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Paul Szécs
Paul from the kindred Szécs ( hu, Szécs nembeli Pál), also known as Paul of Komárom ( hu, Komáromi Pál; died 1306 or 1307), was a Hungarian nobleman and landowner who was lord of Komárno, Komárom (present-day Komárno, Slovakia) from the 1280s. He came to prominence during the last regnal years of Andrew III of Hungary. Family relationships As a majority of contemporary sources style him simply as "Paul of Komárom", his kinship origin is uncertain and problematic. 19th-century historian and archivist Károly Ráth concatenated his career to the suppositional early political activity of Charles I of Hungary's influential baron Paul Nagymartoni, claiming that the two Pauls, ''ispán''s of Győr County at the end of the 13th century and the beginning of the 14th century were, in fact, the same person. Decades later, historian Mór Wertner considered Paul belonged to the Koppán (genus), ''gens'' Koppán, as this clan owned the majority of the estates in Komárom County. Hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Komárno
Komárno, ( hu, Komárom, german: Komorn, sr, Коморан, translit=Komoran), colloquially also called ''Révkomárom, Öregkomárom, Észak-Komárom'' in Hungarian language, Hungarian; is a town in Slovakia at the confluence of the Danube and the Váh rivers. Historically it was formed by the "old town" on the left bank of Danube, present day Komárno in Slovakia, and by a "new town" on the right bank, present day Komárom in Hungary, which were historically one administrative unit. Following World War I and the Treaty of Trianon, the border of the newly created Czechoslovakia cut the historical, unified town in half, creating two new independent towns in two countries. Komárno and Komárom are connected by the Elisabeth Bridge, which used to be an official border crossing between Slovakia and Hungary until border checks were lifted due to the Schengen Area rules. In 2020, a new road bridge was opened. Komárno is Slovakia's principal port on the Danube. It is also the cente ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lodomer
Lodomer ( hu, Lodomér; died 2 January 1298) was a prelate in the Kingdom of Hungary in the second half of the 13th century. He was Archbishop of Esztergom between 1279 and 1298, and Bishop of Várad (now Oradea in Romania) from 1268 till 1279. He was an opponent of Ladislaus IV of Hungary whom he excommunicated for failing to force the Cumans to adopt the Christian way of life. After Ladislaus' death, Lodomer and his suffragans were dedicated supporters of Andrew III of Hungary, who aimed to restore strong royal power against the rebellious lords and oligarchs. Theories of origin Lodomer or Ladomer was presumably born in the 1230s, not long before the First Mongol invasion of Hungary. He had an unnamed sister, the mother of Thomas, also an Archbishop of Esztergom, who studied in the University of Padua, courtesy of Lodomer. His ancestry, parentage and kinship relations have long been disputed among historians. Based on alleged "old manuscripts", 18th-century historian Miklós Sch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Familiares
In the Middle Ages, a ''familiaris'' (plural ''familiares''), more formally a ''familiaris regis'' ("familiar of the king") or ''familiaris curiae''In medieval documents, ''curiae'' may also be spelled ''curiæ'' or ''curie''. ("of the court"), was, in the words of the historian W. L. Warren, "an intimate, a familiar resident or visitor in the oyalhousehold, a member of the ''familia'', that wider family which embraces servants, confidents, and close associates." Warren adds that the term "defies adequate translation", but is distinct from courtier, "for the king employed his ''familiares'' on a variety of administrative tasks." The ''familiares'' of a king are collectively referred to as the ''familia regis'', which evolved into a private royal council—in England during the reign of Henry III (1216–72) and in France during that of Philip V (1316–22). In England, it was known as the ''concilium familiare'' or ''concilium privatum'' (Privy Council) and in France as the ''m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter I Csák
Peter (I) from the kindred Csák ( hu, Csák nembeli (I.) Péter; ''c''. 1240 – 1283 or 1284) was a powerful Hungarian baron, landowner and military leader, who held several secular positions during the reign of kings Stephen V and Ladislaus IV. His son and heir was the oligarch Matthew III Csák, who, based on his father and uncles' acquisitions, became the ''de facto'' ruler of his domain independently of the king and usurped royal prerogatives on his territories. Family He was born into the ''gens'' Csák as the youngest son of Matthew I Matthew I may refer to: *Matthew I Csák Matthew (I) from the kindred Csák ( hu, Csák nembeli (I.) Máté; sk, Matúš Čák I; ? – 1245/1249) was a powerful Hungarian baron of king Béla IV, the first known member of the Trencsén branch o ..., founder and first member of the Trencsén branch, who served as Master of the treasury (1242–1245), and Margaret from an unidentified noble family.Markó 2006, p. 220. Peter's elder brothe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transdanubia
Transdanubia ( hu, Dunántúl; german: Transdanubien, hr, Prekodunavlje or ', sk, Zadunajsko :sk:Zadunajsko) is a traditional region of Hungary. It is also referred to as Hungarian Pannonia, or Pannonian Hungary. Administrative divisions Traditional interpretation The borders of Transdanubia are the Danube River (north and east), the Drava and Mura rivers (south), and the foothills of the Alps roughly along the border between Hungary and Austria (west). Transdanubia comprises the counties of Győr-Moson-Sopron, Komárom-Esztergom, Fejér, Veszprém, Vas, Zala, Somogy, Tolna, Baranya and the part of Pest that lies west of the Danube. (In the early Middle Ages the latter was known as Pilis county.) This article deals with Transdanubia in this geographical meaning. Territorial changes While the northern, eastern and southern borders of the region are clearly marked by the Danube and Drava rivers, the western border was always identical with the political boundary of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kőszegi Family
The Kőszegi ( hr, Gisingovci) was a noble family in the Kingdom of Hungary and the Kingdom of Croatia in the 13–14th centuries. The ancestor of the family, Henry the Great descended from the ''gens'' ("clan") Héder. Henry's paternal great-grandfather was the clan's co-founder Wolfer. Notable members * Henry I the Great ( fl. 1237–1274), Palatine of Hungary ** Nicholas I ( fl. 1266–1299), Palatine of Hungary *** Nicholas II ( fl. 1314–1332), Master of the horse, ancestor of the ''Rohonci family'' *** John, ancestor of the ''Béri family'' ** Ivan ( fl. 1266–1308), Palatine of Hungary *** Gregory ( fl. 1287–1297), Master of the stewards for the Prince **** Nicholas III ( fl. 1308–1313), Master of the treasury **** Andrew ( fl. 1311–1324), ''ispán'' of Vas County; last member who bore the Kőszegi nameEngel: ''Genealógia'' (Genus Héder 4., Kőszegi branch) *** a daughter, married Dominic N *** John the "Wolf" ( fl. 1325–1382), ancestor of the ''Bernstein'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Csák (genus)
Csák was the name of a ''gens'' (Latin for "clan"; ''nemzetség'' in Hungarian) in the Kingdom of Hungary. Origin The ''Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum'' ("Deeds of the Huns and Hungarians") records that the ancestor of the family was Szabolcs, son of chieftain Előd, the leader of one of the seven Magyar tribes.Pál Engel, Andrew Ayton, Tamás Pálosfalvi The realm of St. Stephen: a history of medieval Hungary, 895-1526 895-1526, I.B.Tauris, 2005, p. 85. The ''gens'' divided into 12 branches and several families in the course of the centuries. The Csáky de Mihály family also belongs to the Csák gens.Iván Nagy, István FriebeiszMagyarország családai: Czimerekkel és nemzékrendi táblákkal, Volumes 3-4 Kiadja Friebeisz I., 1858, p. 67 Notable members of the clan *Csák, ancestor and denominator of the ''gens'' Csák *Ugrin (12th century), ''ispán'' Ugod branch :''The numbering means within the branch.'' * Luka ** Demetrius I (fl. 1217–1254), judge royal (1233–1234; 124 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyula Kristó
Gyula Kristó (11 July 1939 – 24 January 2004) was a Hungarian historian and medievalist, member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences The Hungarian Academy of Sciences ( hu, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, MTA) is the most important and prestigious learned society of Hungary. Its seat is at the bank of the Danube in Budapest, between Széchenyi rakpart and Akadémia utca. Its ma .... Life Gyula Kristó was born in Orosháza on 11 July 1939. He studied at the József Attila University Szeged between 1957 and 1962. Awards *For the 1300-Year-Old Bulgaria (1981) *Albert Szentgyörgyi Prize (1994) Works *''A vármegyerendszer kialakulása Magyarországon'' he Development of the Counties in Hungary(1988) *''A magyar állam megszületése'' he Birth of the Hungarian State Sources * 20th-century Hungarian historians Historians of Hungary Members of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences University of Szeged alumni 1939 births 2004 deaths People from Orosháza [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sopron
Sopron (; german: Ödenburg, ; sl, Šopron) is a city in Hungary on the Austrian border, near Lake Neusiedl/Lake Fertő. History Ancient times-13th century When the area that is today Western Hungary was a province of the Roman Empire, a city called ''Scarbantia'' stood here. Its forum was located where the main square of Sopron can be found today. During the Migration Period, Scarbantia was believed to be deserted. When Hungarians arrived in the area, the city was in ruins. From the 9th to the 11th centuries, Hungarians strengthened the old Roman city walls and built a castle. The city was named in Hungarian after a castle steward named ''Suprun''. In 1153, it was mentioned as an important city. In 1273, King Otakar II of Bohemia occupied the castle. Even though he took the children of Sopron's nobility with him as hostages, the city opened its gates when the armies of King Ladislaus IV of Hungary arrived. Ladislaus rewarded Sopron by elevating it to the rank of free ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Law And Order (politics)
In modern politics, law and order is the approach focusing on harsher enforcement and penalties as ways to reduce crime. Penalties for perpetrators of disorder may include longer terms of imprisonment, mandatory sentencing, three-strikes laws and even capital punishment in some countries. This has been credited with facilitating greater militarisation of police and contributing to mass incarceration in the United States. Supporters of "law and order" argue that incarceration is the most effective means of crime prevention. Opponents argue that a system of harsh criminal punishment is ultimately ineffective because it self-perpetuates crime and does not address underlying or systemic causes of crime. Despite the widespread popularity of "law and order" ideas and approaches between the 1960s to the 1980s exemplified by presidential candidates including Richard Nixon and Ronald Reagan running successfully on a "tough-on-crime" platform, statistics on crime showed a significa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matthew II Csák
Matthew (II) from the kindred Csák ( hu, Csák nembeli (II.) Máté; sk, Matúš Čák II; ro, Matei Csáki al II-lea; ''c''. 1235 – 1283 or 1284) was a powerful Hungarian baron, landowner and military leader, who held several secular positions during the reign of kings Béla IV, Stephen V and Ladislaus IV. He was the first notable member of the Trencsén branch of the ''gens'' ("clan") Csák. His nephew and heir was the oligarch Matthew III Csák, who, based on his uncles' acquisitions, became the ''de facto'' ruler of his domain independently of the king and usurped royal prerogatives on his territories. Family He was born around 1235 as one of the four sons of Matthew I, founder and first member of the Trencsén branch, who served as master of the treasury (1242–1245), and Margaret from an unidentified noble family.Markó 2006, p. 219. Matthew II's brothers were Mark I, ispán (''comes'') of Hont County in 1247, but there is no further information about him; Stephen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle On The Marchfeld
The Battle on the Marchfeld (''i.e. Morava Field''; german: Schlacht auf dem Marchfeld; cs, Bitva na Moravském poli; hu, Morvamezei csata) at Dürnkrut and Jedenspeigen took place on 26 August 1278 and was a decisive event for the history of Central Europe for the following centuries. The opponents were a Bohemian (Czech) army led by the Přemyslid king Ottokar II of Bohemia and the German army under the German king Rudolph I of Habsburg in alliance with King Ladislaus IV of Hungary. With 15,300 mounted troops, it was one of the largest cavalry battles in Central Europe during the Middle Ages. The Hungarian cavalry played a significant role in the outcome of the battle. King Ottokar II of Bohemia expanded his territories considerably from 1250 to 1273, but suffered a devastating defeat in November 1276, when the newly elected German king Rudolph I of Habsburg imposed the Imperial ban on Ottokar, declaring him an outlaw and took over Ottokar's holdings in Austria, Carinthia, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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