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Partition
Partition may refer to: Computing Hardware * Disk partitioning, the division of a hard disk drive * Memory partition, a subdivision of a computer's memory, usually for use by a single job Software * Partition (database), the division of a database * Logical partition (LPAR), a subset of a computer's resources, virtualized as a separate computer Problems * Binary space partitioning * Partition problem, an NP-complete problem in computer science Mathematics * Partition (number theory), a way to write a number as a sum of other numbers * Multiplicative partition, a way to write a number as a product of other numbers * Partition of an interval * Partition of a set * Partition of unity, a certain kind of set of functions on a topological space * Plane partition * Graph partition Natural science * Partition function (quantum field theory) * Partition function (statistical mechanics) * Partition coefficient, a concept in organic chemistry Law and politics * Partitio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partition Of India
The Partition of British India in 1947 was the Partition (politics), change of political borders and the division of other assets that accompanied the dissolution of the British Raj in South Asia and the creation of two independent dominions: Dominion of India, India and Dominion of Pakistan, Pakistan. The Dominion of India is today the India, Republic of India, and the Dominion of Pakistan—which at the time comprised two regions lying on either side of India—is now the Pakistan, Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the Bangladesh, People's Republic of Bangladesh. The partition was outlined in the Indian Independence Act 1947. The change of political borders notably included the division of two provinces of British India, Bengal Presidency, Bengal and Punjab Province (British India), Punjab. The majority Muslim districts in these provinces were awarded to Pakistan and the majority non-Muslim to India. The other assets that were divided included the British Indian Army, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partitions Of Poland
The Partitions of Poland were three partition (politics), partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that took place toward the end of the 18th century and ended the existence of the state, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland and Lithuania for 123 years. The partitions were conducted by the Habsburg monarchy, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the Russian Empire, which divided up the Commonwealth lands among themselves progressively in the process of territorial seizures and annexations. The First Partition of Poland, First Partition was decided on August 5, 1772 after the Bar Confederation lost the war with Russia. The Second Partition of Poland, Second Partition occurred in the aftermath of the Polish–Russian War of 1792 and the Targowica Confederation of 1792 when Russian and Prussian troops entered the Commonwealth and the partition treaty was signed during the Grodno Sejm on January 23, 1793 (without Austria). The Third Partition of Poland, Third Partition to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partition Of Bengal (1947)
The Partition of Bengal in 1947, part of the Partition of India, divided the British Indian province of Bengal based on the Radcliffe Line between the Dominion of India and the Dominion of Pakistan. The Hindu-majority West Bengal became a state of India, and the Muslim-majority East Bengal (now Bangladesh) became a province of Pakistan. On 20 June 1947, the Bengal Legislative Assembly met to decide the future of the Bengal Presidency on being a United Bengal within India or Pakistan or divided into East and West Bengal. At the preliminary joint session, the assembly decided by 120-90 that it should remain united if it joined the new Constituent Assembly of Pakistan. Later, a separate meeting of legislators from West Bengal decided 58-21 that the province should be partitioned and that West Bengal should join the existing Constituent Assembly of India. In another separate meeting of legislators from East Bengal, it was decided 106-35 that the province should not be partition ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partition (politics)
In politics, a partition is a change of political borders cutting through at least one territory considered a homeland by some community.Brendan O'LearyDEBATING PARTITION: JUSTIFICATIONS AND CRITIQUES Arguments for * historicist – that partition is inevitable, or already in progress * last resort – that partition should be pursued to avoid the worst outcomes (genocide or large-scale ethnic expulsion), if all other means fail * cost–benefit – that partition offers a better prospect of conflict reduction than the if existing borders are not changed * better tomorrow – that partition will reduce current violence and conflict, and that the new more homogenized states will be more stable * rigorous end – heterogeneity leads to problems, hence homogeneous states should be the goal of any policy Arguments against * national territorial unity will be lost * bi-nationalism and multi-nationalism are not undesirable * the impossibility of a just partition * difficult in d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partition Of Quebec
The partition of Quebec refers to the secession of regions of the province of Quebec, rather than to partitions in a strict political sense. It is usually discussed as a possibility in the event of Quebec secession from Canada. It was not a key issue in either the 1980 Referendum on Quebec Sovereignty or the 1995 Referendum on Quebec Sovereignty, but dominated the politics of national unity for about two years in the aftermath of the second referendum. Since then, the issue has occasionally resurfaced (for example in the 2007 provincial election). Partition proposals Broadly speaking, partition proposals have tended to fall into three categories: ; 1. New borders based on a return to historical boundaries that predate the Confederation of 1867. : The logic here is that the separation of Quebec would represent an end to a constitutional deal in which Quebec was granted stewardship over certain lands which would revert to their former sovereign owners if Quebec were to leave ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Disk Partitioning
Disk partitioning or disk slicing is the creation of one or more regions on secondary storage, so that each region can be managed separately. These regions are called partitions. It is typically the first step of preparing a newly installed disk, before any file system is created. The disk stores the information about the partitions' locations and sizes in an area known as the partition table that the operating system reads before any other part of the disk. Each partition then appears to the operating system as a distinct "logical" disk that uses part of the actual disk. System administrators use a program called a partition editor to create, resize, delete, and manipulate the partitions. Partitioning allows the use of different filesystems to be installed for different kinds of files. Separating user data from system data can prevent the system partition from becoming full and rendering the system unusable. Partitioning can also make backing up easier. A disadvantage is that i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graph Partition
In mathematics, a graph partition is the reduction of a graph to a smaller graph by partitioning its set of nodes into mutually exclusive groups. Edges of the original graph that cross between the groups will produce edges in the partitioned graph. If the number of resulting edges is small compared to the original graph, then the partitioned graph may be better suited for analysis and problem-solving than the original. Finding a partition that simplifies graph analysis is a hard problem, but one that has applications to scientific computing, VLSI circuit design, and task scheduling in multiprocessor computers, among others. Recently, the graph partition problem has gained importance due to its application for clustering and detection of cliques in social, pathological and biological networks. For a survey on recent trends in computational methods and applications see . Two common examples of graph partitioning are minimum cut and maximum cut problems. Problem complexity Typic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partition Of Bengal (1905)
The first Partition of Bengal (1905) was a territorial reorganization of the Bengal Presidency implemented by the authorities of the British Raj. The reorganization separated the largely Muslim eastern areas from the largely Hindu western areas. Announced on 19 July 1905 by Lord Curzon, the then Viceroy of India, and implemented on 16 October 1905, it was undone a mere six years later. The nationalists saw the partition as a challenge to Indian nationalism and that it was a deliberate attempt to divide Bengal on religious grounds, with a Muslim majority in the east and a Hindu majority in the west. The Hindus of West Bengal complained that the division would make them a minority in a province that would incorporate the province of Bihar and Orissa. Hindus were outraged at what they saw as a " divide and rule" policy, even though Curzon stressed it would produce administrative efficiency. The partition animated the Muslims to form their own national organization along c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partition Coefficient
In the physical sciences, a partition coefficient (''P'') or distribution coefficient (''D'') is the ratio of concentrations of a compound in a mixture of two immiscible solvents at equilibrium. This ratio is therefore a comparison of the solubilities of the solute in these two liquids. The partition coefficient generally refers to the concentration ratio of un-ionized species of compound, whereas the distribution coefficient refers to the concentration ratio of all species of the compound (ionized plus un-ionized). In the chemical and pharmaceutical sciences, both phases usually are solvents. Most commonly, one of the solvents is water, while the second is hydrophobic, such as 1-octanol. Hence the partition coefficient measures how hydrophilic ("water-loving") or hydrophobic ("water-fearing") a chemical substance is. Partition coefficients are useful in estimating the distribution of drugs within the body. Hydrophobic drugs with high octanol-water partition coefficients are ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partition (number Theory)
In number theory and combinatorics, a partition of a positive integer , also called an integer partition, is a way of writing as a summation, sum of positive integers. Two sums that differ only in the order of their summands are considered the same partition. (If order matters, the sum becomes a composition (combinatorics), composition.) For example, can be partitioned in five distinct ways: : : : : : The order-dependent composition is the same partition as , and the two distinct compositions and represent the same partition as . A summand in a partition is also called a part. The number of partitions of is given by the partition function . So . The notation means that is a partition of . Partitions can be graphically visualized with Young diagrams or Ferrers diagrams. They occur in a number of branches of mathematics and physics, including the study of symmetric polynomials and of the symmetric group and in group representation, group representation theory in genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partition Of Ireland
The partition of Ireland ( ga, críochdheighilt na hÉireann) was the process by which the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland divided History of Ireland (1801–1923), Ireland into two self-governing polities: Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland (1921–22), Southern Ireland. It was enacted on 3 May 1921 under the Government of Ireland Act 1920. The Act intended both territories to remain within the United Kingdom and contained provisions for their eventual United Ireland, reunification. The smaller Northern Ireland was duly created with a devolution, devolved Government of Northern Ireland (1921–1972), government (Home Rule) and remained part of the UK. The larger Southern Ireland was not recognised by most of its citizens, who instead recognised the self-declared 32-county Irish Republic. On 6 December 1922, a year after the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, the territory of Southern Ireland left the UK and became the Irish Free State, now the R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plane Partition
In mathematics and especially in combinatorics, a plane partition is a two-dimensional array of nonnegative integers \pi_ (with positive integer indices ''i'' and ''j'') that is nonincreasing in both indices. This means that : \pi_ \ge \pi_ and \pi_ \ge \pi_ for all ''i'' and ''j''. Moreover, only finitely many of the \pi_ may be nonzero. Plane partitions are a generalization of partitions of an integer. A plane partition may be represented visually by the placement of a stack of \pi_ unit cubes above the point (''i'', ''j'') in the plane, giving a three-dimensional solid as shown in the picture. The image has matrix form : \begin 4 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 1\\ 4 & 3 & 1 & 1\\ 3 & 2 & 1\\ 1 \end Plane partitions are also often described by the positions of the unit cubes. From this point of view, a plane partition can be defined as a finite subset \mathcal of positive integer lattice points (''i'', ''j'', ''k'') in \mathbb^3, such that if (''r'', ''s'', ''t'') lies in \mathcal and if (i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
