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Patibular Fork
A patibular fork was a gallows that consisted of two or more columns of stone, with an horizontal beam of wood resting on top. Placed high and visible from the main public thoroughfare, it signalled the seat of high justice, the number of stone columns indicating the holder's title. Those condemned to death were Hanging, hanged from the wooden beam, their bodies left on the gallows for passers-by to see and for crows to devour. Although sometimes used in the singular, the term "patibular forks" is usually written in the plural. Etymology From the Latin ''patibulum'' ("cross", "gallows", "pole"). The origin of the term comes from the forks used by the Ancient Rome, Romans to punish slaves. After stripping the slaves of their clothes, the slaves' head was passed through a fork and their body was attached to the same piece of wood to be beaten with sticks. Patibular forks should not be confused with Pillory#Similar humiliation devices, patibular ladders or Pillory, patibular mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hausbuch Wolfegg 11r Saturn
Master of the Housebook and Master of the Amsterdam Cabinet are two names used for an engraver and Painting, painter working in South Germany in the last quarter of the 15th century. He is apparently the first artist to use drypoint, a form of engraving, for all of his prints (other than woodcuts he may have designed). The first name derives from his book of drawings with watercolour, called the Medieval Housebook, which belonged to the German noble family of Waldburg-Wolfegg from the 17th century until 2008, when they were reported to have sold it for €20 million to a Swiss buyer; however, the legality of its sale for export has been challenged and, for the moment, it remains with the family. In 1999, the book was lent to the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., for an exhibitionThe majority of his surviving prints are in the print room at the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, hence his second name. Most, but not all, art historians still agree that the Housebook and the print ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Auguste, Duke Of Maine
Louis-Auguste de Bourbon, duc du Maine (31 March 1670 – 14 May 1736) was an illegitimate son of Louis XIV and his official mistress, Madame de Montespan. The king's favourite son, he was the founder of the semi-royal House of Bourbon-Maine named after his title and his surname. Biography Louis-Auguste de Bourbon was born at the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye on 31 March 1670. He was named ''Louis'' after his father''Athénaïs:The Real Queen of France'' by Lisa Hilton, p.153 and ''Auguste'' after the Roman Emperor Augustus. Immediately after his birth, Louis-Auguste was placed in the care of one of his mother's acquaintances, the widowed Madame Scarron, who took him to live in a house on rue de Vaugirard, near the Luxembourg Palace in Paris. His siblings, Louis-César, Louise-Françoise and Louise Marie Anne de Bourbon were also brought there after their births. Their mother, living with the king at Versailles, rarely saw her children, and Madame Scarron took the place o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Instruments Of Torture
Torture is the deliberate infliction of severe pain or suffering on a person for reasons such as punishment, extracting a confession, interrogation for information, or intimidating third parties. Some definitions are restricted to acts carried out by the state, but others include non-state organizations. Torture has been carried out since ancient times. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, Western countries abolished the official use of torture in the judicial system, but torture continued to be used throughout the world. A variety of methods of torture are used, often in combination; the most common form of physical torture is beatings. Since the twentieth century, many torturers have preferred non-scarring or psychological methods to provide deniability. Torturers are enabled by organizations that facilitate and encourage their behavior. Most victims of torture are poor and marginalized people suspected of crimes, although torture against political prisoners or d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Execution Methods
This is a list of methods of capital punishment, also known as execution. Current methods Ancient methods Many of the former methods combine execution with torture, often intending to make a spectacle of pain and suffering with overtones of sadistic personality disorder, sadism, cruelty, intimidation, and dehumanisation. See also * Capital punishment in Judaism References 00000000 External links Death Penalty Worldwide:Academic research database on the laws, practice, and statistics of capital punishment for every death penalty country in the world. {{DEFAULTSORT:Capital Punishment Methods Crime-related lists Execution methods, Law-related lists Death-related lists ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medieval Law
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and transitioned into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: classical antiquity, the medieval period, and the modern period. The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, High, and Late Middle Ages. Population decline, counterurbanisation, the collapse of centralized authority, invasions, and mass migrations of tribes, which had begun in late antiquity, continued into the Early Middle Ages. The large-scale movements of the Migration Period, including various Germanic peoples, formed new kingdoms in what remained of the Western Roman Empire. In the 7th century, North Africa and the Middle East—most recently part of the Eastern Roma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Court Leet
The court leet was a historical court baron (a type of manorial court) of England and Wales and Ireland that exercised the "view of frankpledge" and its attendant police jurisdiction, which was normally restricted to the hundred courts. Etymology of leet The word "leet", as used in reference to special court proceedings, dates from the late 13th century, from Anglo-French ''lete'' and Anglo-Latin ''leta'' of unknown origin, with a possible connection to the verb "let". Early history At a very early time in medieval England, the Lord of the Manor exercised or claimed certain feudal rights over his serfs and feudal tenants. The exercise of those rights was combined with manorial administrative concerns, in his court baron. However this court had no power to deal with criminal acts. Criminal jurisdiction was held by the hundred courts; the country was divided into hundreds, and there was a hundred court for each of them. Each hundred comprised 100 hides, with each hide be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vitry-en-Perthois
Vitry-en-Perthois () is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France. History Vitry-en-Perthois was called ''Vitry-le-Brûlé'' (Vitry the burnt) after being burnt two times; in 1142 by the armies of Louis VII of France and in 1544 by the armies of Charles V. Geography The Chée flows into the Saulx in the northern part of the commune. The Saulx forms part of the commune's eastern border, then flows westward through the commune and crosses the village. See also *Communes of the Marne department The following is a list of the 613 communes in the French department of Marne. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):Vitryenperthois {{Marne-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Château De Kerjean
Château de Kerjean is a 16th-century fortified chateau (manor house) located close to the town of Saint-Vougay, in the Finistère department of Brittany, France. It was originally built for members of the Barbier family (later titled as Marquis de Kerjean) between the 1540s and 1590s. The chateau was damaged in the 1790s during the French Revolution, and fell into further disrepair during the 19th century. The building was taken into state care in 1911 and restored in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Standing in a 20-hectare park, the house, park and some out-lying structures (including a large dovecote) are open to the public. History Finistère was a thriving agricultural area in the 16th century, and the Barbier family built a fortified house on their estate lands close to Saint-Vougay. The building followed contemporary fashions and included elements of Renaissance architecture of the house itself, with a slightly less common bastioned and casemated external defensi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finistère
Finistère (, ; br, Penn-ar-Bed ) is a department of France in the extreme west of Brittany. In 2019, it had a population of 915,090.Populations légales 2019: 29 Finistère INSEE History  The present department consists of the historical region of and parts of and
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Plourin
Plourin (; ) is a commune in the Finistère department of Brittany in north-western France. Population Inhabitants of Plourin are called in French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ... ''Plourinois''. See also * Communes of the Finistère department References External links Official website *Mayors of Finistère Association Communes of Finistère {{Finistère-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judas Iscariot
Judas Iscariot (; grc-x-biblical, Ἰούδας Ἰσκαριώτης; syc, ܝܗܘܕܐ ܣܟܪܝܘܛܐ; died AD) was a disciple and one of the original Twelve Apostles of Jesus Christ. According to all four canonical gospels, Judas betrayed Jesus to the Sanhedrin in the Garden of Gethsemane by kissing him on the cheek and addressing him as "master" to reveal his identity in the darkness to the crowd who had come to arrest him. His name is often used synonymously with betrayal or treason. The Gospel of Mark gives no motive for Judas's betrayal, but does present Jesus predicting it at the Last Supper, an event also described in all the other gospels. The Gospel of Matthew states that Judas committed the betrayal in exchange for thirty pieces of silver. The Gospel of Luke and the Gospel of John suggest that he was possessed by Satan. According to , after learning that Jesus was to be crucified, Judas attempted to return the money he had been paid for his betrayal to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corvus
''Corvus'' is a widely distributed genus of medium-sized to large birds in the family Corvidae. It includes species commonly known as crows, ravens and Rook (bird), rooks. The species commonly encountered in Europe are the carrion crow, the hooded crow, the common raven and the rook (bird), rook; those discovered later were named "crow" or "raven" chiefly on the basis of their size, crows generally being smaller. The genus name is Latin for "crow". The List of Corvus species, 45 or so members of this genus occur on all temperate continents except South America, and several islands. The ''Corvus'' genus makes up a third of the species in the family Corvidae. The members appear to have evolved in Asia from the corvid stock, which had evolved in Australia. The collective noun, collective name for a group of crows is a "flock" or a "murder". Recent research has found some crow species capable of not only Tool use by animals, tool use, but also tool construction. Crows are now consi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
