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Phyllariopsis Purpurascens
''Phyllariopsis purpurascens'' is a species of large brown algae, found in the subtidal zone of the Mediterranean Sea and the intertidal zone of Morocco, as observed by Lourenço et al. (2020). While it is functionally similar to kelp species, it is not in the order Laminariales. In general, this macroalgae is affected by ultraviolet light and avoids shallow waters in the sunny Mediterranean. In fact it was thought that there were no forests of large brown macroalgae, including kelp, in the Mediterranean, until the first was discovered by Jacques Cousteau in his research vessel ''Calypso'' in 1958. Instead the forests grow at greater depths than in other oceans. For example, in the cold upwelling water in the Mediterranean near the Strait of Gibraltar, where ''Saccorhiza polyschides ''Saccorhiza polyschides'', common name furbellow, is a large brown algae of the lower shore and is the largest seaweed found in Europe. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RV Calypso
RV ''Calypso'' is a former British Royal Navy minesweeper converted into a research vessel for the Oceanography, oceanographic researcher Jacques Cousteau, equipped with a mobile laboratory for underwater field research. She was severely damaged in 1996 and was planned to undergo a complete refurbishment in 2009–2011. The ship is named after the Greek mythological figure Calypso (mythology), Calypso. World War II British minesweeper (1941–1947) ''Calypso'' was originally a minesweeper (ship), minesweeper built by the Ballard Marine Railway Company of Seattle, Washington (state), Washington, United States for the United States Navy for loan to the British Royal Navy under lend-lease. A wooden-hulled vessel, she is built of Douglas fir, Oregon pine. She was a BYMS-class minesweeper, British yard minesweeper (BYMS) Mark 1 class motor minesweeper, Keel laying, laid down on 12 August 1941 with yard designation ''BYMS-26'' and Ship naming and launching, launched on 21 March 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tilopteridales
Tilopteridales is an order of brown algae Brown algae (singular: alga), comprising the class Phaeophyceae, are a large group of multicellular algae, including many seaweeds located in colder waters within the Northern Hemisphere. Brown algae are the major seaweeds of the temperate and p ... (class Phaeophyceae) with isomorphic alternation of generations. References External links * Brown algae orders {{Phaeophyceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phyllariopsis Brevipes
''Phyllariopsis brevipes'' is a species of large brown algae, found in the subtidal zone in the Mediterranean Sea. It is the type species of the genus. Unlike other large brown macroalgae, it has a habitat requirement to grow on the living thalli of the crustose red alga '' Mesophyllum alternans''. This is an uncommon species and is known from two locations in the Mediterranean Sea, the Straits of Messina and the Al Hoceima National Park, and one site in northern Morocco, as published in Lourenço et al. (2020). The subtidal zone in the park is influenced by both the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, and there are dense forests of kelp and other large brown macroalgae, including ''Cystoseira'' sp., ''Saccorhiza polyschides'', '' Laminaria ochroleuca'', '' Laminaria rodreguizii'', ''Phyllariopsis purpurascens'' and ''Phyllariopsis brevipes''. In general, kelp is affected by ultraviolet light and avoids shallow waters in the sunny Mediterranean. Instead it forms forests at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laminaria Ochroleuca
''Laminaria ochroleuca'' is a large kelp, an alga in the order Laminariales.Bunker, F.StP,D., Brodie, J.A., Maggs, C.A. and Bunker, A.R. 2017. ''Seaweeds of Britain and Ireland. Second Edition.'' Wild Nature Press, Plymouth, UK. They are commonly known as golden kelp, due to their blade colouration, distinguishing them from ''Laminaria hyperborea'' Description This large brown alga can grow to a length of 2 m. It has large leathery blades or fronds which grow from a stipe. The blade is without a midrib and divided into smooth linear sections. The stipe is stalk-like, stiff, smooth and attached to rocks by a claw-like holdfast. It is similar to ''Laminaria hyperborea'' but it is more yellow in colourHardy, F.G. and Guiry, M.D. 2003. ''A Check-list and Atlas of the Seaweeds of Britain and Ireland''. British Phycological Society, London. and does not have the rough stipe of ''L. hyperborea''. Reproduction The life-cycle is of the large diploid sporophyte alternating wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saccorhiza Polyschides
''Saccorhiza polyschides'', common name furbellow, is a large brown algae of the lower shore and is the largest seaweed found in Europe.Furbellows (''Saccorhiza polyschides'') The Sea Shore, accessed 21 September 2011. Description ''Saccorhiza polyschides'' is a large and bulky seaweed growing to 2 - 4 metres long. The holdfast is a large, bulbous hollow, knobbly structure. The stipe is long, tough, leathery and rigid and is several centimetres wide. Near the base the margin forms several broad, wavy frills. These ruffles tend to dissipate wave energy and lessen the likelihood that it will be torn from the rock. The frond is digitate with about eight large flat lobes and may be massive. The lack of a midrib distinguishes it from '' |
Strait Of Gibraltar
The Strait of Gibraltar ( ar, مضيق جبل طارق, Maḍīq Jabal Ṭāriq; es, Estrecho de Gibraltar, Archaic: Pillars of Hercules), also known as the Straits of Gibraltar, is a narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates the Iberian Peninsula in Europe from Morocco in Africa. The two continents are separated by of ocean at the Strait's narrowest point between Point Marroquí in Spain and Point Cires in Morocco. Ferries cross between the two continents every day in as little as 35 minutes. The Strait's depth ranges between which possibly interacted with the lower mean sea level of the last major glaciation 20,000 years ago when the level of the sea is believed to have been lower by . The strait lies in the territorial waters of Morocco, Spain, and the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, foreign vessels and aircraft have the freedom of navigation and overflight t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kelp Forest
Kelp forests are underwater areas with a high density of kelp, which covers a large part of the world's coastlines. Smaller areas of anchored kelp are called kelp beds. They are recognized as one of the most productive and dynamic ecosystems on Earth.Mann, K.H. 1973. Seaweeds: their productivity and strategy for growth. Science 182: 975-981. Although algal kelp forest combined with coral reefs only cover 0.1% of Earth's total surface, they account for 0.9% of global Primary production, primary productivity. Kelp forests occur worldwide throughout temperate and polar region, polar coastal oceans. In 2007, kelp forests were also discovered in tropical waters near Ecuador.Graham, M.H., B.P. Kinlan, L.D. Druehl, L.E. Garske, and S. Banks. 2007. Deep-water kelp refugia as potential hotspots of tropical marine diversity and productivity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104: 16576-16580. Physically formed by brown macroalgae, kelp forests provide a unique habitat for m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques Cousteau
Jacques-Yves Cousteau, (, also , ; 11 June 191025 June 1997) was a French naval officer, oceanographer, filmmaker and author. He co-invented the first successful Aqua-Lung, open-circuit SCUBA (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus). The apparatus assisted him in producing some of the first underwater documentaries. Cousteau wrote many books describing his undersea explorations. In his first book, '' The Silent World: A Story of Undersea Discovery and Adventure'', Cousteau surmised the existence of the echolocation abilities of porpoises. The book was adapted into an underwater documentary called ''The Silent World''. Co-directed by Cousteau and Louis Malle, it was one of the first films to use underwater cinematography to document the ocean depths in color. The film won the 1956 Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival and remained the only documentary to do so until 2004, when '' Fahrenheit 9/11'' received the award. It was also awarded the Academy Award for Best Do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brown Algae
Brown algae (singular: alga), comprising the class Phaeophyceae, are a large group of multicellular algae, including many seaweeds located in colder waters within the Northern Hemisphere. Brown algae are the major seaweeds of the temperate and polar regions. They are dominant on rocky shores throughout cooler areas of the world. Most brown algae live in marine environments, where they play an important role both as food and as a potential habitat. For instance, ''Macrocystis'', a kelp of the order Laminariales, may reach in length and forms prominent underwater kelp forests. Kelp forests like these contain a high level of biodiversity. Another example is ''Sargassum'', which creates unique floating mats of seaweed in the tropical waters of the Sargasso Sea that serve as the habitats for many species. Many brown algae, such as members of the order Fucales, commonly grow along rocky seashores. Some members of the class, such as kelps, are used by humans as food. Between 1,500 and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ultraviolet Light
Ultraviolet (UV) is a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelength from 10 nm (with a corresponding frequency around 30 PHz) to 400 nm (750 THz), shorter than that of visible light, but longer than X-rays. UV radiation is present in sunlight, and constitutes about 10% of the total electromagnetic radiation output from the Sun. It is also produced by electric arcs and specialized lights, such as mercury-vapor lamps, tanning lamps, and black lights. Although long-wavelength ultraviolet is not considered an ionizing radiation because its photons lack the energy to ionize atoms, it can cause chemical reactions and causes many substances to glow or fluoresce. Consequently, the chemical and biological effects of UV are greater than simple heating effects, and many practical applications of UV radiation derive from its interactions with organic molecules. Short-wave ultraviolet light damages DNA and sterilizes surfaces with which it comes into contact. For h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kelp
Kelps are large brown algae seaweeds that make up the order Laminariales. There are about 30 different genera. Despite its appearance, kelp is not a plant - it is a heterokont, a completely unrelated group of organisms. Kelp grows in "underwater forests" (kelp forests) in shallow oceans, and is thought to have appeared in the Miocene, 5 to 23 million years ago. The organisms require nutrient-rich water with temperatures between . They are known for their high growth rate—the genera ''Macrocystis'' and '' Nereocystis'' can grow as fast as half a metre a day, ultimately reaching .Thomas, D. 2002. ''Seaweeds.'' The Natural History Museum, London, p. 15. Through the 19th century, the word "kelp" was closely associated with seaweeds that could be burned to obtain soda ash (primarily sodium carbonate). The seaweeds used included species from both the orders Laminariales and Fucales. The word "kelp" was also used directly to refer to these processed ashes. Description In most kelp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
