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Paresi–Waura Languages
The Pareci–Xingu languages, also known as Paresi–Waura or Central Maipurean, are Maipurean / Arawakan languages of the Bolivian and western Brazilian Amazon. Languages Kaufman (1994) gives the following breakdown: *Paresí group ** Paresí also known as Parecís, Haliti **Saraveca also known as Sarave ''(†)'' *Waurá group ** Waura– Mehináku also known as Wauja, Meinaku **Yawalapiti The Yawalapiti (also Jaulapiti, Yaulapiti, or Yawalapití) are an indigenous tribe in the Amazonian Basin of Brazil. The name is also spelled Iaualapiti in Portuguese. The current village Yawalapiti is situated more to the south, between the Tu ... also known as Jaulapiti ** Custenau also known as Kustenaú ''(†)'' More recent works by Fabre (2005) as well as Brandão and Facundes (2007) include Enawene Nawe in a subgroup with Paresí. References Arawakan languages {{IndigenousAmerican-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maipurean Languages
Arawakan (''Arahuacan, Maipuran Arawakan, "mainstream" Arawakan, Arawakan proper''), also known as Maipurean (also ''Maipuran, Maipureano, Maipúre''), is a language family that developed among ancient indigenous peoples in South America. Branches migrated to Central America and the Greater Antilles in the Caribbean and the Atlantic, including what is now the Bahamas. Almost all present-day South American countries are known to have been home to speakers of Arawakan languages, the exceptions being Ecuador, Uruguay, and Chile. Maipurean may be related to other language families in a hypothetical Macro-Arawakan stock. Name The name ''Maipure'' was given to the family by Filippo S. Gilij in 1782, after the Maipure language of Venezuela, which he used as a basis of his comparisons. It was renamed after the culturally more important Arawak language a century later. The term ''Arawak'' took over, until its use was extended by North American scholars to the broader Macro-Arawakan propo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paresi Language
Paresi (also called Haliti-Paresi or Paresi-Haliti by the speakers themselves) is an Arawakan language spoken in Brazil. There are approximately 2000 Paresi people, and around 1800 (~90% of the population) speak the language. The Paresi live in the state of Mato Grosso, more specifically in nine indigenous territories: Rio Formoso, Utiariti, Estação Parecis, Estivadinho, Pareci, Juininha, Figueira, Ponte de Pedra, and Uirapuru. In terms of endangerment, it is not in immediate danger. It is used in many everyday domains, but there is a lack of transmission to younger generations, as well as an evident language shift to Portuguese. This is a result of Portuguese being used in education and healthcare, as well as the integration of Brazilian culture among the Paresi people, creating changes in their language and cultural practices. Background information History Paresi speaking people were deeply affected by contact with Portuguese colonizers, whom they first encountered in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saraveca Language
Saraveca is an extinct Arawakan language once spoken in Bolivia by the Sarave. It is saidEncyclopædia Britannica, "Numerals and numeral systems". to be the only language with a numeral system based exclusively on five, although quinary systems exist. To some extent this is also an areal feature of other South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe ...n languages; many form their numbers 6–9 as "five + one", "five + two" and so on. References Languages of Bolivia Languages of Argentina Extinct languages of South America Arawakan languages Mamoré–Guaporé linguistic area {{Arawakan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waura Language
The Waura or Wauja (waujá) are an indigenous people of Brazil. Their language, Waura, is an Arawakan language. They live in the region near the Upper Xingu River, in the Xingu Indigenous Park, and had a population of 487 in 2010. History The Waura and Mehinako, two Arawakan-speaking tribes native to the Upper Xingu River, are likely descendants of various tribes which came into the region in roughly the 9th or 10th century CE. Archaeological records going back to the time between 1000 and 1600 suggest that the people living in the region were mostly sedentary, with relatively large communities. These villages were built around a central plaza, and were defended with ditches and palisades. Archaeological evidence from the region suggests a strong relationship with a band of Aruak tribes stretching from the Upper Xingu to modern day Bolivia. It is unknown what sort of relationship the Aruak-speaking people of the Upper Xingu River had with other, Carib-speaking tribes, although t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mehináku Language
Mehináku (Meinaku) is an Arawakan language spoken by the Mehinaku people in the Xingu Indigenous Park of Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ....Seki, Lucy. 2011Alto Xingu: uma área linguística?In: Franchetto, Bruna (ed.), Alto Xingu: uma sociedade multilíngue', p. 57-85. Rio de Janeiro: Museu do Índio/FUNAI. One dialect, Waurá-kumá, is "somewhat intelligible" with Waurá due to influence from this language. Phonology Mehináku features five vowels /a e i ɨ u/ which can be either oral or nasal /ã ẽ ĩ ɨ̃ ũ/. The language has thirteen consonants. References Arawakan languages Languages of Xingu Indigenous Park {{Arawakan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yawalapiti Language
The Yawalapiti (also Jaulapiti, Yaulapiti, or Yawalapití) are an indigenous peoples, indigenous tribe in the Amazon Basin, Amazonian Basin of Brazil. The name is also spelled Iaualapiti in Portuguese language, Portuguese. The current village Yawalapiti is situated more to the south, between the Tuatuari and Kuluene River. Their population in 2011 was 156, down from a 2010 population of 237 (2010) but up from a low of 25 in 1954. The Yawalapiti live in the Xingu Indian Park, in Xingu River, Upper Xingu region along with Kiabi, Yudja and Suya tribes. The ways of life of these four tribes are quite similar despite having different languages. Their villages are situated around Lake Ipavu, which is six kilometres from the Kuluene River. Language The Yawalapiti language is a Paresi–Waura languages, Central Maipuran, part of the Maipuran language family, which are Arawakan languages. Yawalapiti is related to the Waurá language, Waurá and Mehináku languages. Description of villages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Custenau Language
Custenau (Kustenaú) is an extinct Arawakan language of Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area .... References Arawakan languages {{Arawakan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enawene Nawe Language
Enawene Nawe (Enawené-Nawé, Enawenê-Nawê, Eneuene-Mare), also known as , is an Arawakan language of Brazil spoken by about 570 people living in the Juruena River basin area, and more specifically along the Iquê river in the state of Mato Grosso. Classification Aikhenvald (1999) classifies Enawene Nawe as a South Arawak language together with Terena, Lapachu and Moxo. However, more recent works by both Fabre (2005) and Brandão & Facundes (2007) consider the language to form a subgroup with Paresi in the Paresi–Xingu branch of Arawakan languages. Phonology Consonants Enawene Nawe is described by Zorthêa (2006) as having 15 contrastive consonants. Among these, the following allophonic variations are reported: Vowels Enawene Nawe is described by Zorthêa (2006) as having 4 oral vowel A nasal vowel is a vowel that is produced with a lowering of the soft palate (or velum) so that the air flow escapes through the nose and the mouth simultane ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |