|
Panaque
The genus ''Panaque'' contains a small number of small to medium-sized South American suckermouth armoured catfishes that are notable for being among the very few vertebrates that feed extensively on wood. In addition, algae and aufwuchs are an important part of the diet, and they use their rasping teeth to scrape this from rocks. These fish are also popular aquarium fish, where the sound of scraping as these fish forage for food is easily audible. Taxonomy '' Scobinancistrus'' and '' Panaqolus'' are sometimes considered to be subgenera of this genus. Species There are currently seven recognized species in this genus: * '' Panaque armbrusteri'' * '' Panaque bathyphilus'' * '' Panaque cochliodon'' * ''Panaque nigrolineatus'' (Royal panaque) * '' Panaque schaeferi'' * '' Panaque suttonorum'' (Blue-eye panaque) * '' Panaque titan'' Etymology The name ''Panaque'' is a Latinisation of a native Venezuelan name for these fish. It is pronounced "pan ack" in Britain and Europe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panaque Suttonorum
The genus ''Panaque'' contains a small number of small to medium-sized South American Loricariidae, suckermouth armoured catfishes that are notable for being among the very few vertebrates that Xylophagy, feed extensively on wood. In addition, algae and aufwuchs are an important part of the diet, and they use their rasping teeth to scrape this from rocks. These fish are also popular aquarium fish, where the sound of scraping as these fish forage for food is easily audible. Taxonomy ''Scobinancistrus'' and ''Panaqolus'' are sometimes considered to be subgenera of this genus. Species There are currently seven recognized species in this genus: * ''Panaque armbrusteri'' * ''Panaque bathyphilus'' * ''Panaque cochliodon'' * ''Panaque nigrolineatus'' (Royal panaque) * ''Panaque schaeferi'' * ''Panaque suttonorum'' (Blue-eye panaque) * ''Panaque titan'' Etymology The name ''Panaque'' is a Latinisation of a native Venezuelan name for these fish. It is pronounced "pan ack" in Brita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panaque Teeth
The genus ''Panaque'' contains a small number of small to medium-sized South American suckermouth armoured catfishes that are notable for being among the very few vertebrates that feed extensively on wood. In addition, algae and aufwuchs are an important part of the diet, and they use their rasping teeth to scrape this from rocks. These fish are also popular aquarium fish, where the sound of scraping as these fish forage for food is easily audible. Taxonomy ''Scobinancistrus'' and ''Panaqolus'' are sometimes considered to be subgenera of this genus. Species There are currently seven recognized species in this genus: * ''Panaque armbrusteri'' * ''Panaque bathyphilus'' * '' Panaque cochliodon'' * ''Panaque nigrolineatus'' (Royal panaque) * '' Panaque schaeferi'' * ''Panaque suttonorum'' (Blue-eye panaque) * '' Panaque titan'' Etymology The name ''Panaque'' is a Latinisation of a native Venezuelan name for these fish. It is pronounced "pan ack" in Britain and Europe, but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panaque Nigrolineatus
''Panaque nigrolineatus'', the royal panaque, royal plec, or royal pleco, is an herbivorous freshwater armored catfish native to Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela where it occurs in the Orinoco and Amazon basins. It is known for being one of the few fish that digest wood. It grows to a length of and is a popular aquarium fish. Anatomy and appearance The royal panaque is closely related to the popular plecostomus catfish kept in many aquaria as an algae eater. While the royal panaque also eats algae, it is best known among biologists as being among the very few fish capable of eating and digesting wood. It does so using symbiotic gut bacteria. Royal panaques are light grey in colour patterned with dark grey squiggles. They have red eyes and the dorsal fins are edged with cream or gold. The body is encased in heavy armour, except for the belly, which is soft. This armour is made of strong plates of skin, not scales. Royal panaques can grow to 43 centimetres (17 in) in le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panaque Cochliodon
The blue-eyed plec, ''Panaque cochliodon'', is a herbivorous freshwater armored catfish endemic to Colombia where it occurs in the Cauca and Magdalena River basins. It is distinguished from many loricariids by being dark grey to black and having bright, turquoise-coloured eyes. Like other species of the genus ''Panaque'', ''P. cochliodon'' feeds primarily on submerged wood. Blue-eyed plecs grow to about 30 cm (11.8 inches) in length and, like other ''Panaque'' species, they are clumsy swimmers adapted to staying close the substrate, using their sucker-like mouths to hold on to submerged rocks and wood. Blue-eye plecs as aquarium fish Blue-eyed plecs have been kept as aquarium fish, and were fairly popular during the 1980s and early 1990s. However, they are now very rarely traded because wild fish can only be obtained from rivers in Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panaque Armbrusteri
''Panaque armbrusteri'' is a species of fish in the South American armoured catfish family Loricariidae. This species is distributed throughout the Tapajós river, a large tributary of the Amazon River, with similar populations found in the Xingu, Araguaia, Tocantins and Aripuanã rivers, although it is uncertain whether these populations comprise the same or different species. ''P. armbrusteri'' is a large loricariid, reaching 43 cm (16.9 inches) in total length and reportedly weighing up to 1.3 kg (2.9 lbs). It is a fairly popular loricariid species in the aquarium trade, and is one of the species commonly referred to as a royal pleco, although that name more frequently refers to the related species ''Panaque nigrolineatus ''Panaque nigrolineatus'', the royal panaque, royal plec, or royal pleco, is an herbivorous freshwater armored catfish native to Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela where it occurs in the Orinoco and Amazon basins. It is known for being one of t ...''. ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panaque Titan
''Panaque titan'' is a species of freshwater fish from the South American armoured catfish family Loricariidae. It is known from several rivers in the Napo River basin in Ecuador, where it was perhaps first encountered in 1975, although it was not scientifically described until 2010. The species reaches at least 39.4 cm (15.5 inches) SL. In the aquarium trade, there have been thought to be two forms of fish that resemble ''P. titan''; ''Panaque'' sp. L191 from the Caquetá River in Colombia and ''Panaque'' sp. L418 from the Huallaga River in Peru. As of May 2022, L-418 is the L-number currently associated with this species, whereas L-191 corresponds with a different, seemingly undescribed ''Panaque The genus ''Panaque'' contains a small number of small to medium-sized South American suckermouth armoured catfishes that are notable for being among the very few vertebrates that feed extensively on wood. In addition, algae and aufwuchs are a ...'' species. References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panaque Schaeferi
''Panaque schaeferi'' is a freshwater species of fish from the South American armoured catfish family Loricariidae. ''Panaque schaeferi'' is widely distributed throughout the upper Amazon ( Solimões River) in Peruvian and Ecuadorian rivers, and it has been observed as far down as Santarém, Brazil. Growing to at least 60 cm (23.6 inches) SL, it is one of the largest, and likely one of the heaviest species of Loricariid. It has been known in the aquarium trade since at least 1996 under various names such as 'Titanic pleco' and 'Volkswagen pleco' (due to its resemblance to the VW Beetle car), in addition to L203 and LDA065 under the L-number code. Juveniles are often confused with Panaque bathyphilus and erroneously called L090c. The fish is named in honor of Scott A. Schaefer of the American Museum of Natural History. Additionally, he is the ichthyological editor of Copeia for his many contributions to ichthyology in general, and in particular to the understanding of the Lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panaqolus
''Panaqolus'' is a genus of small catfish in the family Loricariidae native to rivers in tropical South America. Its members were formerly thought to belong to a clade of small-sized species in the genus ''Panaque'', until this genus was separated from ''Panaque'' in 2001. At times it has been considered a subgenus of ''Panaque'', and the validity of the genus has been disputed by various authors and sources. '' Pseudoqolus koko'' was formerly considered to be a member of this genus, although it was reclassified as a member of the currently monotypic genus ''Pseudoqolus'' by Nathan K. Lujan, Christian A. Cramer, Raphael Covain, Sonia Fisch-Muller, and Hernán López-Fernández following a 2017 molecular phylogenetic analysis.Lujan, N. K., Cramer, C. A., Covain, R., Fisch-Muller, S., & López-Fernández, H. (2017). Multilocus molecular phylogeny of the ornamental wood-eating catfishes (Siluriformes, Loricariidae, Panaqolus and Panaque) reveals undescribed diversity and parapatric cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loricariidae
The Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with 92 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as " plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, ''Hypostomus plecostomus'', and are popular as aquarium fish. Common names Members of the family Loricariidae are commonly referred to as loricariids, suckermouth armoured catfishes, or armoured catfish. The name "plecostomus", and its shortened forms "pleco" and "plec", are used for many Loricariidae, since ''Plecostomus plecostomus'' (now called ''Hypostomus plecostomus'') was one of the first loricariid species imported for the fish-keeping hobby. Some loricariids are not normally considered "plecostomus", such as ''Farlowella'' catfish. In their native range, these fish are known as ''cascudos'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panaque Bathyphilus
''Panaque bathyphilus'' is an Amazon basin, Amazonian species of armoured catfish from the family Loricariidae. The holotype of the species was collected in the Solimões River, upstream of its confluence with the Purus River. This species has been known in the aquarium trade, at least since 1992, as papa panaque or under the L-number code L090. It reaches up to about in length. This species, ''Peckoltia pankimpuju'', ''Panaqolus nix'', ''Loricaria spinulifera'' and ''Loricaria pumila, L. pumila'' are the only loricariid catfish species known to occur in a deep water form with reduced pigment and eyes (similar to cavefish), and another "normal" form in shallower waters. ''P. bathyphilus'' and a few other loricariid catfish species of the mainstream of large South American rivers have greatly elongated streamers on their tail. It is speculated that this may serve as an early warning system against the large predatory catfish that also roam their habitat. Positioned with the head t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xylophagy
Xylophagy is a term used in ecology to describe the habits of an herbivorous animal whose diet consists primarily (often solely) of wood. The word derives from Greek ''ξυλοφάγος'' (''xulophagos'') "eating wood", from ''ξύλον'' (') "wood" and ''φαγεῖν'' (') "to eat", an ancient Greek name for a kind of a worm-eating bird. Animals feeding only on dead wood are called sapro-xylophagous or saproxylic. Xylophagous insects Most such animals are arthropods, primarily insects of various kinds, in which the behavior is quite common, and found in many different orders. It is not uncommon for insects to specialize to various degrees; in some cases, they limit themselves to certain plant groups (a taxonomic specialization), and in others, it is the physical characteristics of the wood itself (e.g., state of decay, hardness, whether the wood is alive or dead, or the choice of heartwood versus sapwood versus bark). Many xylophagous insects have symbiotic protozoa and/ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magdalena River
The Magdalena River ( es, Río Magdalena, ; less commonly ) is the main river of Colombia, flowing northward about through the western half of the country. It takes its name from the biblical figure Mary Magdalene. It is navigable through much of its lower reaches, in spite of the shifting sand bars at the mouth of its delta, as far as Honda, at the downstream base of its rapids. It flows through the Magdalena River Valley. Its drainage basin covers a surface of , which is 24% of the country's area and where 66% of its population lives. Course The Magdalena River is the largest river system of the northern Andes, with a length of 1,612 km. Its headwaters are in the south of Colombia, where the Andean subranges Cordillera Central and Cordillera Oriental separate, in Huila Department. The river runs east then north in a great valley between the two cordilleras. It reaches the coastal plain at about nine degrees north, then runs west for about , then north again, reaching th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
