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Paus Nicolaas V Door Peter Paul Rubens
The Paus family () is a Norwegian family that first appeared as members of the elite of 16th-century Oslo and that for centuries belonged to Norway's "aristocracy of officials" as priests of the state church, judges and other higher government officials, especially in Upper Telemark. The family is particularly known for its close association with Henrik Ibsen. Two brothers from Oslo who both became priests, Hans (1587–1648) and Peder Povelsson Paus (1590–1653), have long been known as the family's earliest certain ancestors. In his book ''Slekten Paus'', S.H. Finne-Grønn traced the family two further generations back, to Hans Olufsson (died 1570), a high-ranking member of the royal clergy. The name Paus, believed to be of Middle Saxon or Middle Dutch origin, is known in Oslo since the 14th century, notably as the name of the Lawspeaker of Oslo Nikolas Paus (mentioned 1329–1347) and as the name of one of medieval Oslo's "city farms", ''Pausinn'' (mentioned 1324–1482). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paus Arms (simplified)
The Paus family () is a Norwegian family that first appeared as members of the elite of 16th-century Oslo and that for centuries belonged to Norway's " aristocracy of officials" as priests of the state church, judges and other higher government officials, especially in Upper Telemark. The family is particularly known for its close association with Henrik Ibsen. Two brothers from Oslo who both became priests, Hans (1587–1648) and Peder Povelsson Paus (1590–1653), have long been known as the family's earliest certain ancestors. In his book ''Slekten Paus'', S.H. Finne-Grønn traced the family two further generations back, to Hans Olufsson (died 1570), a high-ranking member of the royal clergy. The name Paus, believed to be of Middle Saxon or Middle Dutch origin, is known in Oslo since the 14th century, notably as the name of the Lawspeaker of Oslo Nikolas Paus (mentioned 1329–1347) and as the name of one of medieval Oslo's "city farms", ''Pausinn'' (mentioned 1324 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lawspeaker
A lawspeaker or lawman (Swedish language, Swedish: ''lagman'', Old Swedish: ''laghmaþer'' or ''laghman'', Danish language, Danish: ''lovsigemand'', Norwegian language, Norwegian: ''lagmann'', Icelandic language, Icelandic: , Faroese language, Faroese: ''løgmaður'', Finnish language, Finnish: ''laamanni'', kl, inatsitinuk) is a unique Scandinavian legal office. It has its basis in a common Germanic oral tradition, where wise people were asked to recite the law, but it was only in Scandinavia that the function evolved into an office. At first, lawspeakers represented the people, and their duties and authority were connected to the assemblies (thing (assembly), ''things''). For most of the last thousand years, however, they were part of the king's administration. Snorri Sturluson (1179–1241) of Iceland was a famous lawspeaker. He wrote about an 11th-century Torgny the Lawspeaker, lawspeaker named Torgny, but historians doubt the account. Sweden In Sweden, this office was the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tatiana Tolstoy-Paus
Tatiana "Tanja" Tolstoy-Paus (born Countess Tatyana Lvovna Tolstaya, russian: Графиня Татья́на Льво́вна Толста́я; 20 September 1914 – 29 January 2007) was a Russian-Swedish countess, socialite and a member of the Tolstoy family. She was the last surviving grandchild of Leo Tolstoy. She was born on her grandfather's estate Yasnaya Polyana, the daughter of novelist and sculptor Lev Lvovich Tolstoy and his Swedish wife Dora Westerlund. As a result of the Russian revolution, the family fled to Sweden in 1917. In 1940 she married Norwegian-born estate owner and former competitive skier Herman Paus, the owner of the major Herresta estate outside Stockholm. Her father-in-law Karl L. Paus was a first cousin of playwright Henrik Ibsen. They had four children.Nikolai Puzin, ''The Lev Tolstoy House-Museum In Yasnaya Polyana'', 1998 She was active in regional politics and as a philanthropist and socialite in Swedish society."Tanja Paus och Sonja Ceder till ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Södermanland
Södermanland ( or ), locally Sörmland, sometimes referred to under its Latin form ''Sudermannia'' or ''Sudermania'', is a historical province or ''landskap'' on the south eastern coast of Sweden. It borders Östergötland, Närke, Västmanland and Uppland. It is also bounded by lake Mälaren and the Baltic Sea. Södermanland means "(The) Land of the Southern Men", where the "southern men" (''södermännen'') were the people living south of Uppland. Administration The traditional provinces of Sweden serve no administrative or political purposes, but are historical and cultural entities. There is a corresponding administrative Södermanland County. However, the bulk of the population is within Stockholm County. Heraldry The coat of arms was granted in 1560. The arms is represented with a ducal coronet. Blazon: "Or, a Griffin rampant Sable beaked, langued, membered and armed Gules." The same CoA was granted for the county in 1940. Geography Södermanland is situated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herresta
Herresta is a large estate in Södermanland County in Sweden, located outside Mariefred. It has been in the possession of the Paus family since 1923. The manor lies beautifully adjacent to Herrestaviken, which was previously connected to Mälaren. Previous owners include Admiral Baron Jonas Fredrik Örnfelt. He built the main house in stone in 1718, using Russian prisoners of war. Count Johan Georg Lillienberg, who was Governor of Uppsala and President of the Appellate Court, among other offices, extended the manor substantially. In 1810, Herresta was sold to wealthy Stockholm businessman Carl Adolph Grevesmühl. His descendants sold the manor to the Norwegian count Christopher de Paus in 1923. Himself childless, he bequeathed the estate to a distant relative, Herman Paus, who was married to a granddaughter of Count Leo Tolstoy, the Russian novelist. The manor is currently owned by their descendants. As of 1907, the estate included ''Herresta säteri'' and additionally 13 agricu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estate (land)
An estate is a large parcel of land under single ownership, which would historically generate income for its owner. British context In the UK, historically an estate comprises the houses, outbuildings, supporting farmland, and woods that surround the gardens and grounds of a very large property, such as a country house, mansion, palace or castle. It is the modern term for a manor, but lacks a manor's now-abolished jurisdiction. The "estate" formed an economic system where the profits from its produce and rents (of housing or agricultural land) sustained the main household, formerly known as the manor house. Thus, "the estate" may refer to all other cottages and villages in the same ownership as the mansion itself, covering more than one former manor. Examples of such great estates are Woburn Abbey in Bedfordshire, England, and Blenheim Palace, in Oxfordshire, England, built to replace the former manor house of Woodstock. In a more urban context are the "Great Estates" in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paus & Paus
Paus & Paus AS is a former industrial company in Norway, active within the pulp and paper industry, chemical industry and pharmaceutical industry. It existed from 1906 from 2001, when it was acquired by Pemco PEMCO Insurance is a personal-lines mutual insurance company based in Seattle, Washington that serves only Washington and Oregon residents. History In 1936, Seattle school teacher Robert J. Handy took advantage of the newly legalized “credit .... A number of former subsidiary companies still exist. For many years it was one of the larger pulp and paper companies in eastern Norway. The company was founded by Alf Paus (1869–1945) and Georg F. Helmer and named ''Helmer & Paus'' in 1906. Three years later, Helmer left the company and Alf Paus' brother Nicolay ( Nissen) Paus became the new partner, and the company was renamed ''Paus & Paus''. From 1914, it was headquartered in Christiania and it became a limited company from 1918. In 1920 Alf and Nicolay Paus acquired a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drammen
Drammen () is a city and municipality in Viken (county), Viken, Norway. The port and river city of Drammen is centrally located in the south-eastern and most populated part of Norway. Drammen municipality also includes smaller towns and villages such as Konnerud, Svelvik, Mjøndalen and Skoger. Location Drammen is located west of the Oslofjord and is situated approximately 44 km South-west of Oslo. There are more than 101 000 inhabitants in the municipality, but the city is the regional capital of an area with 82 000 inhabitants. Drammen and the surrounding communities are growing more than ever before. The city makes good use of the river and inland waterway called Drammensfjord, both for recreation, activities and housing. Name and coat of arms The Old Norse form of the city's name was ''Drafn'', and this was originally the name of the inner part of Drammensfjord. The fjord is, however, probably named after the river Drammenselva (Norse ''Drǫfn''), and this again is der ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skien
Skien () is a city and municipality in Vestfold og Telemark county in Norway. In modern times it is regarded as part of the traditional region of Grenland, although historically it belonged to Grenmar/Skiensfjorden, while Grenland referred the Norsjø area and Bø. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Skien. Skien is also the capital of Vestfold og Telemark county. Skien is one of Norway's oldest cities, with an urban history dating back to the Middle Ages, and received privileges as a market town in 1358. From the 15th century, the city was governed by a 12-member council. The modern municipality of Skien was established on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). The rural municipalities of Gjerpen and Solum were merged into the municipality of Skien on 1 January 1964. The conurbation of Porsgrunn/Skien is reckoned by Statistics Norway to be the seventh largest urban area in Norway, straddling an area of three municipalities: Skien municipality (abou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merchant
A merchant is a person who trades in commodities produced by other people, especially one who trades with foreign countries. Historically, a merchant is anyone who is involved in business or trade. Merchants have operated for as long as industry, commerce, and trade have existed. In 16th-century Europe, two different terms for merchants emerged: referred to local traders (such as bakers and grocers) and ( nl, koopman) referred to merchants who operated on a global stage, importing and exporting goods over vast distances and offering added-value services such as credit and finance. The status of the merchant has varied during different periods of history and among different societies. In modern times, the term ''merchant'' has occasionally been used to refer to a businessperson or someone undertaking activities (commercial or industrial) for the purpose of generating profit, cash flow, sales, and revenue using a combination of human, financial, intellectual and physical capit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shipowner
A ship-owner is the owner of a merchant vessel (commercial ship) and is involved in the shipping industry. In the commercial sense of the term, a shipowner is someone who equips and exploits a ship, usually for delivering cargo at a certain freight rate, either as a per freight rate (given price for the transport of a certain cargo between two given ports) or based on hire (a rate per day). Shipowners typically hire a licensed crew and captain rather than take charge of the vessel in person. Usually the shipowner is organized through a company, but also people and investment funds can be ship owners. If owned by a ship company, the shipowner usually performs technical management of the vessel through the company, though this can also be outsourced or relayed onto the shipper through bareboat charter. Shipowners are usually members of a national Chamber of Shipping such as the UK Chamber of Shipping. The International Chamber of Shipping is the global organisation for shipow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ship's Captain
A sea captain, ship's captain, captain, master, or shipmaster, is a high-grade licensed mariner who holds ultimate command and responsibility of a merchant vessel.Aragon and Messner, 2001, p.3. The captain is responsible for the safe and efficient operation of the ship, including its seaworthiness, safety and security, cargo operations, navigation, crew management, and legal compliance, and for the persons and cargo on board. Duties and functions The captain ensures that the ship complies with local and international laws and complies also with company and flag state policies. The captain is ultimately responsible, under the law, for aspects of operation such as the safe navigation of the ship,Aragon and Messner, 2001, p.4. its cleanliness and seaworthiness,Aragon and Messner, 2001, p.5. safe handling of all cargo,Aragon and Messner, 2001, p.7. management of all personnel,Aragon and Messner, 2001, p.7-11. inventory of ship's cash and stores,Aragon and Messner, 2001, p.11-12. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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