimes informally known as "King Billy" in Ireland and Scotland. His victory at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 is The Twelfth, commemorated by Unionism in the United Kingdom, Unionists, who display Orange Order, orange colours in his honour. He ruled Britain alongside his wife and cousin, Queen Mary II, and popular histories usually refer to their reign as that of "William and Mary". William was the only child of William II, Prince of Orange, and Mary, Princess Royal an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lordship Of Purmerend, Purmerland And Ilpendam
{{Infobox country , native_name = ''Hoge heerlijkheid Purmerend en Purmerland / Hoge heerlijkheid Purmerland en Ilpendam'' , conventional_long_name = High Lordship of Purmerend and Purmerland / High Lordship of Purmerland and Ilpendam , common_name = Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam , era = Middle Ages , status = Vassal , empire = Dutch Republic , government_type = Lordship , year_start = 1410 / 1618 , event_start = Fiefdom of Holland , date_start = , year_end = 1923 , event_end = , date_end = , event_pre = Lordship founded , date_pre = 1410 , event1 = , date_event1 = , event2 = , date_event2 = , event_post = , date_post = , p1 = , s1 = , flag_s1 = , image_coa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free And High Fief Of Zuid-Polsbroek
The Free or High Lordship of Zuid-Polsbroek (Dutch: "vrije of hoge heerlijkheid") was a '' semi-sovereign'' or 'free or high' fief (allodium), now part of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht. History Zuid-Polsbroek, or Polsbroek, was an ''allodium''Drs. J. L. van der Gouw: De definitieve vorm van het graafschap/holland/ (1300-1795dutch/ref> and a ''free or high heerlijkheid'',"Heren van Holland"Zuid-Polsbroek a type of local jurisdiction with many rights. Since 1155 the lords of Polsbroek are able to speak the high (''blood court'') middle and low justice over their territory. Zuid-Polsbroek was a half-independent (''semi-sovereign'') entity of the provinces Holland or Utrecht, like the larger Barony of IJsselstein to the east. During the late middle ages it became unsure if Zuid-Polsbroek originally belonged to the States of Holland or to the province (unie) of Utrecht. Polsbroek paid their duties to the States of Holland. When the French introduced the municipal syste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Orange-Nassau
The House of Orange-Nassau (Dutch: ''Huis van Oranje-Nassau'', ) is the current reigning house of the Netherlands. A branch of the European House of Nassau, the house has played a central role in the politics and government of the Netherlands and Europe especially since William the Silent organised the Dutch Revolt against Spanish rule, which after the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648) led to an independent Dutch state. Several members of the house served during this war and after as stadtholder ("governor"; Dutch: ''stadhouder'') during the Dutch Republic. However, in 1815, after a long period as a republic, the Netherlands became a monarchy under the House of Orange-Nassau. The dynasty was established as a result of the marriage of Henry III of Nassau-Breda from Germany and Claudia of Châlon-Orange from French Burgundy in 1515. Their son René of Chalon inherited in 1530 the independent and sovereign Principality of Orange from his mother's brother, Philibert of Châlon. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Libertine
A libertine is a person devoid of most moral principles, a sense of responsibility, or sexual restraints, which they see as unnecessary or undesirable, and is especially someone who ignores or even spurns accepted morals and forms of behaviour observed by the larger society. Libertinism is described as an extreme form of hedonism. Libertines put value on physical pleasures, meaning those experienced through the senses. As a philosophy, libertinism gained new-found adherents in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, particularly in France and Great Britain. Notable among these were John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, and the Marquis de Sade. History of the term The word ''libertine'' was originally coined by John Calvin to negatively describe opponents of his policies in Geneva, Switzerland. This group, led by Ami Perrin, argued against Calvin's "insistence that church discipline should be enforced uniformly against all members of Genevan society". Perrin and his allies were electe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch East India Company
The United East India Company ( nl, Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the VOC) was a chartered company established on the 20th March 1602 by the States General of the Netherlands amalgamating existing companies into the first joint-stock company in the world, granting it a 21-year monopoly to carry out trade activities in Asia. Shares in the company could be bought by any resident of the United Provinces and then subsequently bought and sold in open-air secondary markets (one of which became the Amsterdam Stock Exchange). It is sometimes considered to have been the first multinational corporation. It was a powerful company, possessing quasi-governmental powers, including the ability to wage war, imprison and execute convicts, negotiate treaties, strike its own coins, and establish colonies. They are also known for their international slave trade. Statistically, the VOC eclipsed all of its rivals in the Asia trade. Between 1602 and 1796 the VOC sent almost a million Eur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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