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Phoneutria
''Phoneutria'' is a genus of spiders in the family Ctenidae. Phoneutria venom is potentially medically significant to humans. They are mainly found in northern South America, with one species in Central America. Members of the genus are commonly referred to as Brazilian wandering spiders. Other English names include armed spiders (''armadeiras'' in Brazilian Portuguese) and banana spiders (a name shared with several others). Description The spiders in the genus can grow to have a leg span of . Their body length ranges from . While some other araneomorph spiders have a longer leg span, the largest ''Phoneutria'' species have the longest body and the greatest body weight in this group. The genus is distinguished from other related genera such as '' Ctenus'' by the presence of dense prolateral scopulae (a dense brush of fine hairs) on the pedipalp tibiae and tarsi in both sexes. ''Phoneutria'' are easily confused with several other non-medically significant ctenids, especially ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phoneutria Nigriventer
''Phoneutria nigriventer'' is a species of medically significant spider in the family Ctenidae, found in the Southern Cone of South America (Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Argentina). Along with other members of the genus, they are often referred to as Brazilian wandering spiders. Its bite can cause severe symptoms, including extraordinary pain, increased pulse, blood pressure, and respiratory rate, penile erection (priapism) that lasts for several hours, and in several documented cases, death.Natural Viagra: Spider bite causes prolonged erection ''Live Science'', April 30, 2007. Accessed July 9, 2019. Description and behavior ''Phoneutria nigriventer'' is a large spider. Its maximum body length is around 5 cm and its legs can span 15 cm ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phoneutria Fera
''Phoneutria fera'' is a species of spider with medically significant venom in the family Ctenidae found in South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Suriname, and Guyana). It is commonly known as the Brazilian wandering spider and the banana spider, although these names are applied to other species in the genus ''Phoneutria'', particularly '' Phoneutria nigriventer''. ''P. fera'' tends to spend a larger amount of time in vegetation during the early period of its life and spends more time on the ground once it becomes larger. This is more common in females, since they are usually larger than males. Medical records from within the geographic range of ''P. fera'' show bites (likely from ''P. fera'' or its close relative ''P. reidyi''), have the potential to develop moderate to severe systematic reactions in humans. Taxonomy The name ''Phoneutria fera'' meaning “murderess, wild animal” is of both Greek and Latin origin. The genus ''Phoneutria'' derives from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phoneutria Boliviensis
''Phoneutria boliviensis'' is a species of a medically important spider in the family Ctenidae found in Central and South America. Characteristics Male Males have a varied color. The prosoma, legs and sternum are brown, and the opisthosoma is dark. Males grow from 30 to 35 mm in length. Females The females are slightly larger, growing up to 30-40 mm in length, with a yellowish to brownish brown prosoma. There are clipped lateral black lines, a thin longitudinal black band and yellow bands dorsally on the pedipalp. The opisthosoma is dorsally yellowish, with a bright yellow-brownish pair of beams. The ventral part the opisthosoma varies from gold to yellow with two sharp brown spots and two white spots. The chelicerae vary from red to reddish-brown. The legs have two small yellow spots dorsally and thin black transverse stripes. Distribution and Habitat Phoneutria boliviensis lives in both Central and South America. In South America it can be seen in Bolivia, Paraguay, Pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phoneutria Bahiensis
''Phoneutria bahiensis'' is a species of spiders in the family Ctenidae, found in Brazil. It's known in Brazilian Portuguese as Armadeira da Bahia, (Bahia armed spider). Description and Behavior ''Phoneutria bahiensis'' can reach 3.5 cm in body length and 14 cm with leg-span. ''P. bahiensis'' is very similar in appearance to ''Phoneutria fera'' and '' Phoneutria reidyi'': its anterior flat lobe is convex while much more distinct in ''P. fera'', and poorly developed in ''P. reidyi''. The pedipalps are dorsally dark brown, with the retrolateral face of the patella and tibia with barn bands. The opistosome is dorsally dark brown, with yellow-orange bristles. The ventral part is dark brown with four series of light yellow spots. In males, the tibia is equal to or greater than the cambium, and the plunger is straight with a slightly curved tip. The males also have a reduced retrolateral tibial apophysis of the pedipalp. The coloration of the males is similar to that of the females, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phoneutria Depilata
''Phoneutria depilata'' is a species of spider in the family Ctenidae, found in Central America. Description and Behavior Adult females reach a body length that can be about 4 inches and can have a stride length of more than 10 centimeters. Males are smaller. Carapace brown with a longitudinal black line. Ocular area with brown setae and back oblique band from PLE to anterior dorsal shield of prosoma edge. The chelicerae brown with reddish setae. Sternum endites and labium yellowish-brown dorsally, with yellow dots, ventrally dark brown with four conspicuous series of yellow dots. ''P. depilata'' is an euryphagous predator with a broad diet made up predominantly of arthropods and to a lesser extent of small vertebrates (''Gekkonidae'', ''Hylidae'' and ''Sphaerodactylidae''). The range of eggs per egg sac is 430-1300, and spiderlings emerge 28–34 days after the egg sacs are produced. Sexual maturity occurs after 14-17 molts, and spiders mature 300–465 days after emerging f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phoneutria Keyserlingi
''Phoneutria keyserlingi'' is a species of spiders in the family Ctenidae, found in Brazil. ''P. keyserlingi'' is venomous and should be treated with caution, studies on the other ''Phoneutria'' are scarce, however, a recent characterization of the venom of this species has shown that it contains neurotoxins similar to those isolated from ''Phoneutria nigriventer'' and that are active on the neuronal ion () channels and NMDA-type glutamate receptors. CRISP-1 is a protein (basically an allergen) from the cysteine-rich ''P. keyserlingi'' venom, proteins in the CAP domain that includes CRISP have also been recruited from '' cephalopods'', ''cone snails'', ''scorpions'', '' reptiles'' and ''ticks'', the proteins in the domain CAP are allergy-inducing toxins, although their role in spider toxins has yet to be determined, CRISP-1 is known to induce a dangerous allergic reaction in humans. See also * Ion channel ** Calcium channel () ** Sodium channel () ** Potassium channel Pota ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ctenidae
Wandering spiders (''Ctenidae'') are a family of spiders that includes the Brazilian wandering spiders. These spiders have a distinctive longitudinal groove on the top-rear of their oval carapace similar to those of the Amaurobiidae. They are highly defensive and venomous nocturnal hunters. Wandering spiders are known to hunt large prey, for example hylid species '' Dendropsophus branneri.'' Despite their notoriety for being dangerous, only a few members of ''Phoneutria'' have venom known to be hazardous to humans, but the venoms of this family are poorly known, so all larger ctenids should be treated with caution. Genera , the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera: *'' Acantheis'' Thorell, 1891 — Asia *'' Acanthoctenus'' Keyserling, 1877 — South America, Central America, Jamaica, Mexico *'' Africactenus'' Hyatt, 1954 — Africa, India *'' Afroneutria'' Polotow & Jocqué, 2015 — Africa *'' Amauropelma'' Raven, Stumkat & Gray, 2001 — Asia, Australia *'' Amicac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phoneutria Eickstedtae
''Phoneutria eickstedtae'' is a species of spider in the family Ctenidae Wandering spiders (''Ctenidae'') are a family of spiders that includes the Brazilian wandering spiders. These spiders have a distinctive longitudinal groove on the top-rear of their oval carapace similar to those of the Amaurobiidae. They are hig ..., found in Brazil. References Ctenidae Spiders of Brazil Spiders described in 2007 {{ctenidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cupiennius
''Cupiennius'', known by the common name bromeliad spiders or as the often confused name banana spiders, is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Trechaleidae, named by Eugène Simon in 1891. They are found from Mexico to northwestern South America, and on some Caribbean islands. Unlike the dangerously venomous ''Phoneutria'', bites from these spiders typically have only minor effects on humans, and have been compared to a bee sting. Members of this genus come in a range of sizes, from cephalothorax lengths less than to large species, with a cephalothorax length of . The larger species are sometimes found far outside their native ranges in shipments of fruits, where they are frequently confused with ''Phoneutria'' spiders. Description These spiders hide during the day then come out to hunt during the night. They usually hide in particular plants, usually in bromeliads, agaves and the banana family. They are medium to large spiders, and are usually a grey, brown o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ctenus
''Ctenus'' is a genus of Ctenidae, wandering spiders first described by Charles Athanase Walckenaer in 1805. It is widely distributed, from South America through Africa to East Asia. Little is known about the toxic potential of the genus ''Ctenus''; however, ''Ctenus medius'' has been shown to share some toxic properties with ''Phoneutria nigriventer'', such as proteolytic, hyaluronidase and phospholipase activities, in addition to producing hyperalgesia and edema. The venom of ''C. medius'' also interferes with the complement system in concentrations in which the venom of ''P. nigriventer'' is inactive, indicating that some species in the genus may have a medically significant venom. The venom of ''C. medius'' interferes with the complement component 3 (C3) of the complement system; it affects the central factor of the cascades of the complement, and interferes with the lytic activity of this system, which causes stronger activation and consumption of the complement components. Unl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banana Spider
Banana spider may refer to: * ''Cupiennius'', a South and Central American genus of spiders * ''Phoneutria'', also known as Brazilian wandering spiders, a related South and Central American genus of extremely venomous spiders * Golden silk orb-weaver (''Nephila''), a widespread genus of large but rather harmless spiders, noted for their large durable webs * '' Argiope appensa'', a black and yellow spider on several islands in the Western Pacific Ocean * ''Trichonephila clavipes'', a species of the genus '' Trichonephila'' indigenous to continental North and South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the sout ... * Banana spider myth, an urban legend regarding huntsman spiders See also *'' Bannana'', a genus of goblin spiders from China {{Animal common name Set index art ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spider
Spiders ( order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species diversity among all orders of organisms. Spiders are found worldwide on every continent except for Antarctica, and have become established in nearly every land habitat. , 50,356 spider species in 132 families have been recorded by taxonomists. However, there has been debate among scientists about how families should be classified, with over 20 different classifications proposed since 1900. Anatomically, spiders (as with all arachnids) differ from other arthropods in that the usual body segments are fused into two tagmata, the cephalothorax or prosoma, and the opisthosoma, or abdomen, and joined by a small, cylindrical pedicel, however, as there is currently neither paleontological nor embryological evidence that spiders ever had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
