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Panalatinga Creek
The Panalatinga Creek is an urban watercourse located in the southern suburbs of Adelaide in the Australian state of South Australia. Course and features Part of the Onkaparinga River catchment area that drains the western slopes of the Mount Lofty Ranges, the creek rises in the foothills in the southern Adelaide suburbs around Chandlers Hill through to Trott Park, South Australia and reaches its confluence with the Field River near the Southern Expressway. Now no more than a narrow suburban watercourse, Panalatinga Creek's earliest European recorded use was as the source of water for John Reynell's early vineyards around his Chateau Reynella homestead in 1849. Etymology The name of the creek is derived from the Kaurna language Kaurna ( or ) is a Pama-Nyungan language historically spoken by the Kaurna peoples of the Adelaide Plains of South Australia. The Kaurna peoples are made up of various tribal clan groups, each with their own ''parnkarra'' district of land and ...
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Kaurna Language
Kaurna ( or ) is a Pama-Nyungan language historically spoken by the Kaurna peoples of the Adelaide Plains of South Australia. The Kaurna peoples are made up of various tribal clan groups, each with their own ''parnkarra'' district of land and local dialect. These dialects were historically spoken in the area bounded by Crystal Brook and Clare in the north, Cape Jervis in the south, and just over the Mount Lofty Ranges. Kaurna ceased to be spoken on an everyday basis in the 19th century and the last known native speaker, Ivaritji, died in 1929. Language revival efforts began in the 1980s, with the language now frequently used for ceremonial purposes, such as dual naming and welcome to country ceremonies. Classification R. M. W. Dixon (2002) classified Kaurna as a dialect of the Kadli language, along with Ngadjuri, Narungga, and Nukunu, and "Nantuwara", with ''kadli'' meaning "dog" in these varieties. However this name has not gained wide acceptance and is not recorded as a la ...
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Drainage Basin
A drainage basin is an area of land where all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, the '' drainage divide'', made up of a succession of elevated features, such as ridges and hills. A basin may consist of smaller basins that merge at river confluences, forming a hierarchical pattern. Other terms for a drainage basin are catchment area, catchment basin, drainage area, river basin, water basin, and impluvium. In North America, they are commonly called a watershed, though in other English-speaking places, "watershed" is used only in its original sense, that of a drainage divide. In a closed drainage basin, or endorheic basin, the water converges to a single point inside the basin, known as a sink, which may be a permanent lake, a dry lake, or a point where surface water is lost underground. Drainage basins are similar ...
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Reynella
Reynella is a metropolitan suburb of Adelaide, South Australia. It is located 20 km south of the Central Business District of Adelaide in the north of the City of Onkaparinga. It is bordered to the east by Main South Road, to the south by Sherriffs Road, and to the north by Field River. Reynella was divided into three smaller suburbs: Reynella, Old Reynella (the historical centre of the district) and Reynella East. Reynella is in the South Australian districts of Mawson and Mitchell. History Reynella Post Office opened on 5 September 1856. A ''Reynella South'' office opened in 1963 and closed in 1969. Transport information Reynella is primary serviced by buses on the Adelaide Metro network. It is serviced primarily by South Road, Sheriffs Road exits on the Southern Expressway and Young Street. Landmarks An unusual landmark in Reynella is what has become known colloquially as ''Junk Food Junction'' or ''Junk Food Corner''. At a time when the fast food market was le ...
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John Reynell
John Reynell (9 February 1809 – 15 June 1873) was an English-born emigrant to the colony of South Australian where he became established as a wheat farmer, a sheep and cattle breeder, and a vigneron and winemaker. Reynell was born in Ilfracombe in 1809 from a Devonshire farming family. The Reynell family became established at East Ogwell in Devon in the 14th century. Accompanied by his cousin Samuel Reynell (c. 1818–1892), he arrived in South Australia in October 1838 aboard ''Surrey'' and established his property about 20 kilometres south of the main settlement of Adelaide near the area that became known as McLaren Vale, South Australia, McLaren Vale. Reynell is thought to have established the first commercial vineyard and winery in South Australia by planting vine cuttings in 1839 that he had bought at the Cape of Good Hope. Other sources say that in 1841 he planted the first vineyard with 500 cuttings from Tasmania, and made wine in 1843. Reynell employed a young man na ...
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Southern Expressway (Australia)
Southern Expressway is an freewayA guide to using the Southern Expressway
Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure, Government of South Australia
through the southern suburbs of , . It is the southern part of the North–South Corridor which extends the full length of Adelaide and is being built to urban freeway standard. It is designated part of route M2. The Southern ...
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Field River, South Australia
The Field River is an urban watercourse located in the southern suburbs of Adelaide in the Australian state of South Australia. Course and features Part of the Onkaparinga River catchment that drains the western slopes of the Mount Lofty Ranges, the Field River has a total area of and drains the Happy Valley Reservoir, part of Main South Road and the Southern Expressway. Suburbs bordering the river include Hallett Cove, Reynella, Shiedow Park, Trott Park, Happy Valley and Woodcroft. The stream flow of the Field River is highly seasonal and variable with an average annual runoff of . The majority of the stream can dry out completely during summer, staying that way well into autumn. The final portion of the river is spring fed and flows into the Gulf St Vincent all year round. The Field River flows through or is bordered by the City of Marion and City of Onkaparinga. The lower reaches of the river ran through private property owned by the Sheidow family until 1993 when t ...
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Trott Park, South Australia
Trott Park is a suburb in the south of Adelaide, South Australia. It has a population of 3,503 people (2016 Census). It is surrounded in most part by open space: the O'Halloran Hill Recreation Park, and Roseworthy Park, a former CSIRO landhold. It is also bordered by Sheidow Park, Hallett Cove and O'Halloran Hill. The Onkaparinga TAFE and Southern Expressway are situated close to the suburb. The Coast to Vines rail trail passes through the suburb. Trott Park is in the City of Marion local government area, the South Australian House of Assembly electoral district of Black and the Australian House of Representatives Division of Kingston. History Walking and Cycling Trails The Coast to Vines rail trail passes through the suburb. Heading south the trail finishes at Marino and heading north the trail finishes at Willunga. See also * List of Adelaide suburbs This is a list of the suburbs of Adelaide, the capital city of South Australia, with their postcodes and ...
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Chandlers Hill, South Australia
Chandlers Hill is a suburb of Adelaide, South Australia. It lies within the City of Onkaparinga and has postcode 5159. History References Suburbs of Adelaide {{Adelaide-geo-stub ...
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Government Of South Australia
The Government of South Australia, also referred to as the South Australian Government, SA Government or more formally, His Majesty’s Government, is the Australian state democratic administrative authority of South Australia. It is modelled on the Westminster system of government, which is governed by an elected parliament. History Until 1857, the Province of South Australia was ruled by a Governor responsible to the British Crown. The Government of South Australia was formed in 1857, as prescribed in its Constitution created by the Constitution Act 1856 (an act of parliament of the then United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland under Queen Victoria), which created South Australia as a self-governing colony rather than being a province governed from Britain. Since the federation of Australia in 1901, South Australia has been a state of the Commonwealth of Australia, which is a constitutional monarchy, and the Constitution of Australia regulates the state of South A ...
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Urban Stream
An urban stream is a formerly natural waterway that flows through a heavily populated area. Urban streams are often polluted by urban runoff and combined sewer outflows. Water scarcity makes flow management in the rehabilitation of urban streams problematic. Description Governments may alter the flow or course of an urban stream to prevent localized flooding by river engineering: lining stream beds with concrete or other hardscape materials, diverting the stream into culverts and storm sewers, or other means. Some urban streams, such as the subterranean rivers of London, run completely underground. These modifications have often reduced habitat for fish and other species, caused downstream flooding due to alterations of flood plains, and worsened water quality. Restoration efforts Some communities have begun stream restoration projects in an attempt to correct the problems caused by alteration, using techniques such as daylighting and fixing stream bank erosion caused by hea ...
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Mouth (river)
A river mouth is where a river flows into a larger body of water, such as another river, a lake/reservoir, a bay/gulf, a sea, or an ocean. At the river mouth, sediments are often deposited due to the slowing of the current reducing the carrying capacity of the water. The water from a river can enter the receiving body in a variety of different ways. The motion of a river is influenced by the relative density of the river compared to the receiving water, the rotation of the earth, and any ambient motion in the receiving water, such as tides or seiches. If the river water has a higher density than the surface of the receiving water, the river water will plunge below the surface. The river water will then either form an underflow or an interflow within the lake. However, if the river water is lighter than the receiving water, as is typically the case when fresh river water flows into the sea, the river water will float along the surface of the receiving water as an overflow. Alon ...
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