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Pierre Guérin De Tencin
Pierre-Paul Guérin de Tencin (22 August 1679 – 2 March 1758) was a French ecclesiastic and statesman, who was archbishop of Embrun and Lyon and cardinal. His sister was Claudine Guérin de Tencin. Biography He was the son of Antoine Guérin, ''sieur'' of Tencin, and his wife Louise de Buffévent. After studying with the Oratorians in his native Grenoble, he entered the Sorbonne, where he became prior in 1702, and obtained a doctorate in theology in 1705. He was then appointed Vicar-General of the diocese of Sens and, in 1721, accompanied Cardinal de Rohan to Rome as his conclavist, to support the candidacy of Cardinal Conti ( Innocent XIII), from whom he had obtained a promise to bestow the purple on the French minister Guillaume Dubois. He remained at Rome as French ''chargé d'affaires'', with the appointment ''in commendam'' of abbot of Trois-Fontaines to support him (1739–53), until Benedict XIII, with whom he was on cordial terms of intimacy and very influ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
His Eminence
His Eminence (abbreviation H.Em. or HE) is a style (manner of address), style of reference for high nobility, still in use in various religious contexts. Catholicism The style remains in use as the official style or standard form of address in reference to a cardinal (Catholicism), cardinal of the Catholic Church, reflecting his status as a Prince of the Church. A longer, and more formal, title is "His [or Your when addressing the cardinal directly] Most Reverend Eminence". Patriarchs of Eastern Catholic Churches who are also cardinals may be addressed as "His Eminence" or by the style particular to Catholic patriarchs, His Beatitude. When the Grand master (order), Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, the head of state of their sovereign territorial state comprising the island of Malta until 1797, who had already been made a Reichsfürst (i.e., prince of the Holy Roman Empire) in 1607, became (in terms of honorary order of precedence, not in the actual churc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
France
France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlantic, North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and List of islands of France, many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean, giving it Exclusive economic zone of France, one of the largest discontiguous exclusive economic zones in the world. Metropolitan France shares borders with Belgium and Luxembourg to the north; Germany to the northeast; Switzerland to the east; Italy and Monaco to the southeast; Andorra and Spain to the south; and a maritime border with the United Kingdom to the northwest. Its metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea. Its Regions of France, eighteen integral regions—five of which are overseas—span a combined area of and hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prospero Lambertini
Pope Benedict XIV (; ; 31 March 1675 – 3 May 1758), born Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 17 August 1740 to his death in May 1758. Pope Benedict X (1058–1059) is now considered an antipope. At the time, however, this status was not recognized by church historians, and so the tenth legitimate pontiff by this name is the one who took the official name Benedict XI (1303–1304). This has advanced the numbering of all subsequent Popes Benedict by one. Popes Benedict XI–XVI are therefore the tenth through fifteenth popes by that name. Perhaps one of the best scholars to sit on the papal throne, yet often overlooked, he promoted scientific learning, the Baroque arts, reinvigoration of Thomism, and the study of the human form. Firmly committed to carrying out the decrees of the Council of Trent and authentic Catholic teaching, Benedict removed changes previously made to the Breviary, sought peacefully to r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trois-Fontaines Abbey
Trois-Fontaines Abbey ()literally "three fountains"; cf the Trappist abbey of Saints Vincent and Anastasius, near Rome, which is also called the "Abbey of Three Fountains" (''Abbazia delle Tre Fontane'' or ''Trium Fontium ad Aquas Salvias''): se''Catholic Encyclopedia'': "Abbey of Saints Vincent and Anastasius"/ref> was a Cistercian abbey in the present commune of Trois-Fontaines-l'Abbaye in the French department of Marne, in the historic province of Champagne. History It was the first daughter-house founded by Clairvaux Abbey, one of the four Cistercian primary abbeys, and was established north of the head of navigation of the Marne at Saint-Dizier by Bernard of Clairvaux in 1118, on isolated woodland given by Hugh de Vitry, which the monks drained. It was a large community, comprising at its height some 130 monks. The abbey was very active in its first century or so in the settlement of daughter houses: * Lachalade Abbey (1127) * Orval Abbey in Belgium (1132) * Haute-Fontaine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
In Commendam
In canon law, commenda (or ''in commendam'') was a form of transferring an ecclesiastical benefice ''in trust'' to the ''custody'' of a patron. The phrase ''in commendam'' was originally applied to the provisional occupation of an ecclesiastical benefice, which was temporarily without an actual occupant, in contrast to the conferral of a title, '' in titulum'', which was applied to the regular and unconditional occupation of a benefice.Ott, Michael. "In Commendam". ''The Catholic Encyclopedia'' Vol. 7. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 25 July 2015 The word ''commendam'' is the accusative singular of the |
Guillaume Dubois
Guillaume Dubois (; 6 September 1656 – 10 August 1723) was a French cardinal and statesman. Life and government Early years Dubois, the third of the four great Cardinal-Ministers ( Richelieu, Mazarin, Dubois, and Fleury), was born in Brive-la-Gaillarde, in Limousin. He was, according to his enemies, the son of an apothecary, his father being in fact a doctor of medicine of a respectable family, who kept a small drug store as part of the necessary outfit of a country practitioner. He was educated at the school of the Brothers of the Christian Doctrine at Brive, where he received the tonsure at the age of thirteen. In 1672, having finished his philosophy course, he was given a scholarship at the college of St. Michel in Paris by the lieutenant-general of the Limousin. The head of the college, the abbé Antoine Faure, who was from the same part of the country as himself, befriended the lad, and continued to do so for many years after he had finished his course, finding him pupil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Innocent XIII
Pope Innocent XIII (; ; 13 May 1655 – 7 March 1724), born as Michelangelo dei Conti, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 May 1721 to his death in March 1724. He remains the most recent pope to take the pontifical name "Innocent". Pope Innocent XIII was reform-oriented, and imposed new standards of frugality, abolishing excessive spending. He took steps to end the practice of nepotism by issuing a decree which forbade his successors from granting land, offices or income to any relatives – something opposed by many cardinals who hoped they might become pope and benefit their families. Biography Early life Michelangelo dei Conti was born on 13 May 1655 in Poli, near Rome as the son of Carlo II, Duke of Poli, and Isabella d'Monti. Like Pope Innocent III (1198–1216), Pope Gregory IX (1227–1241) and Pope Alexander IV (1254–1261), he was a member of the aristocratic landowning family of the Conti, who held the titles of counts and du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conclavist
A conclavist was a personal aide of a cardinal (Catholicism), cardinal present in a papal conclave. The term is sometimes used to refer to all present with a conclave, including the cardinal-electors, but is more properly applied only to the non-cardinals. Conclavists played an important historical role in the negotiations of papal elections and in the evolution of secrecy (or the lack thereof), writing many of the extant accounts of papal elections. Three popes have been elected from former conclavists, including Pope Pius VI (a conclavist in the 1740 conclave). Other conclavists have later been elevated to the cardinalate, such as Pierre Guérin de Tencin (1721), Niccolò Coscia (1724), Christoph Anton Migazzi (1740), and Carlo Confalonieri (1922). Pope Paul VI in effect eliminated the role of the historical conclavist by banning private aides and creating a common support staff. Background The participation of the laity in the election of a pope predates the creation of the pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henri-Pons De Thiard De Bissy
Henri-Pons de Thiard de Bissy (25 May 1657 – 26 July 1737) was a French priest who was Bishop of Toul from 1687 to 1704, Bishop of Meaux from 1704 to 1737, and Cardinal from 1715 to 1737. Biography Henri Pons Thiard Bissy was born on 25 May 1657 in Pierre-de-Bresse. Destined for an ecclesiastical career, he was first licensed as a doctor at the Sorbonne in 1685. Appointed Bishop of Toul on 29 March 1687, disputes between Rome and King Louis XIV of France prevented the sending of papal bulls, and his appointment was not confirmed until 10 March 1692. He was ordained Bishop on 24 August 1692. He took part in disputes arising in Lorraine against the edicts of Leopold I of Lorraine, which were considered to be contrary to the jurisdiction and authority of the Church. On 10 May 1704 he was appointed Bishop of Meaux, confirmed on 9 February 1705. He succeeded the famous Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet in this post. He was elevated to cardinal on 29 May 1715 and became Commander of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cardinal De Rohan
Cardinal or The Cardinal most commonly refers to * Cardinalidae, a family of North and South American birds **''Cardinalis'', genus of three species in the family Cardinalidae ***Northern cardinal, ''Cardinalis cardinalis'', the common cardinal of eastern North America ***Pyrrhuloxia or desert cardinal, ''Cardinalis sinuatus'', found in southwest North America ***Vermilion cardinal, ''Cardinalis phoeniceus'', found in Colombia and Venezuela * Cardinal (Catholic Church), a senior official of the Catholic Church **Member of the College of Cardinals * Cardinal Health, a health care services company * Cardinal number ** Large cardinal * Cardinal direction, one of the four primary directions: north, south, east, and west * Arizona Cardinals, an American professional football team * St. Louis Cardinals, an American professional baseball team Cardinal or The Cardinal may also refer to: Animals Birds In addition to the aforementioned cardinalids: * ''Paroaria'', a South American genu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diocese Of Sens
The Archdiocese of Sens and Auxerre (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Senonensis et Antissiodorensis''; French: ''Archidiocèse de Sens et Auxerre'') is a Latin archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France. The archdiocese comprises the department of Yonne, which is in the region of Burgundy. Established in sub-apostolic times, according to late local legends, the diocese, as metropolis of the province of Quarta Lugdunensis, achieved ecclesiastical metropolitical status in the 7th century. For a time, the archbishop of Sens held the title "primate of the Gauls and Germania". The title was transferred to Lyon in the latter part of the 11th century. After the creation of the archdiocese of Paris in 1622, the metropolitan archdiocese of Sens had three suffragan (subordinate) dioceses: Auxerre, Nevers and Troyes. The Diocese of Bethléem at Clamecy was also dependent on the metropolitan see of Sens. On December 8, 2002, as part of a general reorganization of the dioceses of France underta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Paris
The University of Paris (), known Metonymy, metonymically as the Sorbonne (), was the leading university in Paris, France, from 1150 to 1970, except for 1793–1806 during the French Revolution. Emerging around 1150 as a corporation associated with the cathedral school of Paris, it was considered the List of medieval universities, second-oldest university in Europe.Charles Homer Haskins: ''The Rise of Universities'', Henry Holt and Company, 1923, p. 292. Officially chartered in 1200 by Philip II of France, King Philip II and recognised in 1215 by Pope Innocent III, it was nicknamed after its theological College of Sorbonne, founded by Robert de Sorbon and chartered by King Louis IX around 1257. Highly reputed internationally for its academic performance in the humanities ever since the Middle Ages – particularly in theology and philosophy – it introduced academic standards and traditions that have endured and spread, such as Doctor (title), doctoral degrees and student nations. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
