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Paullinia Alata
''Paullinia'' is a genus of Flowering plant, flowering shrubs, small trees and lianas in the Sapindus, soapberry family, Sapindaceae, native to Tropics, tropical South America, Central America and the Caribbean. The genus is named after the German people, German medicine, medical botany, botanist Christian Franz Paullini, who discovered the genus in the Caribbean in the 18th century. ;Selected species *''Paullinia alata'' *''Guarana, Paullinia cupana'' Carl Sigismund Kunth, Kunth - Guaraná (Amazon Basin) *''Paullinia cururu'' *''Paullinia fuscescens'' *''Paullinia navicularis'' Ludwig Adolph Timotheus Radlkofer, Radlk. (Ecuador) *''Paullinia paullinioides'' *''Paullinia pinnata'' *''Paullinia plumieri'' *''Paullinia weinmannifolia'' *''Paullinia yoco'' - Yoco Uses Several uses are recorded. The fruit of several species are edible, with ''Guarana, P. cupana'' (Guaraná) being the most popular. Other species, notably ''Paullinia yoco, P. yoco'' (Yoco), are used as Herbalism, her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paullinia Cupana
Guaraná ( from the Portuguese ''guaraná'' ), ''Paullinia cupana'', syns. ''P. crysan, P. sorbilis'') is a climbing plant in the family Sapindaceae, native to the Amazon basin and especially common in Brazil. Guaraná has large leaves and clusters of flowers, and is best known for the seeds from its fruits, which are about the size of a coffee bean. As a dietary supplement or herb, guaraná seed is an effective stimulant: it contains about twice the concentration of caffeine found in coffee beans (about 2–8% caffeine in guarana seeds, compared to about 1–3% for coffee beans). The additive has gained notoriety for being used in energy drinks. As with other plants producing caffeine, the high concentration of caffeine is a defensive toxin that repels herbivores from the berry and its seeds. The colour of the fruit ranges from brown to red and it contains black seeds that are partly covered by white arils. The colour contrast when the fruit is split open has been compa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paullinia Alata
''Paullinia'' is a genus of Flowering plant, flowering shrubs, small trees and lianas in the Sapindus, soapberry family, Sapindaceae, native to Tropics, tropical South America, Central America and the Caribbean. The genus is named after the German people, German medicine, medical botany, botanist Christian Franz Paullini, who discovered the genus in the Caribbean in the 18th century. ;Selected species *''Paullinia alata'' *''Guarana, Paullinia cupana'' Carl Sigismund Kunth, Kunth - Guaraná (Amazon Basin) *''Paullinia cururu'' *''Paullinia fuscescens'' *''Paullinia navicularis'' Ludwig Adolph Timotheus Radlkofer, Radlk. (Ecuador) *''Paullinia paullinioides'' *''Paullinia pinnata'' *''Paullinia plumieri'' *''Paullinia weinmannifolia'' *''Paullinia yoco'' - Yoco Uses Several uses are recorded. The fruit of several species are edible, with ''Guarana, P. cupana'' (Guaraná) being the most popular. Other species, notably ''Paullinia yoco, P. yoco'' (Yoco), are used as Herbalism, her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paullinia Yoco
''Paullinia'' is a genus of flowering shrubs, small trees and lianas in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae, native to tropical South America, Central America and the Caribbean. The genus is named after the German medical botanist Christian Franz Paullini, who discovered the genus in the Caribbean in the 18th century. ;Selected species *''Paullinia alata'' *'' Paullinia cupana'' Kunth - Guaraná ( Amazon Basin) *'' Paullinia cururu'' *'' Paullinia fuscescens'' *'' Paullinia navicularis'' Radlk. (Ecuador) *'' Paullinia paullinioides'' *''Paullinia pinnata'' *'' Paullinia plumieri'' *'' Paullinia weinmannifolia'' *'' Paullinia yoco'' - Yoco Uses Several uses are recorded. The fruit of several species are edible, with '' P. cupana'' (Guaraná) being the most popular. Other species, notably '' P. yoco'' (Yoco), are used as herbal medicine for various treatments. The sap of some species, notably '' P. cururu'' is highly toxic, and is used as an arrow poison by Native American ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paullinia Weinmannifolia
''Paullinia'' is a genus of flowering shrubs, small trees and lianas in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae, native to tropical South America, Central America and the Caribbean. The genus is named after the German medical botanist Christian Franz Paullini, who discovered the genus in the Caribbean in the 18th century. ;Selected species *''Paullinia alata'' *'' Paullinia cupana'' Kunth - Guaraná ( Amazon Basin) *'' Paullinia cururu'' *'' Paullinia fuscescens'' *'' Paullinia navicularis'' Radlk. (Ecuador) *'' Paullinia paullinioides'' *''Paullinia pinnata'' *'' Paullinia plumieri'' *'' Paullinia weinmannifolia'' *''Paullinia yoco'' - Yoco Uses Several uses are recorded. The fruit of several species are edible, with '' P. cupana'' (Guaraná) being the most popular. Other species, notably '' P. yoco'' (Yoco), are used as herbal medicine for various treatments. The sap of some species, notably '' P. cururu'' is highly toxic, and is used as an arrow poison by Native American t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paullinia Plumieri
''Paullinia'' is a genus of flowering shrubs, small trees and lianas in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae, native to tropical South America, Central America and the Caribbean. The genus is named after the German medical botanist Christian Franz Paullini, who discovered the genus in the Caribbean in the 18th century. ;Selected species *''Paullinia alata'' *'' Paullinia cupana'' Kunth - Guaraná ( Amazon Basin) *'' Paullinia cururu'' *'' Paullinia fuscescens'' *'' Paullinia navicularis'' Radlk. (Ecuador) *'' Paullinia paullinioides'' *''Paullinia pinnata'' *'' Paullinia plumieri'' *''Paullinia weinmannifolia'' *''Paullinia yoco'' - Yoco Uses Several uses are recorded. The fruit of several species are edible, with '' P. cupana'' (Guaraná) being the most popular. Other species, notably '' P. yoco'' (Yoco), are used as herbal medicine for various treatments. The sap of some species, notably '' P. cururu'' is highly toxic, and is used as an arrow poison by Native American tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paullinia Pinnata
''Paullinia pinnata'' is a flowering plant species in the genus of ''Paullinia'' found in South America and Africa. The long flexible stems of ''P. pinnata'' are used to poison fish in shallow pools, as described by the English naturalist Henry Walter Bates in his book ''The Naturalist on the River Amazons''. Chemistry The plant contains the ceramide paullinomide A, β-amyrin, steroids, the coumarinolignoid 2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-2,3-dihydro-1,4,5-trioxaphenanthren-6-one, 5α-poriferastane-3ß,6α-diol and l-quebrachitol. It also contains the triterpenoids lupeyl steryl ether, 3-oxo-11α-hydroxyl-20(29)lupen and the lupeol-3-isovanniloyl ester paullinoyl (3-O-isovanilloyl-3R,5R,8R,9R,10R,13R,14S,17S,18R,19R-lup-20(29)-en), and the flavone glycosides diosmetin-7-O-(2‘ ‘-O-β-d-apiofuranosyl-6‘ ‘-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranoside) and tricetin-4‘-O-methyl-7-O-(2‘ ‘-O-β-d-apiofuranosyl-6‘ ‘-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranoside).Two New Flav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paullinia Paullinioides
''Paullinia paullinioides'' is a flowering plant species in the genus of ''Paullinia'' found in South America. It was first described in 1895, by Ludwig Adolph Timotheus Radlkofer. Description ''Paullinia paullinioides'' is a tropical liana. It has trifoliolate leaves with elliptic to ovate leaflets and fruit with spines long. Distribution ''Paullinia paullinioides'' is found in the Amazon Basin in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. It has also been observed in Venezuela. Ecology The species is host to the '' Muscodor vitigenus'' fungus that produces nearly pure naphthalene which acts as an insect repellent An insect repellent (also commonly called "bug spray") is a substance applied to skin, clothing, or other surfaces to discourage insects (and arthropods in general) from landing or climbing on that surface. Insect repellents help prevent and cont .... References {{Taxonbar, from=Q15527797 Plants described in 1895 Flora of the Amazon Flora of Colombia Flora of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecuador
Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ''Ekuatur Nunka''), is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about west of the mainland. The country's capital and largest city is Quito. The territories of modern-day Ecuador were once home to a variety of Indigenous groups that were gradually incorporated into the Inca Empire during the 15th century. The territory was colonized by Spain during the 16th century, achieving independence in 1820 as part of Gran Colombia, from which it emerged as its own sovereign state in 1830. The legacy of both empires is reflected in Ecuador's ethnically diverse population, with most of its mill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Adolph Timotheus Radlkofer
Ludwig Adolph Timotheus Radlkofer (19 December 1829, in Munich – 16 February 1927, in Munich), was a Bavarian taxonomist and botanist. Radlkofer became a physician in 1854 and earned a PhD in botany at Jena the following year. He became an associate professor of botany at the University of Munich in 1859 as well as deputy director of the botanical garden and herbarium. In 1892 he was named director of the Botanical Museum. He was made emeritus professor in 1913 and died in 1927 in the same room in which he was born. Radlkofer's main work was on the family Sapindaceae. His collections, sent by botanists from all over the world, are housed in Munich. The South African flower ''Greyia radlkoferi'' is named for him, as are the South American based genera of '' Radlkoferotoma'', and '' Radlkofera'', a monotypic genus of flowering plants from Africa belonging to the family Sapindaceae. The former genus ''Radlkoferella'' (a wastebasket genus) is now called ''Pouteria'',. Publishe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paullinia Navicularis
''Paullinia navicularis'' is a species of plant in the family Sapindaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ''Eku .... References Endemic flora of Ecuador navicularis Vulnerable plants Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{sapindales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paullinia Fuscescens
''Paullinia'' is a genus of flowering shrubs, small trees and lianas in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae, native to tropical South America, Central America and the Caribbean. The genus is named after the German medical botanist Christian Franz Paullini, who discovered the genus in the Caribbean in the 18th century. ;Selected species *''Paullinia alata'' *'' Paullinia cupana'' Kunth - Guaraná ( Amazon Basin) *'' Paullinia cururu'' *'' Paullinia fuscescens'' *'' Paullinia navicularis'' Radlk. (Ecuador) *'' Paullinia paullinioides'' *''Paullinia pinnata'' *''Paullinia plumieri'' *''Paullinia weinmannifolia'' *''Paullinia yoco'' - Yoco Uses Several uses are recorded. The fruit of several species are edible, with ''Guarana, P. cupana'' (Guaraná) being the most popular. Other species, notably ''Paullinia yoco, P. yoco'' (Yoco), are used as Herbalism, herbal medicine for various treatments. The Plant sap, sap of some species, notably ''Paullinia cururu, P. cururu'' is highly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paullinia Cururu
''Paullinia'' is a genus of flowering shrubs, small trees and lianas in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae, native to tropical South America, Central America and the Caribbean. The genus is named after the German medical botanist Christian Franz Paullini, who discovered the genus in the Caribbean in the 18th century. ;Selected species *''Paullinia alata'' *'' Paullinia cupana'' Kunth - Guaraná (Amazon Basin) *'' Paullinia cururu'' *''Paullinia fuscescens'' *'' Paullinia navicularis'' Radlk. (Ecuador) *'' Paullinia paullinioides'' *''Paullinia pinnata'' *''Paullinia plumieri'' *''Paullinia weinmannifolia'' *''Paullinia yoco'' - Yoco Uses Several uses are recorded. The fruit of several species are edible, with '' P. cupana'' (Guaraná) being the most popular. Other species, notably '' P. yoco'' (Yoco), are used as herbal medicine for various treatments. The sap of some species, notably '' P. cururu'' is highly toxic, and is used as an arrow poison by Native American tribes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
