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Phaeotremella
''Phaeotremella'' is a genus of fungi in the family (biology), family Phaeotremellaceae. All ''Phaeotremella'' species are parasitism, parasites of other fungi and produce anamorphic yeast states. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies), when produced, are gelatinous and are colloquially classed among the "jelly fungi". Fifteen or so species of ''Phaeotremella'' are currently recognized worldwide. Taxonomy History The genus ''Phaeotremella'' was originally created by British mycologist Carleton Rea to accommodate ''Phaeotremella pseudofoliacea'', a fungus that resembled a ''Tremella'' species but had brown rather than white basidiospores. Later authors considered this to be a mistaken observation and placed ''Phaeotremella'' in synonymy with ''Tremella'' and its type species in synonymy with ''Tremella foliacea''. Molecular phylogenetics, Molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has however shown that ''Tremella'' is paraphyletic (and hence artificial). A different ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaeotremella Foliacea
''Phaeotremella foliacea'' (synonym ''Tremella foliacea'') is a species of fungus in the family Phaeotremellaceae. It produces brownish, frondose, gelatinous basidiocarps (fruit bodies) and is parasitic on the mycelium of ''Stereum sanguinolentum'', a fungus that grows on dead attached and recently fallen branches of conifers. It is widespread in north temperate regions. In the UK it has the recommended English name leafy brain and has also been called jelly leaf and brown witch's butter. Prior to 2017, the name ''Tremella foliacea'' was also applied to similar-looking species on broadleaf trees, now distinguished as '' Phaeotremella frondosa'' and ''Phaeotremella fimbriata''. Taxonomy ''Tremella foliacea'' was first published in 1800 by South African-born mycologist Christiaan Hendrik Persoon. The name remained in use until molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, showed that ''Tremella foliacea'' was not closely related to the type species of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaeotremella Frondosa
''Phaeotremella frondosa'' (synonym ''Tremella frondosa'') is a species of fungus in the family Phaeotremellaceae producing brownish, frondose, gelatinous basidiocarps (fruit bodies). It is widespread in north temperate regions, and is parasitic on other species of fungi ('' Stereum'' spp.) that grow on dead attached and recently fallen branches of broadleaf trees. Taxonomy ''Tremella frondosa'' was first published in 1822 by Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries. The species was not clearly distinguished from ''Tremella foliacea'' until molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, showed that the name ''Tremella foliacea'' covered several similar but distinct species. ''Phaeotremella frondosa'' is the name adopted for the widespread species growing on broadleaf trees, whilst ''Phaeotremella foliacea'' is restricted to conifers. The epithet "frondosa" means "leafy", with reference to the shape of the fruit bodies. Description Fruit bodies are ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tremella
''Tremella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Tremellaceae. All ''Tremella'' species are parasites of other fungi and most produce anamorphic yeast states. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies), when produced, are gelatinous and are colloquially classed among the "jelly fungi". Over 100 species of ''Tremella'' (in its wide sense) are currently recognized worldwide. One species, ''Tremella fuciformis'', is commercially cultivated for food. Taxonomy History ''Tremella'' was one of the original genera created by Linnaeus in his ''Species Plantarum'' of 1753. The name comes from the Latin ''tremere'' meaning "to tremble". Linnaeus placed ''Tremella'' in the algae, including within it a variety of gelatinous growths, including seaweeds, cyanobacteria, and myxomycetes, as well as fungi. Subsequent authors added additional species to this mix, until Persoon revised ''Tremella'' in 1794 and 1801, repositioning the genus within the fungi. Persoon's reinterpretation of ''Tremella'' was sufficient ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaeotremellaceae ...
The Phaeotremellaceae are a family of fungi in the order Tremellales. The family currently contains two genera. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q27694646 Tremellomycetes Phaeotremellaceae The Phaeotremellaceae are a family of fungi in the order Tremellales The Tremellales are an order of fungi in the class Tremellomycetes. The order contains both teleomorphic and anamorphic species, most of the latter being yeasts. All teleomo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carleton Rea
Carleton Rea (7 May 1861 – 26 June 1946) was an English mycologist, botanist, and naturalist. Background and education Carleton Rea was born in Worcester, the son of the City Coroner. He was educated at The King's School and Magdalen College, Oxford, where he studied law. He entered the Inner Temple and became a barrister in the Oxford Circuit, but never pursued his career with undue enthusiasm and ceased taking cases by 1907. Natural history and mycology In the words of John Ramsbottom, Rea was "active in his leisure" and devoted much of his time to natural history, having joined his local Worcestershire Naturalists' Club as a schoolboy (he was president of the club in its centenary year, at the time of his death). He collaborated with John Amphlett in the ''Botany of Worcestershire'', published in 1909, and wrote several later supplements. His first paper in 1892 was on rare plants of the Severn Valley. Rea's special interest was in fungi and in 1896 he was one of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycelium
Mycelium (plural mycelia) is a root-like structure of a fungus consisting of a mass of branching, thread-like hyphae. Fungal colonies composed of mycelium are found in and on soil and many other substrate (biology), substrates. A typical single spore germinates into a Monokaryon, monokaryotic mycelium, which cannot reproduce sexually; when two compatible monokaryotic mycelia join and form a dikaryotic mycelium, that mycelium may form sporocarp (fungi), fruiting bodies such as mushrooms. A mycelium may be minute, forming a colony that is too small to see, or may grow to span thousands of acres as in ''Armillaria''. Through the mycelium, a fungus absorbs nutrients from its environment. It does this in a two-stage process. First, the hyphae secrete enzymes onto or into the food source, which break down biopolymers, biological polymers into smaller units such as monomers. These monomers are then absorbed into the mycelium by facilitated diffusion and active transport. Mycelia are v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stereum
''Stereum'' is the type genus of the Stereaceae family of fungi, in the Russulales order. Until recently, the genus was classified in the Corticiaceae family, of the Corticiales order. However, it was given its own family as a result of the split-up of the Corticiales. Common names for species of this genus include leaf fungus, wax fungus, and shelf fungus. Fungi having a shape similar to a ''Stereum'' are said to have a stereoid shape. ''Stereum'' contains 27 species that have a widespread distribution. Habitat ''Stereum'' species are found to live on all kinds of deadwood or hardwood or dead leaves (they are therefore said to be saprobic). Sometimes they are also found on living leaves. Characteristics ''Stereum'' species are wood decay fungi. Their simple, shelving fruiting bodies have a smooth hymenium, lacking gills or tubes. Like most members or the family Stereaceae, ''Stereum'' fruiting bodies lack clamp connections and produce amyloid basidiospores. The species can be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleurodiscus
''Aleurodiscus'' is a genus of corticioid fungi in the family Stereaceae. Species *''Aleurodiscus aberrans, A. aberrans'' *''Aleurodiscus abietis, A. abietis'' *''Aleurodiscus amorphus, A. amorphus'' *''Aleurodiscus atlanticus, A. atlanticus'' *''Aleurodiscus aurantius, A. aurantius'' *''Aleurodiscus australiensis, A. australiensis'' *''Aleurodiscus berggrenii, A. berggrenii'' *''Aleurodiscus botryosus, A. botryosus'' *''Aleurodiscus canadensis, A. canadensis'' *''Aleurodiscus cerussatus, A. cerussatus'' *''Aleurodiscus coralloides, A. coralloides'' *''Aleurodiscus coronatus, A. coronatus'' *''Aleurodiscus cremicolor, A. cremicolor'' *''Aleurodiscus croceus, A. croceus'' *''Aleurodiscus dendroideus, A. dendroideus'' *''Aleurodiscus dextrinoideocerussatus, A. dextrinoideocerussatus'' *''Aleurodiscus diffissus, A. diffissus'' *''Aleurodiscus disciformis, A. disciformis'' *''Aleurodiscus exasperatus, A. exasperatus'' *''Aleurodiscus farlowii, A. farlowii'' *''Aleurodiscus fruticetoru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corticioid Fungi
The corticioid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota typically having effused, smooth basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that are formed on the undersides of dead tree trunks or branches. They are sometimes colloquially called crust fungi or patch fungi. Originally such fungi were referred to the genus '' Corticium'' ("corticioid" means ''Corticium''-like) and subsequently to the family ''Corticiaceae'', but it is now known that all corticioid species are not necessarily closely related. The fact that they look similar is an example of convergent evolution. Since they are often studied as a group, it is convenient to retain the informal (non-taxonomic) name of "corticioid fungi" and this term is frequently used in research papersLarsson K-H, Larsson E, Koljalg U. (2004). High phylogenetic diversity among corticioid homobasidiomycetes. ''Mycological Research'' 108: 983–1002. and other texts. History The genus ''Corticium'' was established by Persoon in 1794 for fungi having smo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conidiospores
A conidium ( ; ), sometimes termed an asexual chlamydospore or chlamydoconidium (), is an asexual, non-motile spore of a fungus. The word ''conidium'' comes from the Ancient Greek word for dust, ('). They are also called mitospores due to the way they are generated through the cellular process of mitosis. The two new haploid cells are genetically identical to the haploid parent, and can develop into new organisms if conditions are favorable, and serve in biological dispersal. Asexual reproduction in ascomycetes (the phylum Ascomycota) is by the formation of conidia, which are borne on specialized stalks called conidiophores. The morphology of these specialized conidiophores is often distinctive between species and, before the development of molecular techniques at the end of the 20th century, was widely used for identification of (''e.g.'' ''Metarhizium'') species. The terms microconidia and macroconidia are sometimes used. Conidiogenesis There are two main types of co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conidiophores
A conidium ( ; ), sometimes termed an asexual chlamydospore or chlamydoconidium (), is an Asexual reproduction, asexual, non-motility, motile spore of a fungus. The word ''conidium'' comes from the Ancient Greek word for dust, ('). They are also called mitospores due to the way they are generated through the cellular process of mitosis. The two new haploid cells are genetically identical to the haploid parent, and can develop into new organisms if conditions are favorable, and serve in biological dispersal. Asexual reproduction in ascomycetes (the phylum Ascomycota) is by the formation of conidia, which are borne on specialized stalks called conidiophores. The Morphology (biology), morphology of these specialized conidiophores is often distinctive between species and, before the development of molecular techniques at the end of the 20th century, was widely used for identification of (''e.g.'' ''Metarhizium#Species, Metarhizium'') species. The terms microconidia and macroconidi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sterigmata
In biology, a sterigma (pl. sterigmata) is a small supporting structure. It commonly refers to an extension of the basidium (the spore-bearing cells) consisting of a basal filamentous part and a slender projection which carries a spore at the tip. The sterigmata are formed on the basidium as it develops and undergoes meiosis, to result in the production of (typically) four nuclei. The nuclei gradually migrate to the tips of the basidium, and one nucleus will migrate into each spore that develops at the tip of each sterigma. In less common usage, a sterigma is a structure within the posterior end of the genitalia of female Lepidoptera. It also refers to the stem-like structure, also called a "woody peg" at the base of the leaves of some, but not all conifers, specifically ''Picea'' and ''Tsuga ''Tsuga'' (, from Japanese (), the name of ''Tsuga sieboldii'') is a genus of conifers in the subfamily Abietoideae of Pinaceae, the pine family. The common name hemlock is derived ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
