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Perceptual Objective Listening Quality Analysis
Perceptual Objective Listening Quality Analysis (POLQA) was the working title of an ITU-T standard that covers a model to predict speech quality by means of analyzing digital speech signals. The model was standardized as Recommendation ITU-T P.863 (Perceptual objective listening quality assessment) in 2011. The second edition of the standard appeared in 2014, and the third, currently in-force edition was adopted in 2018 under the title Perceptual objective listening quality prediction. Measurement scope POLQA covers a model to predict speech quality,http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=16829 Perceptual Objective Listening Quality Assessment (POLQA), The Third Generation ITU-T Standard for End-to-End Speech Quality Measurement Part I—Temporal Alignmenthttp://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=16830 Perceptual Objective Listening Quality Assessment (POLQA), The Third Generation ITU-T Standard for End-to-End Speech Quality Measurement Part II—Perceptual Model by means of digit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ITU-T
The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is one of the three sectors (divisions or units) of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). It is responsible for coordinating standards for telecommunications and Information Communication Technology such as X.509 for cybersecurity, Y.3172 and Y.3173 for machine learning, and H.264/MPEG-4 AVC for video compression, between its Member States, Private Sector Members, and Academia Members. The first meeting of the World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), the sector's governing conference, took place on 1 March of that year. ITU-T has a permanent secretariat called the Telecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB), which is based at the ITU headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. The current director of the TSB is Chaesub Lee (of South Korea), whose first 4-year term commenced on 1 January 2015, and whose second 4-year term commenced on 1 January 2019. Chaesub Lee succeeded Malcolm Johnson (Director), Malc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rohde & Schwarz
Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co KG (, ) is an international electronics group specializing in the fields of electronic test equipment, broadcast & media, cybersecurity, radiomonitoring and radiolocation, and radiocommunication. The company provides products for the wireless communications, broadcast & media, cybersecurity and electronics industry, aerospace and defense, homeland security and critical infrastructures. In addition to the Munich headquarters, there are regional headquarters in the United States (Columbia, Maryland) and in Asia (Singapore). About 7,700 of the company's employees work in Germany. Worldwide the company has a total of around 13,000 employees in over 70 countries. Exports account for around 85 percent of revenues. History The company was founded by Lothar Rohde and Hermann Schwarz who met while studying physics in Jena. They built their first T&M instrument in 1932, and in August 1933, the ''Physikalisch-Technisches Entwicklungslabor Dr. Rohde & Dr. Sch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Netherlands Organisation For Applied Scientific Research
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO; en, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research) is an independent research organisation in the Netherlands that focuses on applied science. The organisation also conducts contract research, offers specialist consulting services, and grants licences for patents and specialist software. TNO tests and certifies products and services, and issues an independent evaluation of quality. Moreover, TNO sets up new companies to market innovations. Background TNO was established by law in 1932 to support companies and governments with innovative, practicable knowledge. As a statutory organisation, TNO has an independent position that allows to give objective, scientifically founded judgments. It is similar to the following: * CSIR in Ghana * CSIR in India * CSIR in South Africa * CSIRO in Australia * Fraunhofer Society in Germany * SINTEF in Norway Furthermore, TNO also held 10% of the Austrian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mean Opinion Score
Mean opinion score (MOS) is a measure used in the domain of Quality of Experience and telecommunications engineering, representing overall quality of a stimulus or system. It is the arithmetic mean over all individual "values on a predefined scale that a subject assigns to his opinion of the performance of a system quality". Such ratings are usually gathered in a subjective quality evaluation test, but they can also be algorithmically estimated. MOS is a commonly used measure for video, audio, and audiovisual quality evaluation, but not restricted to those modalities. ITU-T has defined several ways of referring to a MOS in RecommendatioITU-T P.800.1 depending on whether the score was obtained from audiovisual, conversational, listening, talking, or video quality tests. Rating scales and mathematical definition The MOS is expressed as a single rational number, typically in the range 1–5, where 1 is lowest perceived quality, and 5 is the highest perceived quality. Other MOS ranges ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Absolute Category Rating
Absolute Category Rating (ACR) is a test method used in quality tests. The levels of the scale are, sorted by quality in decreasing order: * Excellent * Good * Fair * Poor * Bad In this method, a single test condition (generally an image or a video sequence) is presented to the viewers once only. They should then give a quality rating on an ACR scale. Test conditions should be presented in a random order per test person. The ACR scale is evaluated based on numbers that are assigned to the individual items, where ''Excellent'' equals to 5 and ''Bad'' equals to 1. The average numeric score over all experiment participants, for each test condition that was shown, is called the mean opinion score. The ACR scale is also used for telephony voice quality to give a mean opinion score. See also * Mean opinion score * Subjective video quality Subjective video quality is video quality as experienced by humans. It is concerned with how video is perceived by a viewer (also called "observ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hearing-Aid Speech Quality Index
Hearing-Aid Speech Quality Index (HASQI) is a measure of audio quality originally designed for the evaluation of speech quality for those with a hearing aid,. It has also been shown to be able to gauge audio quality for non-speech sounds and for listeners without a hearing loss. Background While the perception of audio quality can be gauged through perceptual measurements, the testing is time-consuming to undertake. Consequently, a number of metrics have been developed to allow audio quality to be evaluated without the need for human listening. Standardized examples from telephony include PESQ, POLQA, PEVQ and PEAQ. HASQI was originally developed by Kates and Arehart to evaluate how the distortions introduced by hearing aids degrade quality. They also produced a new version in 2014. Kressner et al. tested a speech corpus different from the dataset used to develop HASQI and showed that the index generalizes well for listeners without a hearing loss with a performance comparable ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perceptual Evaluation Of Audio Quality
Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Quality (PEAQ) is a standardized algorithm for objectively measuring perceived audio quality, developed in 1994-1998 by a joint venture of experts within Task Group 6Q of the International Telecommunication Union's Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R). It was originally released as ITU-R Recommendation BS.1387 in 1998 and last updated in 2001. It utilizes software to simulate perceptual properties of the auditory system, human ear and then integrates multiple model output variables into a single metric. PEAQ characterizes the perceived audio quality as subjects would do in a listening test according to ITU-R BS.1116. PEAQ results principally model mean opinion scores that cover a scale from 1 (bad) to 5 (excellent). Motivation The need to conserve bandwidth has led to developments in the compression of the audio data to be transmitted. Various codec, encoding methods remove both redundancy and perceptual irrelevancy in the audio signal so that the bit ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perceptual Evaluation Of Video Quality
Perceptual Evaluation of Video Quality (PEVQ) is an end-to-end (E2E) measurement algorithm to score the picture quality of a video presentation by means of a 5-point mean opinion score (MOS). It is, therefore, a video quality model. PEVQ was benchmarked by the Video Quality Experts Group (VQEG) in the course of the Multimedia Test Phase 2007–2008. Based on the performance results, in which the accuracy of PEVQ was tested against ratings obtained by human viewers, PEVQ became part of the new International Standard. (2008) Application The measurement algorithm can be applied to analyze visible artifacts caused by a digital video encoding/decoding (or transcoding) process, radio- or IP-based transmission networks and end-user devices. Application scenarios address |
ITU-T Recommendations
The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is one of the three sectors (divisions or units) of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). It is responsible for coordinating standards for telecommunications and Information Communication Technology such as X.509 for cybersecurity, Y.3172 and Y.3173 for machine learning, and H.264/MPEG-4 AVC for video compression, between its Member States, Private Sector Members, and Academia Members. The first meeting of the World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), the sector's governing conference, took place on 1 March of that year. ITU-T has a permanent secretariat called the Telecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB), which is based at the ITU headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. The current director of the TSB is Chaesub Lee (of South Korea), whose first 4-year term commenced on 1 January 2015, and whose second 4-year term commenced on 1 January 2019. Chaesub Lee succeeded Malcolm Johnson of the United ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ITU-T P Series Recommendations
The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is one of the three sectors (divisions or units) of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). It is responsible for coordinating standards for telecommunications and Information Communication Technology such as X.509 for cybersecurity, Y.3172 and Y.3173 for machine learning, and H.264/MPEG-4 AVC for video compression, between its Member States, Private Sector Members, and Academia Members. The first meeting of the World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), the sector's governing conference, took place on 1 March of that year. ITU-T has a permanent secretariat called the Telecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB), which is based at the ITU headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. The current director of the TSB is Chaesub Lee (of South Korea), whose first 4-year term commenced on 1 January 2015, and whose second 4-year term commenced on 1 January 2019. Chaesub Lee succeeded Malcolm Johnson of the United ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Standards
international standard is a technical standard developed by one or more international standards organizations. International standards are available for consideration and use worldwide. The most prominent such organization is the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Other prominent international standards organizations including the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Together, these three organizations have formed the World Standards Cooperation alliance. Purpose International standards may be used either by direct application or by a process of modifying an international standard to suit local conditions. Adopting international standards results in creating national standards that are equivalent, or substantially the same as international standards in technical content, but may have (i) editorial differences as to appearance, use of symbols and measurement units, substitution of a point for a com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
