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Pierre Martin (French Navy Officer)
Admiral Pierre Martin (29 January 1752, in Louisbourg – 1 November 1820, in Rochefort) was a French Navy officer and admiral. Biography Youth Pierre Martin was born to a Canadian family of Louisbourg. In 1759, his family fled to Rochefort as his hometown was taken by the British during the Seven Years' War. Martin served as an apprentice on the fluit ''Saint Esprit''. He received instructions in hydrography and became an aspiring pilot in 1769. He sailed to the Indian Ocean. In 1775, serving aboard the frigate ''Terpsichore'', he lost an eye in an accident. On 2 February 1776, he married Magdelaine Schimellé. A daughter, Marguerite, was born within the year. American War of Independence Martin served on the ''Magnifique'' as a pilot, and took part in the Battle of Ushant, the Battle of Grenada, the Battle of Martinique, where he was wounded, and the Siege of Savannah. In 1781, he served aboard the ''Cérès'', in Vaudreuil's squadron. In 1782, he became an '' offi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antoine Maurin
Antoine Maurin (19 December 1771 – 4 October 1830) commanded a French cavalry division in 1814 during the Napoleonic Wars and in 1815 led his troops against the Prussians at Ligny where he was wounded. His army service began in 1792 during the French Revolution when he enlisted in a cavalry regiment as a trooper. He spent his entire military career as a cavalryman. During the French Revolutionary Wars he advanced through the ranks and became commander of a light cavalry regiment in 1802. While only a colonel, he commanded a brigade at Caldiero in October 1805. He fought in the Friedland campaign in 1807 and attained the rank of general officer that year. As a cavalry brigadier, he participated in the 1807 Invasion of Portugal but was captured in 1808 and held until 1812. He led a brigade in 1813 and a division 1814 during the War of the Sixth Coalition. After fighting for Napoleon during the Hundred Days, he retired in 1823. His surname is one of the names inscribed under the A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seven Years' War
The Seven Years' War (1756–1763) was a global conflict that involved most of the European Great Powers, and was fought primarily in Europe, the Americas, and Asia-Pacific. Other concurrent conflicts include the French and Indian War (1754–1763), the Carnatic Wars and the Anglo-Spanish War (1762–1763). The opposing alliances were led by Great Britain and France respectively, both seeking to establish global pre-eminence at the expense of the other. Along with Spain, France fought Britain both in Europe and overseas with land-based armies and naval forces, while Britain's ally Prussia sought territorial expansion in Europe and consolidation of its power. Long-standing colonial rivalries pitting Britain against France and Spain in North America and the West Indies were fought on a grand scale with consequential results. Prussia sought greater influence in the German states, while Austria wanted to regain Silesia, captured by Prussia in the previous war, and to contain Pruss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martin's Cruise Of 1794
Martin's cruise of 1794 was the only significant French naval operation of the year in the Mediterranean Sea. In 1793 France had gone to war with Great Britain and a wide coalition of European enemies in the French Revolutionary Wars. Early in the conflict the British had seized the French Mediterranean Fleet and their home port of Toulon, the town enduring a four month siege by French Republican forces in which the fleet was badly damaged. With the town and fleet back in French hands, the French set about effecting repairs as the British attacked the island of Corsica. In June 1794 the French commander Contre-amiral Pierre Martin led a squadron of ships out to contest British operations off Corsica. There was initial success when the frigate ''Boudeuse'' attacked and captured the Sardinian frigate ''Alceste'' off Fréjus on 8 June, but three days later Martin was forced to retreat from the main strength of the British fleet under Lord Hood. The French anchored in Gourjea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Ship Orient (1791)
''Orient'' was an 118-gun ship of the line of the French Navy, famous for her role as flagship of the French fleet at the Battle of the Nile in August 1798, and for her spectacular destruction that day when her magazine exploded. The event was commemorated by numerous poems and paintings. Career The ship was laid down in Toulon, and launched on 20 July 1791 under the name ''Dauphin Royal''. In September 1792, after the advent of the French First Republic, and not yet commissioned, she was renamed ''Sans-Culotte'', in honour of the Sans-culottes. On 14 March 1795, she took part in the Battle of Genoa as flagship of Rear Admiral Martin. She covered the rear of the French line, exchanging fire with and , but lost contact with her fleet during the night and was thus prevented from taking further part in the action. In May 1795, ''Sans-Culotte'' was again renamed as a consequence of the Thermidorian Reaction. She was renamed ''Orient'' by Napoleon Bonaparte on the morning of hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Le Croisic
Le Croisic (; br, Ar Groazig; french: label=Gallo, Le Croèzic) is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department, western France. It is part of the urban area of Saint-Nazaire. History The United States Navy established a naval air station on 27 November 1917 to operate seaplanes during World War I. The base closed shortly after the First Armistice at Compiègne. The writer and historian Auguste Lorieux (1796–1842) was born in Le Croisic. During World War II, Le Croisic was home to a radar station for the Wehrmacht following the surrender of France and construction of the U-boat submarine pens at Saint-Nazaire, in order to protect the Loire estuary from enemy attack due to the Normandie dry dock at Saint-Nazaire that could be used to repair the large Kriegsmarine battleships such as the and its sister ship, . However, in the March 1942 St Nazaire Raid, a British Commando team on the obsolete and several motor launch boats were able to slip by the Le Croisic radar station and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War In The Vendée
The war in the Vendée (french: link=no, Guerre de Vendée) was a counter-revolution from 1793 to 1796 in the Vendée region of France during the French Revolution. The Vendée is a coastal region, located immediately south of the river Loire in Western France. Initially, the revolt was similar to the 14th-century Jacquerie peasant uprising, but the Vendée quickly became counter-revolutionary and Royalist. The revolt headed by the newly-formed Catholic and Royal Army was comparable to the Chouannerie, which took place in the area north of the Loire. While elsewhere in France the revolts against the were repressed, an insurgent territory, called the by historians, formed south of the Loire-Inférieure (Brittany), south-west of Maine-et-Loire (Anjou), north of Vendée and north-west of Deux-Sèvres ( Poitou). Gradually referred to as the "Vendeans", the insurgents established in April a " Catholic and Royal Army" which won a succession of victories in the spring and summ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Frigate Hermione (1779)
''Hermione'' was a 32-gun of the French Navy. Designed for speed, she was one of the first ships of the French Navy to receive a copper sheathing. At the beginning of the Anglo-French War of 1778, she patrolled in the Bay of Biscay, escorting convoys and chasing privateers. She became famous when she ferried General La Fayette to the United States in 1780 in support of the rebels in the American Revolutionary War. She took an incidental role in the Battle of Cape Henry on 16 March 1781, and a major one in the action of 21 July 1781. ''Hermione'' grounded and was wrecked in 1793. In 1997, construction of a replica ship started in Rochefort, Charente-Maritime, France; the new ship is likewise named . Construction Construction of ''Hermione'' started in December 1778 at Rochefort, under Chevillard brothers. She was launched on 28 April 1779, and commissioned on 11 May, with 5 month worth of food and 66 barrels of fresh water, under Lieutenant Latouche-Tréville Shortage of ade ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Espoir (1797)
''L'Espoir'' was a French brig-sloop (Fr. ''brick-aviso'') that served for 9½ years in the French Navy before HMS ''Thalia'' captured her in September 1797. In her subsequent short career in British service as HMS ''Espoir'' she captured three prizes, with the capture in 1798 of the more heavily armed Genoese pirate ''Liguria'' earning her crew a clasp to the Naval General Service Medal. ''Espoir'' was laid up in 1799 and sold in 1804. Construction ''L'Espoir'' was one of six brig-sloops of the ''Hasard'' class, designed by Raymond-Antoine Haran. She was built in Bayonne between December 1787 and April 1788, and launched in March 1788. She originally mounted just 4-pounder guns and carried a crew of 5 officers and 65 ratings; by 1794 she carried twelve 6-pounder guns and 125 men. French service ''Espoir'' cruised the coasts of Newfoundland while under the command of ''chevalier'' de Fabry, ''lieutenant de vaisseau'', around 17 August 1790. Between 13 July 1792 and 12 January ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Eugène Gabriel De La Croix, Marquis De Castries
Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was "free man". The Old English descendant of this word was '' Ċearl'' or ''Ċeorl'', as the name of King Cearl of Mercia, that disappeared after the Norman conquest of England. The name was notably borne by Charlemagne (Charles the Great), and was at the time Latinized as ''Karolus'' (as in ''Vita Karoli Magni''), later also as '' Carolus''. Some Germanic languages, for example Dutch and German, have retained the word in two separate senses. In the particular case of Dutch, ''Karel'' refers to the given name, whereas the noun ''kerel'' means "a bloke, fellow, man". Etymology The name's etymology is a Common Germanic noun ''*karilaz'' meaning "free man", which survives in English as churl (< Old English ''ċeorl''), which developed its de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Paris (1783)
The Treaty of Paris, signed in Paris by representatives of George III, King George III of Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain and representatives of the United States, United States of America on September 3, 1783, officially ended the American Revolutionary War and overall state of conflict between the two countries. The treaty set the Demarcation line, boundaries between the British North America (later called Canada) and the United States, United States of America, on lines "exceedingly generous" to the latter. Details included fishing rights and restoration of property and Prisoners of war in the American Revolutionary War, prisoners of war. This treaty and the separate peace treaties between Great Britain and the nations that supported the American cause—France in the American Revolutionary War, France, Spain in the American Revolutionary War, Spain, and the Dutch Republic—are known collectively as the Peace of Paris (1783), Peace of Paris. Only Article 1 of the tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis-Philippe De Vaudreuil
Louis-Philippe de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil (18 April 1724 – 14 December 1802) was second in command of the French squadron off America during the American Revolutionary War. Biography Early life Louis-Philippe Rigaud de Vaudreuil was born into a family with a rich political and military tradition. His grandfather, Philippe de Rigaud de Vaudreuil, and his uncle Pierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil de Cavagnal, were both governors of Canada; the latter was its last governor, surrendering Montreal to the British in 1760. Another uncle, Pierre-François de Rigaud, fought with Montcalm at the Battle of Oswego. His father, also named Louis-Philippe de Rigaud de Vaudreuil, was an admiral of the French Navy: he saved Desherbiers de l'Etenduère at the Second battle of Cape Finisterre while commanding the 74-gun ''Intrépide'' and was in charge of the Navy in North America in 1747. His younger brother, Louis de Rigaud de Vaudreuil, was also a Navy officer. They served together ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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