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Paramillo Tapaculo
The Paramillo tapaculo (''Scytalopus canus'') is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. Taxonomy It has traditionally included the more widespread '' S. opacus'' as a subspecies, but under the common name Paramo tapaculo (a name now used exclusively for ''S. opacus''). The two have different voices, leading to them being split into separate species in 2010. Distribution and habitat The Paramillo tapaculo is endemic to humid highland scrub in the Cordillera Occidental in Colombia. At present it is only known from Páramo de Paramillo and Páramo de Frontino (also known as Paramo del Sol). It may occur elsewhere in the Cordillera Occidental of Colombia. It is restricted to a narrow swath of treeline vegetation (scrub, stunted trees and ''Polylepis'' woodland) situated between montane forest and Páramo grasslands that is often just hundreds of meters wide. Description The Paramillo tapaculo resembles other ''Scytalopus'' tapaculos, being overall dark grey, but lackin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frank Chapman (ornithologist)
Frank Michler Chapman (June 12, 1864 – November 15, 1945) was an American ornithologist and pioneering writer of field guides. Biography Chapman was born in West Englewood, New Jersey and attended Englewood Academy. He joined the staff of the American Museum of Natural History in 1888 as assistant to Joel Asaph Allen. In 1901 he was made associate Curator of Mammals and Birds and in 1908 Curator of Birds. Chapman came up with the original idea for the Audubon Christmas Bird Count. He also wrote many ornithological books such as, ''Bird Life'', ''Birds of Eastern North America'', and ''Life in an Air Castle''. Chapman promoted the integration of photography into ornithology, especially in his book ''Bird Studies With a Camera'', in which he discussed the practicability of the photographic blind and in 1901 invented his own more portable version of a blind using an umbrella with a large 'skirt' to conceal the photographer that could be bundled into a small pack for transpor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montane Forest
Montane ecosystems are found on the slopes of mountains. The alpine climate in these regions strongly affects the ecosystem because temperatures fall as elevation increases, causing the ecosystem to stratify. This stratification is a crucial factor in shaping plant community, biodiversity, metabolic processes and ecosystem dynamics for montane ecosystems. Dense montane forests are common at moderate elevations, due to moderate temperatures and high rainfall. At higher elevations, the climate is harsher, with lower temperatures and higher winds, preventing the growth of trees and causing the plant community to transition to montane grasslands, shrublands or alpine tundra. Due to the unique climate conditions of montane ecosystems, they contain increased numbers of endemic species. Montane ecosystems also exhibit variation in ecosystem services, which include carbon storage and water supply. Life zones As elevation increases, the climate becomes cooler, due to a decrease in a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemic Birds Of Colombia
The following is a list of the 83 known endemic bird species in Colombia (about 4% of Colombian species) with notes about their general distribution. Twenty-three (28%) of the species are found only in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta The Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (English: ''Snow-Covered Mountain Range of Saint Martha'') is an isolated mountain range in northern Colombia, separate from the Andes range that runs through the north of the country. Reaching an elevation of ..., an isolated mountain range in northern Colombia with a very high degree of endemism. Endemic bird list Image gallery Image:Ortalis garrula.jpg, ''Ortalis garrula'' Image:Ortalis columbiana.JPG, ''Ortalis columbiana'' Image:Crax albertiPCCA20051227-1981B.jpg, ''Crax alberti'' Image:RhamphomicronDorsaleKeulemans.jpg, ''Ramphomicron dorsale'' Image:MonographTrochi4Goul 0226.jpg, ''Coeligena prunellei'' Image:MonographTrochi5Goul 0116.jpg, ''Amazilia castaneiventris'' Image:Capito hypoleucus.jpg, ''Capi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Birds Of The Colombian Andes
Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton. Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the ostrich. There are about ten thousand living species, more than half of which are passerine, or "perching" birds. Birds have whose development varies according to species; the only known groups without wings are the extinct moa and elephant birds. Wings, which are modified forelimbs, gave birds the ability to fly, although further evolution has led to the loss of flight in some birds, including ratites, penguins, and diverse endemic island species. The digestive and respiratory systems of birds are also uniquely adapted for flight. Some bird species of aquatic environments, particularly seabirds and some waterbirds, have further evolved for swimming. Bird ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of National Parks Of Colombia
The protected areas of Colombia are grouped into the National System of Protected Areas (Colombia), National System of Protected Areas. As of 2018, there are 59 nationally protected areas which cover about and represent more than 14% of the country's area. National Natural Park System The National Natural Park System is divided into the following categories: * National Natural Parks (''Parque Natural Nacional'' - PNN): 43 * Fauna and Flora Sanctuaries (''Sanctuario de Flora y Fauna'' - SFF): 12 * National Natural Reserves (''Reserva Natural Nacional'' - RNN): 2 * Unique Natural Areas (''Área Natural Única'' - ANU): 1 * Road park (''Vía Parque''): 1 List of Nationally Protected Areas Proposed areas Currently there are other proposed areas for national natural parks: * Morichales de Paz de Ariporo The following locations could be declared fauna and flora sanctuaries: * Bosque Seco del Patía Fauna and Flora Sanctuary, Bosque Seco del Patía * Serranía de Pinche * Ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fenwick's Antpitta
The Urrao antpitta (''Grallaria urraoensis''), also known as Fenwick's antpitta, is a highly threatened species of bird found in the understory of cloud forest in the Andean highlands of Colombia. The first published description used the scientific name ''Grallaria fenwickorum'' (and English name Fenwick's antpitta); shortly afterward, a second description using the name ''Grallaria urraoensis'' was published. The editors of the latter recognized that the name likely was a junior synonym,Cadena and Stiles (2010) but others have questioned the validity of the first description,Sandoval & Claramunt 2011Claramunt et al. 2014 and various authorities, including the International Ornithological Congress, have adopted ''G. urraoensis''. Antioquia antpitta has been suggested as an English-language name compromise. Discovery The new species was discovered during banding sessions in September 2007Carantón and Certuche (2010). and February and March 2008 when Diego Carantón, then working ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dusky Starfrontlet
The dusky starfrontlet (''Coeligena orina''), also known as glittering starfrontlet, is an Endangered species of hummingbird in the "brilliants", tribe Heliantheini in subfamily Lesbiinae. It is endemic to a few small areas in western Colombia.HBW and BirdLife International (2020) ''Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world'' Version 5. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v5_Dec20.zip xls zipped 1 MBretrieved 27 May 2021 Taxonomy and systematics The dusky starfrontlet was originally known from a single museum specimen collected in 1951 and described as a full species in 1953. In 1988 its status was reassessed as a subspecies of golden-bellied starfrontlet (''Coeligena bonapartei''). It was rediscovered in 2004, in what is now the Colibri del Sol Bird Reserve, and additional specimens confirmed its identity as a species. It and the buff-winged starfro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colibri Del Sol Bird Reserve
Hummingbird of the Sun, known in Spanish as Colibri del Sol Bird Reserve, is a 731 ha nature reserve in Colombia. It lies at the base of the Páramo del Sol volcanic massif west of the city of Medellín in the Antioquia Department, Department of Antioquia. It was established on October 6, 2005, by Fundación ProAves, a non-profit organization, non-profit environmental organization that owns and manages several reserves in Colombia. History Following an expedition to the Páramo de Frontino, Antioquia, Frontino in 2004, researchers rediscovered two extremely range-restricted Endemism, endemic species, the dusky starfrontlet and the chestnut-bellied flowerpiercer. In 2005, a large bird reserve was established across the paramo and montane forest by Fundacion ProAves and named after the dusky starfrontlet. Birds Other locally endemic birds are the Fenwick's antpitta and Paramillo tapaculo. Other key species include the rusty-faced parrot, Andean pygmy owl, ocellated tapaculo, m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fundación ProAves
Fundación ProAves is a nonprofit environmental organization in Colombia established in 1998. Its primary aims are to protects birds of conservation concern and their habitats across Colombia. ProAves has over 60 full-time professional staff. Its 21 conservation programs have resulted in the creation of the largest private reserve system to protect endangered species in the country (28 strategic bird reserves protecting and 68% of all threatened birds in Colombia). Its achievements include significant reforestation efforts, the management of a national bird banding and monitoring program (285,000 records, 90,000 birds banded), management of three community properties that adjoin reserves through municipality agreements, the establishment of the first Colombian conservation easement, discovery of three bird species new to science, the establishment of three national, annual environmental awareness campaigns (Palm Sunday, Migratory Bird Festival and Paujil Bird Festival), and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scytalopus
''Scytalopus'' is a genus of small passerine birds belonging to the tapaculo group. They are found in South and Central America from Tierra del Fuego to Costa Rica, but are absent from the Amazon Basin. They inhabit dense vegetation at or near ground-level and are mainly found in mountainous regions, particularly the Andes. They can be very difficult to see as they run through the undergrowth in a mouse-like fashion. Description They are plump with short tails that often are held cocked. Depending on species, the total length is 10–14 cm (4-5½ in). Their plumage is blackish or grey. Several species have brown bellies, rumps or flanks; often with some barring. A few have white crowns or eyebrows. Juveniles of most species are browner and have barred flanks. Many species are essentially impossible to separate by their plumage, but songs and calls are often distinctive and important for species identification. Behavior Their diet consists mainly of insects. Little is known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Páramo
Páramo () can refer to a variety of alpine tundra ecosystems located in the Andes Mountain Range, South America. Some ecologists describe the páramo broadly as "all high, tropical, montane vegetation above the continuous timberline". A narrower term classifies the páramo according to its regional placement in the northern Andes of South America and adjacent southern Central America. The páramo is the ecosystem of the regions above the continuous forest line, yet below the permanent snowline. It is a "Neotropical high mountain biome with a vegetation composed mainly of giant rosette plants, shrubs and grasses". According to scientists, páramos may be "evolutionary hot spots", that meaning that it's among the fastest evolving regions on Earth. Location The Northern Andean Páramo global ecoregion includes the Cordillera Central páramo (Ecuador, Peru), Santa Marta páramo (Colombia), Cordillera de Merida páramo (Venezuela) and Northern Andean páramo (Colombia, Ecuador) ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polylepis
''Polylepis'' is a genus comprising 28 recognised shrub and tree species, that are endemic to the mid- and high-elevation regions of the tropical Andes. This group is unique in the rose family in that it is predominantly wind-pollinated. They are usually gnarled in shape, but in certain areas some trees are 15–20 m tall and have 2 m-thick trunks. The foliage is evergreen, with dense small leaves, and often having large amounts of dead twigs hanging down from the underside of the canopy. The name ''Polylepis'' is, in fact, derived from the Greek words poly (many) plus letis (layers), referring to the shredding, multi-layered bark that is common to all species of the genus. The bark is thick and rough and densely layered for protection against low temperatures. Some species of ''Polylepis'' form woodlands growing well above normal tree line within grass and scrub associations at elevations over 5000 m; which makes ''Polylepis'' appear to be the highest naturally occurring arbor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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