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Pelageya Fedorovna Shajn
Pelageya Fedorovna Shajn, ''née'' Sannikova (Пелагея Фёдоровна Шайн) (22 September 1894 – 27 August 1956), was a Russian astronomer in the Soviet Union, and the first woman credited with the discovery of a minor planet, at the Simeiz Observatory in 1928. Pelageya also discovered numerous variable stars and co-discovered the periodic, Jupiter-family comet 61P/Shajn–Schaldach. She was married to prominent Soviet astronomer Grigory Shajn. Biography Pelageya Shajn was born in 1894 to a peasant family in the village Ostanin located in the Solikamsky District of the Perm Governorate. She was the wife of prominent Soviet astronomer Grigory Shajn, who was also her colleague at the Simeiz Observatory. Her maiden name was Sannikova (Санникова). In 1928, she discovered the asteroid 1112 Polonia, the first minor planet to be discovered by a woman. She died 27 August 1956, shortly after her husband had died on 4 August the same year. Awards and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minor Planet
According to the International Astronomical Union (IAU), a minor planet is an astronomical object in direct orbit around the Sun that is exclusively classified as neither a planet nor a comet. Before 2006, the IAU officially used the term ''minor planet'', but that year's meeting reclassified minor planets and comets into dwarf planets and small Solar System bodies (SSSBs).Press release, IAU 2006 General Assembly: Result of the IAU Resolution votes International Astronomical Union, August 24, 2006. Accessed May 5, 2008. Minor planets include asteroids ( |
C/1925 F1
This is a list of parabolic and hyperbolic comets in the Solar System. Many of these comets may come from the Oort cloud, or perhaps even have interstellar origin. The Oort Cloud is not gravitationally attracted enough to the Sun to form into a fairly thin disk, like the inner Solar System. Thus, comets originating from the Oort Cloud can come from roughly any orientation (inclination to the ecliptic), and many even have a retrograde orbit. By definition, a hyperbolic orbit means that the comet will only travel through the Solar System once, with the Sun acting as a gravitational slingshot, sending the comet hurtling out of the Solar System entirely unless its eccentricity is otherwise changed. Comets orbiting in this way still originate from the Solar System, however. Typically comets in the Oort Cloud are thought to have roughly circular orbits around the Sun, but their orbital velocity is so slow that they may easily be perturbed by passing stars and the galactic tide. Ast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1956 Deaths
Events January * January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan. * January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, Ed McCully, Jim Elliot and Pete Fleming, are killed for trespassing by the Huaorani people of Ecuador, shortly after making contact with them. * January 16 – Egyptian leader Gamal Abdel Nasser vows to reconquer Palestine. * January 25– 26 – Finnish troops reoccupy Porkkala, after Soviet troops vacate its military base. Civilians can return February 4. * January 26 – The 1956 Winter Olympics open in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy. February * February 11 – British spies Guy Burgess and Donald Maclean resurface in the Soviet Union, after being missing for 5 years. * February 14– 25 – The 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union is held in Moscow. * February 16 – The 1956 World Figure Skating Championships open in Garmisch, West Germany. * February ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1894 Births
Events January–March * January 4 – A military alliance is established between the French Third Republic and the Russian Empire. * January 7 – William Kennedy Dickson receives a patent for motion picture film in the United States. * January 9 – New England Telephone and Telegraph installs the first battery-operated telephone switchboard, in Lexington, Massachusetts. * February 12 ** French anarchist Émile Henry sets off a bomb in a Paris café, killing one person and wounding twenty. ** The barque ''Elisabeth Rickmers'' of Bremerhaven is wrecked at Haurvig, Denmark, but all crew and passengers are saved. * February 15 ** In Korea, peasant unrest erupts in the Donghak Peasant Revolution, a massive revolt of followers of the Donghak movement. Both China and Japan send military forces, claiming to come to the ruling Joseon dynasty government's aid. ** At 04:51 GMT, French anarchist Martial Bourdin dies of an accidental detonation of his ow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is a federally funded research and development center and NASA field center in the City of La Cañada Flintridge, California, United States. Founded in the 1930s by Caltech researchers, JPL is owned by NASA and managed by the nearby California Institute of Technology (Caltech). The laboratory's primary function is the construction and operation of planetary robotic spacecraft, though it also conducts Earth-orbit and astronomy missions. It is also responsible for operating the NASA Deep Space Network. Among the laboratory's major active projects are the Mars 2020 mission, which includes the '' Perseverance'' rover and the '' Ingenuity'' Mars helicopter; the Mars Science Laboratory mission, including the ''Curiosity'' rover; the InSight lander (''Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport''); the ''Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter''; the '' Juno'' spacecraft orbiting Jupiter; the ''SMAP'' satellite for earth surface ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1987 Kaplan
1987 Kaplan, provisional designation , is a stony Phocaea asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 14 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 11 September 1952, by Russian astronomer Pelageya Shajn at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named after Russian astrophysicist Samuil Kaplan. Orbit and classification ''Kaplan'' is a member of the Phocaea family (), a large family of stony asteroids with nearly two thousand known members. It orbits the Sun in the inner main belt at a distance of 1.8–2.9 AU once every 3 years and 8 months (1,343 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.23 and an inclination of 24 ° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Simeiz in September 1952. Physical characteristics ''Kaplan'' is an assumed S-type asteroid, in agreement with the overall spectral type of the Phocaea family. Rotation period Between 2000 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1954 Kukarkin
1954 Kukarkin ( ''prov. designation'': ) is an asteroid and slow rotator on an eccentric orbit from the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 15 August 1952, by Russian astronomer Pelageya Shajn at Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid has a exceptionally long rotation period of 136.4 hours and measures approximately in diameter. It was named after astronomer Boris Kukarkin. Orbit and classification ''Kukarkin'' orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.0–3.9 AU once every 5.03 years (1,838 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.31 and an inclination of 15 ° with respect to the ecliptic. No precoveries were taken prior to its discovery. Naming This minor planet is named after stellar astronomer Boris Vasilyevich Kukarkin (1909–1977), a well-known specialist for variable stars, the structure of stellar systems, and professor at Moscow State University. Kukarkin started and edited the General Catalogue o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1735 ITA
1735 ITA ( ''prov. designation'': ) is a carbonaceous asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 62 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 10 September 1948, by Soviet–Russian astronomer Pelageya Shajn at the Simeiz Observatory located on the Crimean peninsula. It was named for the Institute for Theoretical Astronomy (ITA) in what is now Saint Petersburg, Russia. Classification and orbit ''ITA'' orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.7–3.5 AU once every 5 years and 7 months (2,030 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.13 and an inclination of 16 ° with respect to the ecliptic. It was first identified as at Heidelberg Observatory in 1907, extending the body's observation arc by 41 years prior to its official discovery observation. Physical characteristics ITA has been characterized as a carbonaceous C-type asteroid. Lightcurves In November 2004, a rotational lightcurve was obtained by French amateur astro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1648 Shajna
1648 Shajna, provisional designation , is a stony asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 9 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 5 September 1935, by Russian astronomer Pelageya Shajn at Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. Two weeks later, it was independently discovered by Cyril Jackson at Johannesburg Observatory, South Africa. It was later named after the discoverer and her husband, Russian astronomers Grigory Shajn. Orbit and classification ''Shajna'' orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.8–2.7 AU once every 3 years and 4 months (1,221 days). Its well-determined orbit has an eccentricity of 0.21 and an inclination of 5 ° with respect to the ecliptic. In 1921, ''Shajna'' was first identified as at Heidelberg Observatory. Its first used observation was taken at Uccle in 1934, when it was identified as , extending the body's observation arc by one year prior to its official discovery observation. R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1390 Abastumani
1390 Abastumani ( ''prov. designation'': ) is a very large and dark background asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 3 October 1935, by Russian astronomer Pelageya Shajn at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The primitive P-type asteroid has a rotation period of 17.1 hours and measures approximately in diameter. It was named for the Georgian town of Abastumani. Orbit and classification The dark and reddish asteroid is classified as a rare P-type asteroid in the Tholen taxonomic scheme, of which only a few dozens bodies are currently known. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 3.3–3.6 AU once every 6 years and 4 months (2,326 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.03 and an inclination of 20 ° with respect to the ecliptic. The first used precovery was taken at Lowell Observatory in 1929, extending the asteroid's observation arc by 6 years prior to its discovery. Discovery ''Abastumani'' was discovered on 3 Octo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1369 Ostanina
1369 Ostanina ( ''prov. designation'': ) is a dark and elongated asteroid of the Meliboea family, located in the outer region of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 27 August 1935, by Soviet astronomer Pelageya Shajn at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The hydrated carbonaceous C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 8.4 hours and measures approximately in diameter. It was named for the Russian village of Ostanin, birthplace of the discoverer. Orbit and classification ''Ostanina'' orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.5–3.8 AU once every 5 years and 6 months (2,013 days; semi-major axis of 3.12 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.21 and an inclination of 14 ° with respect to the ecliptic. Based on the hierarchical clustering method (HCM) using the asteroid's proper orbital elements, ''Ostanina'' is a member of the Meliboea family (), a smaller asteroid family of a few hundred carbonaceous outer-belt asteroids. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1121 Natascha
1121 Natascha ( ''prov. designation'': ) is a background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 11 September 1928, by Soviet astronomer Pelageya Shajn at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The presumed S-type asteroid has rotation period of 13.2 hours and measures approximately in diameter. It was named for Natasha Tichomirova, daughter of astronomer Grigory Neujmin. Orbit and classification ''Natascha'' is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population. Conversely, the asteroid is also considered a core member of the disputed Astraea family. It orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.1–3.0 AU once every 4 years and 1 month (1,484 days; semi-major axis of 2.55 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.16 and an inclination of 6 ° with respect to the ecliptic. The asteroid was first observed as at Simeiz Observatory in March 1918. The body's observation arc begins at Heid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
