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Papilio Sakontala
''Papilio sakontala'' is a species of swallowtail butterfly from the genus ''Papilio'' that is found in India. Taxonomy The taxonomic rank of ''Papilio sakontala'' is uncertain. It is a member of the ''fuscus'' species-group. The members of this clade are * '' Papilio albinus'' Wallace, 1865 * '' Papilio diophantus'' Grose-Smith, 1883 * '' Papilio fuscus'' Goeze, 1779 * '' Papilio hipponous'' C. & R. Felder, 1862 * '' Papilio jordani'' Fruhstorfer, 1906 * ''Papilio pitmani'' Elwes & de Nicéville, 887/small> * ''Papilio prexaspes'' C. & R. Felder, 1865 * ''Papilio sakontala'' Hewitson, 1864 References External linksThe Global Butterfly Information SystemImages of holotype deposited in the Natural History Museum, London The Natural History Museum in London is a museum that exhibits a vast range of specimens from various segments of natural history. It is one of three major museums on Exhibition Road in South Kensington, the others being the Science Museum an .... Tax ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Chapman Hewitson
William Chapman Hewitson (9 January 1806, in Newcastle upon Tyne – 28 May 1878, in Oatlands Park, Surrey) was a British naturalist. A wealthy collector, Hewitson was particularly devoted to Coleoptera (beetles) and Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) and, also, to birds' nests and eggs. His collection of butterflies, collected by him as well as purchased from travellers throughout the world, was one of the largest and most important of his time. He contributed to and published many works on entomology and ornithology and was an accomplished scientific illustrator. Life William Hewitson was educated in York. He became a land-surveyor and was for some time employed under George Stephenson on the London and Birmingham Railway. Delicate health and the accession to an ample fortune through the death of a relative led him to give up his profession and he afterwards devoted himself to scientific studies. He lived for a time at Bristol and Hampstead. In 1848 he purchased ten or tw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papilio Fuscus
''Papilio fuscus'', the Canopus swallowtail, is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae, that is found on Timor, northern Australia, and New Guinea. The wingspan is about 80 mm. The larvae feed on Rutaceae species. Subspecies *''P. f. fuscus'' (Buru, Ambon, Serang) *''P. f. alorensis'' Rothschild, 1894 (Alor) *''P. f. beccarii'' Oberthür, 1880 (western Irian, north-western New Guinea) *''P. f. canopinus'' Rothschild, 1895 (Romang, Leti Islands) *''P. f. canopus'' Westwood, 1842 (north-western Australia, Northern Territory) *''P. f. capaneus'' Westwood, 1843 (Cape York to northern New South Wales) *''P. f. cilix'' Godman & Salvin, 1879 (New Hanover, New Ireland) *''P. f. croton'' Fruhstorfer, 1904 (Damar) *''P. f. hasterti'' Ribbe, 1907 (Bougainville, Choiseul) *''P. f. hypsicles'' Hewitson, 1868 (New Hebrides) *''P. f. hypsiclides'' Rothschild, 1894 (Wetar) *''P. f. indicatus'' Butler, 1876 (southern New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, D'Entrecasteaux, Woodlark, Lousi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Butterflies Described In 1864
Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises the large superfamily Papilionoidea, which contains at least one former group, the skippers (formerly the superfamily "Hesperioidea"), and the most recent analyses suggest it also contains the moth-butterflies (formerly the superfamily "Hedyloidea"). Butterfly fossils date to the Paleocene, about 56 million years ago. Butterflies have a four-stage life cycle, as like most insects they undergo complete metamorphosis. Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which their larvae, known as caterpillars, will feed. The caterpillars grow, sometimes very rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in a chrysalis. When metamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits, the adult insect climbs out, and after its wings have expanded and dried, it fli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natural History Museum, London
The Natural History Museum in London is a museum that exhibits a vast range of specimens from various segments of natural history. It is one of three major museums on Exhibition Road in South Kensington, the others being the Science Museum and the Victoria and Albert Museum. The Natural History Museum's main frontage, however, is on Cromwell Road. The museum is home to life and earth science specimens comprising some 80 million items within five main collections: botany, entomology, mineralogy, palaeontology and zoology. The museum is a centre of research specialising in taxonomy, identification and conservation. Given the age of the institution, many of the collections have great historical as well as scientific value, such as specimens collected by Charles Darwin. The museum is particularly famous for its exhibition of dinosaur skeletons and ornate architecture—sometimes dubbed a ''cathedral of nature''—both exemplified by the large ''Diplodocus'' cast that domina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type (biology)
In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. In other words, a type is an example that serves to anchor or centralizes the defining features of that particular taxon. In older usage (pre-1900 in botany), a type was a taxon rather than a specimen. A taxon is a scientifically named grouping of organisms with other like organisms, a set that includes some organisms and excludes others, based on a detailed published description (for example a species description) and on the provision of type material, which is usually available to scientists for examination in a major museum research collection, or similar institution. Type specimen According to a precise set of rules laid down in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) and the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), the scientific name of every taxon is almost al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papilio Prexaspes
''Papilio prexaspes'', the blue Helen, is a swallowtail butterfly found in Southeast Asia. The race found in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, ''Papilio prexaspes andamanicus'' (earlier placed under ''Papilio fuscus''), is also known as the Andaman Helen. Description The taxonomic description below is of race ''prexaspes'' and is taken from Charles Thomas Bingham's 1907 book (in the public domain): Closely resembles '' Papilio chaon'', from which it differs as follows: smaller; fore wing more produced, its termen concave. Male has the ground colour of the upperside of the wings a more brownish sooty-black. Hind wing with the upper discal white patch extended into interspace 4, most usually very slightly so, often represented only by a very small spot of white scaling, a white spot also above the tornal angle. Underside, fore wing: the internervular brownish-yellow streaks limited to the apical area of the wing. Hind wing: the upper discal patch extended to the dorsum in a ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papilio Pitmani
''Papilio pitmani'' is a species of swallowtail butterfly from the genus ''Papilio'' that is found in Burma, Thailand and Vietnam. Subspecies *''Papilio pitmani pitmani'' *''Papilio duboisi'' Vitalis de Salvaza, 1921 (central Vietnam) Taxonomy ''Papilio pitmani'' is a member of the ''fuscus'' species-group. The members of this clade are * '' Papilio albinus'' Wallace, 1865 * '' Papilio diophantus'' Grose-Smith, 1883 * '' Papilio fuscus'' Goeze, 1779 * '' Papilio hipponous'' C. & R. Felder, 1862 * '' Papilio jordani'' Fruhstorfer, 1906 * ''Papilio pitmani'' Elwes & de Nicéville, 887/small> * ''Papilio prexaspes'' C. & R. Felder, 1865 * '' Papilio sakontala'' Hewitson, 1864 References External linksThe Global Butterfly Information SystemImages of specimens deposited in the Natural History Museum, London The Natural History Museum in London is a museum that exhibits a vast range of specimens from various segments of natural history. It is one of three major museums on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papilio Jordani
''Papilio jordani'', the Jordan's swallowtail, is a vulnerable species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is endemic to northern Sulawesi in Indonesia. Taxonomy ''Papilio jordani'' is a member of the ''fuscus'' species group. The members of this clade are: * '' Papilio albinus'' Wallace, 1865 * '' Papilio diophantus'' Grose-Smith, 1883 * ''Papilio fuscus'' Goeze, 1779 * '' Papilio hipponous'' C. & R. Felder, 1862 * ''Papilio jordani'' Fruhstorfer, 1906 * ''Papilio pitmani'' Elwes & de Nicéville, 887/small> * ''Papilio prexaspes'' C. & R. Felder, 1865 * ''Papilio sakontala'' Hewitson, 1864 Etymology It was named to honour German entomologist Karl Jordan. References External linksThe Global Butterfly Information SystemImages of male syntype deposited in the Natural History Museum, London The Natural History Museum in London is a museum that exhibits a vast range of specimens from various segments of natural history. It is one of three major museums on Exhibi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papilio Hipponous
''Papilio hipponous'' is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Philippines. The larvae feed on ''Citrus'' species. Subspecies *''Papilio hipponous bazilanus'' Fruhstorfer, 1899 (Philippines (Basilan, Mindanao)) *''Papilio hipponous daku'' (Page & Treadaway, 2003) (Philippines (Marinduque, Mindoro)) *''Papilio hipponous gamay'' (Page & Treadaway, 2003) (Philippines (Balabac, Palawan)) *''Papilio hipponous hipponous'' (Philippines (Camiguin de Luzon, Luzon)) *''Papilio hipponous leptosephus'' Fruhstorfer, 1909 (Assam) *''Papilio hipponous lunifer'' Rothschild, 1894 (Talaud, Sangie Islands) *''Papilio hipponous lynn'' (Page & Treadaway, 2003) (Philippines (Cuyo Islands)) *''Papilio hipponous madil'' (Page & Treadaway, 2003) (Philippines (Busuanga)) *''Papilio hipponous palpag'' (Page & Treadaway, 2003) (Philippines (Sanga Sanga, Sibuti, Tawitawi)) *''Papilio hipponous rolandi'' (Page & Treadaway, 2003) (Philippines (Panay, Bohol, Siquijor, Negros)) Taxono ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papilio Diophantus
''Papilio diophantus'' is a species of swallowtail butterfly from the genus ''Papilio'' that is found in Sumatra. Description Upperside. Dark brown. Anterior wing broader and not so curved on the costal margin as in ''Papilio helenus'' , which it resembles on the upperside. Posterior wing with a tail more spatulate than in ''P. Helenus'', and tipped with cream colour,marked from the costal margin to the third hranch of the median nervule by a large cream-coloured spot, divided by the nervures into four parts, the lowest much smaller and more lunular than the other three parts. Underside. Anterior wing with longitudinal rays of pale brown, narrowing from the centre of the wing to the interior margin to a band of same colour as the spot. The posterior wing has at the base of the costa, and between the costal and subcostal nervures, two broad lines of red, the latter nearly twice as long as the former, the large spot as above continued across the wing to the inner margin by a narr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papilio Albinus
''Papilio albinus'' is a species of swallowtail butterfly from the genus ''Papilio'' that is found in west Western New Guinea and Papua New Guinea. The species was first described by Alfred Russel Wallace in 1865. Subspecies *''Papilio albinus albinus'' (West Irian) *''Papilio albinus lesches'' Godman & Salvin, 1880 (New Guinea) *''Papilio albinus yapenensis'' Goode 2012 (Yapen Island, New Guinea) *''Papilio albinus yahukimo'' Goode, 2012 (Papua, Yayawijaya Mountains) Goode, M., 2012: Notes on ''Papilio albinus'' Wallace, 1865 (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) from Papua, Indonesia including descriptions of new subspecies. ''Sugapa'' (''Suara Serangga Papua'') 7 (2): 37–59. Taxonomy ''Papilio albinus'' is a member of the ''fuscus'' species group. The members of this clade are * ''Papilio albinus'' Wallace, 1865 * ''Papilio diophantus'' Grose-Smith, 1883 * ''Papilio fuscus'' Goeze, 1779 * ''Papilio hipponous'' C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862 * ''Papilio jordani'' Fruhstorfer, 1906 * ''P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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