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People V. Salem
''Detroit & Howell R Co v Salem Township Board'', 20 Mich 452 (1870), is a legal case in which the Michigan Supreme Court held that the Michigan State Constitution of 1850 prohibited the use of public money to finance a privately owned railroad. Background Mid-century railroading Following a disastrous experiment with state-financed railroad construction in the 1830s and 1840s the people of Michigan had expressly outlawed the direct investment in or construction of "any work of internal improvement" in the state constitution of 1850. Out of that calamity had come two railroads which would dominate the Michigan landscape: the Michigan Central Railroad and the Michigan Southern Railroad (which would become the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway). A second wave of construction came in the 1850s as federally sponsored land grants encouraged the development of new routes such as the north-south Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad and the Flint and Pere Marquette Railroad, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michigan Supreme Court
The Michigan Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is Michigan's court of last resort and consists of seven justices. The Court is located in the Michigan Hall of Justice at 925 Ottawa Street in Lansing, the state capital. Operations Each year, the Court receives approximately 2,000 new case filings. In most cases, the litigants seek review of Michigan Court of Appeals decisions, but the Supreme Court also hears cases of attorney misconduct (through a bifurcated disciplinary system comprising an investigation and prosecution agency – the Attorney Grievance Commission – and a separate adjudicative agency – the Attorney Discipline Board), judicial misconduct (through the Judicial Tenure Commission), as well as a small number of matters over which the Court has original jurisdiction. The Court issues a decision by order or opinion in all cases filed with it. Opinions and orders of the Court are reported in an official publication, ''Michigan Rep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amboy, Lansing And Traverse Bay Railroad
The Amboy, Lansing and Traverse Bay Railroad is a defunct railroad which operated in the state of Michigan during the 1850s and 1860s. Initially planned as an ambitious land grant railroad which would run the length of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan, poor finances and politically motivated routes frustrated these aims. History The AL&TB was one of several railroads chartered in the 1850s to take advantage of a land grant program instituted by the federal government. Under an act of 1856 and successive acts Michigan had in its gift over of land which could be given to railroads (which would then re-sell these lands for a profit) in exchange for constructing certain routes. At the heart of Michigan's network at the time were the Michigan Central Railroad and the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway, both of which ran east–west across the southern Lower Peninsula. As proposed in the route would run from " Amboy by Hillsdale and Lansing, and from Grand Rapids to some point ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James F
James is a common English language surname and given name: *James (name), the typically masculine first name James * James (surname), various people with the last name James James or James City may also refer to: People * King James (other), various kings named James * Saint James (other) * James (musician) * James, brother of Jesus Places Canada * James Bay, a large body of water * James, Ontario United Kingdom * James College, a college of the University of York United States * James, Georgia, an unincorporated community * James, Iowa, an unincorporated community * James City, North Carolina * James City County, Virginia ** James City (Virginia Company) ** James City Shire * James City, Pennsylvania * St. James City, Florida Arts, entertainment, and media * ''James'' (2005 film), a Bollywood film * ''James'' (2008 film), an Irish short film * ''James'' (2022 film), an Indian Kannada-language film * James the Red Engine, a character in ''Thomas the Tank En ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Detroit, Howell And Lansing Railroad
The Detroit, Howell and Lansing Railroad is a defunct railroad which operated in central and southeast Michigan during the early 1870s. The company formed on March 29, 1870 through the consolidation of the Detroit and Howell and the Howell and Lansing.Meints (1992), 64. From the two companies the DH&L gained a partially graded right-of-way long, with track laid on perhaps half of it, stretching from Lansing southeast to Detroit Detroit ( , ; , ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is also the largest U.S. city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of government of Wayne County. The City of Detroit had a population of 639,111 at t ....Michigan Legislature (1871), 31-32. On March 16, 1871 the company consolidated with the Ionia and Lansing to form the Detroit, Lansing & Lake Michigan. The company had existed as an independent entity for less than a year. Notes References * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Detroit Howell Lansing Railroad Rai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Howell And Lansing Rail Road
The Howell and Lansing Railroad is a defunct railroad which proposed to construct a railway line between Howell and Lansing in central Michigan Central Michigan, also called Mid Michigan, is a region in the Lower Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. As its name implies, it is the middle area of the Lower Peninsula. Lower Michigan is said to resemble a mitten, and Mid Michigan cor .... The company incorporated on June 23, 1868 and began grading along the length of the line. The H&L had some difficulty obtaining financing; by the time it merged with the Detroit and Howell on March 29, 1870, no track had been laid. The two companies merged formed the Detroit, Howell and Lansing, and the H&L ceased to exist as an independent company.Meints (1992), 88; Ivey (1919), 250; Michigan Legislature (1870), 79-80. Notes References * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Howell Lansing Railroad Railway companies established in 1868 Railway companies disestablished in 1870 Defunct Michigan r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taylor V
Taylor, Taylors or Taylor's may refer to: People * Taylor (surname) **List of people with surname Taylor * Taylor (given name), including Tayla and Taylah * Taylor sept, a branch of Scottish clan Cameron * Justice Taylor (other) Places Australia * Electoral district of Taylor, South Australia * Taylor, Australian Capital Territory, planned suburb Canada * Taylor, British Columbia United States * Taylor, Alabama * Taylor, Arizona * Taylor, Arkansas * Taylor, Indiana * Taylor, Louisiana * Taylor, Maryland * Taylor, Michigan * Taylor, Mississippi * Taylor, Missouri * Taylor, Nebraska * Taylor, North Dakota * Taylor, New York * Taylor, Beckham County, Oklahoma * Taylor, Cotton County, Oklahoma * Taylor, Pennsylvania * Taylors, South Carolina * Taylor, Texas * Taylor, Utah * Taylor, Washington * Taylor, West Virginia * Taylor, Wisconsin * Taylor, Wyoming * Taylor County (other) * Taylor Township (other) Businesses and organisations * Taylor's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Court Of The United States
The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point of federal law. It also has original jurisdiction over a narrow range of cases, specifically "all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party." The court holds the power of judicial review, the ability to invalidate a statute for violating a provision of the Constitution. It is also able to strike down presidential directives for violating either the Constitution or statutory law. However, it may act only within the context of a case in an area of law over which it has jurisdiction. The court may decide cases having political overtones, but has ruled that it does not have power to decide non-justiciable political questions. Established by Article Three of the United States ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxation
A tax is a compulsory financial charge or some other type of levy imposed on a taxpayer (an individual or legal person, legal entity) by a governmental organization in order to fund government spending and various public expenditures (regional, local, or national), and tax compliance refers to policy actions and individual behaviour aimed at ensuring that taxpayers are paying the right amount of tax at the right time and securing the correct tax allowances and tax reliefs. The first known taxation took place in Ancient Egypt around 3000–2800 BC. A failure to pay in a timely manner (Tax noncompliance, non-compliance), along with evasion of or resistance to taxation, is punishable by law. Taxes consist of direct tax, direct or indirect taxes and may be paid in money or as its labor equivalent. Most countries have a tax system in place, in order to pay for public, common societal, or agreed national needs and for the functions of government. Some levy a flat tax, flat percentag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandamus
(; ) is a judicial remedy in the form of an order from a court to any government, subordinate court, corporation, or public authority, to do (or forbear from doing) some specific act which that body is obliged under law to do (or refrain from doing), and which is in the nature of public duty, and in certain cases one of a statutory duty. It cannot be issued to compel an authority to do something against statutory provision. For example, it cannot be used to force a lower court to take a specific action on applications that have been made, but if the court refuses to rule one way or the other then a mandamus can be used to order the court to rule on the applications. Mandamus may be a command to do an administrative action or not to take a particular action, and it is supplemented by legal rights. In the American legal system it must be a judicially enforceable and legally protected right before one suffering a grievance can ask for a mandamus. A person can be said to be aggrie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Ann Arbor is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan and the county seat of Washtenaw County, Michigan, Washtenaw County. The 2020 United States census, 2020 census recorded its population to be 123,851. It is the principal city of the Ann Arbor List of metropolitan statistical areas, Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses all of Washtenaw County. Ann Arbor is also included in the Metro Detroit, Greater Detroit Combined statistical area, Combined Statistical Area and the Great Lakes megalopolis, the most populated and largest Megaregions of the United States, megalopolis in North America. Ann Arbor is home to the University of Michigan. The university significantly shapes Ann Arbor's economy as it employs about 30,000 workers, including about 12,000 in the University of Michigan Health System, medical center. The city's economy is also centered on high technology, with several companies drawn to the area by the university's research and development infrastructure. Ann A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Washtenaw County, Michigan
Washtenaw County () is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. At the 2020 census, the population was 372,258. The county seat is Ann Arbor. The county was authorized by legislation in 1822 and organized as a county in 1826. Washtenaw County comprises the Ann Arbor Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is home to the University of Michigan, Eastern Michigan University, Washtenaw Community College, and Concordia University Ann Arbor. History First Nations' Territories The first peoples occupying the central portion of what is now Michigan included: "the Pottawattamies, the Chippewas, the Ottawas, the Wyandottes and the Hurons". Early tribes and Ojibwe etymology of the word: Wash-ten-ong". First nations whose territories included land within the Washtenaw County boundaries are shown to have included: Myaamia (Miami), Bodéwadmiké ( Potawatomi), Anishinabewaki ᐊᓂᔑᓈᐯᐗᑭ, Peoria, Meškwahki·aša·hina (Fox), and the Mississauga nation. Etymology of Wash ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salem Township, Washtenaw County, Michigan
Salem Township is a civil township of Washtenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 5,627 at the 2010 census. Communities * Brookeville is an unincorporated community located within the township at . * Salem is an unincorporated community located in the northeastern portion of the township at . It was first settled as early as 1825 when John and Joseph Dickinson moved to the area. A post office opened on June 4, 1831 under the name Rider's after its first postmaster Ira Rider. The post office was renamed Renwick on May 29, 1841 after postmaster George Renwick. The office was renamed Salem after the township on January 28, 1846 and operated until December 10, 1875. The Summit post office was transferred to Salem on December 15, 1876 and has remained active under the name Salem ever since. * Summit is a former settlement that began with a post office on May 1, 1833 as a stopover between Ann Arbor and Pontiac. The post office was closed and transferred to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
