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Palestinianism
Palestinianism is a term occasionally used to denote either the national political movement or Identity of the Palestinian people. It gained currency by its use in the works of Edward Said to describe a certain vein of theology opposed to Christian Zionism and that challenges Zionism and the right of Israel to exist. History of the term During the British Mandate over Palestine, the word was used as a loose expression to either describe the integration of the Zionist Aliyah into Mandatory Palestine, or as an alternative to Non-Zionism. The word was employed as a term in its modern meaning as early as 1970 by Edward Said in his work "A Palestinian voice". It was also used by Alfred Sherman, the London correspondent for ''Haaretz'' at the time also in 1970, while expressing his surprise that the Palestinians' bid for independent statehood had garnered widespread support in the West. Multiple observers in the early 1970s were under the impression that Palestinian national ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Zionism
Zionism is an Ethnic nationalism, ethnocultural nationalist movement that emerged in History of Europe#From revolution to imperialism (1789–1914), Europe in the late 19th century that aimed to establish and maintain a national home for the Jews, Jewish people, pursued through the colonization of Palestine (region), Palestine, a region roughly corresponding to the Land of Israel in Judaism, with central importance in Jewish history. Zionists wanted to create a Jewish state in Palestine with as much land, as many Jews, and as few Palestinian people, Palestinian Arabs as possible. Zionism initially emerged in Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe as a secular nationalist movement in the late 19th century, in reaction to newer waves of antisemitism and in response to the Haskalah, or Jewish Enlightenment. The arrival of Zionist settlers to Palestine during this period is widely seen as the start of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. The Zionist claim to Palestine was base ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Nakba
The Nakba () is the ethnic cleansing; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; of Palestinian Arabs through their violent displacement and dispossession of land, property, and belongings, along with the destruction of their society and the suppression of their culture, identity, political rights, and national aspirations. The term is used to describe the events of the 1948 Palestine war in Mandatory Palestine as well as the ongoing persecution and displacement of Palestinians by Israel. As a whole, it covers the fracturing of Palestinian society and the long-running rejection of the right of return for Palestinian refugees and their descendants. During the foundational events of the Nakba in 1948, approximately half of Palestine's predominantly Arab population, or around 750,000 people, were expelled from their homes or made to flee through various violent means, at first by Zionist paramilitaries, and after the establishment of the State of Israel, by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Palestinian Nationalism
Palestinian nationalism is the national movement of the Palestinian people that espouses Palestinian self-determination, self-determination and sovereignty over the region of Palestine.de Waart, 1994p. 223 Referencing Article 9 of ''The Palestinian National Charter of 1968''. The Avalon Project has a copy her/ref> Originally formed in the early 20th century Anti-Zionism, in opposition to Zionism, Palestinian nationalism later internationalized and attached itself to other ideologies; it has thus rejected the Israeli-occupied territories, occupation of the Palestinian territories by the government of Israel since the Six-Day War, 1967 Six-Day War. Palestinian nationalists often draw upon broader political traditions in their ideology, such as Arab socialism and ethnic nationalism in the context of Muslim religious nationalism. Related beliefs have shaped the government of Palestine and continue to do so. In the broader context of the Arab–Israeli conflict in the 21st century, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
John Baptist Wolf
John Baptist Wolf (July 16, 1907 – April 22, 1996) was an American historian, specializing in modern European history. Life Born in Ouray, Colorado, on July 16, 1907, Wolf was the son of a German immigrant. Wolf received his B.A. and M.A. from the University of Colorado, then attended Northwestern University, before entering the doctoral program at the University of Minnesota. He received his doctorate in 1934 for a dissertation on the diplomatic history of the Baghdad Railway, published in 1936. Wolf began his teaching career at the University of Missouri in 1934, remaining there until 1943, when he took a position at the University of Minnesota. In 1966 he moved to the University of Illinois, Chicago Circle, retiring in 1974 as professor emeritus. Wolf died of leukemia on April 22, 1996 while living in a retirement community located near Syracuse. Writing his obituary (''AHA Perspectives'' Dec. 1996), two of his students, Joseph Klaits and John T. O'Connor, recalled "hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Yehoshua Porath
Yehoshua Porath (; January 13, 1938 – November 24, 2019) was an Israeli historian and professor of Middle East history. Academic career Yehoshua Porath was a lecturer in the History of Muslim Countries at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He specialized in the history of Palestinian nationalism. Porat won the Landau Prize and the Ben-Zvi Prize for his book on Yonatan Ratosh. His other research included: * Communism in Arab Israeli communities * Maronite Peasants' Revolt in Lebanon 1858-1860 * Palestine, Arab unity and British policy 1930–1945 Political views Porath was on the Meretz list in the 1992 Israeli legislative election, 1992 Israeli elections for the Knesset. He later readjusted his political views. He opposed the Oslo accords between PLO and Israel. In the 1996 Israeli legislative election, 1996 elections he participated in the campaign of the Likud party and supported Benjamin Netanyahu for prime minister. The change in his political affiliations came due to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Faisal I Of Iraq And Syria
Faisal I bin Hussein bin Ali Al-Hashemi (, ''Fayṣal al-Awwal bin Ḥusayn bin ʻAlī al-Hāshimī''; 20 May 1885 – 8 September 1933) was King of Iraq from 23 August 1921 until his death in 1933. A member of the Hashemites, Hashemite family, he was a leader of the Arab Revolt, Great Arab Revolt during the World War I, First World War, and ruled as the unrecognized List of Syrian monarchs, King of the Arab Kingdom of Syria from March to July 1920 when he was expelled by the French. The third son of Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz, Hussein bin Ali, the Sharif of Mecca, Grand Emir and Sharif of Mecca, Faisal was born in Mecca and raised in Istanbul. From 1916 to 1918, with British assistance, he played a major role in the revolt against the Ottoman Empire. He helped set up an Arab government in Syria, based in Damascus, and led the Arab delegation at the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace Conference in 1919. In 1920, the Syrian National Congress proclaimed Faisal k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Syrian Nationalism
Syrian nationalism (), also known as pan-Syrian nationalism or pan-Syrianism (), refers to the nationalism of the region of Syria, as a cultural or political entity known as " Greater Syria," known in Arabic as '' Bilād ash-Shām'' (). Syrian nationalism originated with the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire during World War I. While most "pragmatic" Syrian nationalists advocate for Arab nationalism and view pan-Syrianism as a step toward a broader pan-Arab state, a minority of "pure" Syrian nationalists, often associated with the Syrian Social Nationalist Party, oppose this perspective. They assert that Syria should be the leading force among the Arab people and reject pan-Arabist movements that would position all Arabs on the same level. Some Syrian opposition forces who were fighting against the Assad regime government are strong advocates of historical Syrian nationalism that hearkens back to a "Golden Age." The Free Syrian Army has incorporated symbols of nation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Rashid Khalidi
Rashid Ismail Khalidi (; born 18 November 1948) is a Palestinian-American historian of the Middle East and the Edward Said Professor Emeritus of Modern Arab Studies at Columbia University. He served as editor of the '' Journal of Palestine Studies'' from 2002 until 2020, when he became co-editor with Sherene Seikaly. He has authored a number of books, including '' The Hundred Years' War on Palestine'' and ''Palestinian Identity: The Construction of Modern National Consciousness''; has served as president of the Middle East Studies Association; and has taught at the Lebanese University, the American University of Beirut, Georgetown University, and the University of Chicago. Khalidi retired from Columbia University on October 8, 2024. Family, education and career Khalidi was born in New York City. Khalidi is the son of Ismail Khalidi and the nephew of Husayin al-Khalidi. He is the father of playwright Ismail Khalidi and activist/attorney Dima Khalidi. He grew up in New ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Hebrew University Of Jerusalem
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJI; ) is an Israeli public university, public research university based in Jerusalem. Co-founded by Albert Einstein and Chaim Weizmann in July 1918, the public university officially opened on 1 April 1925. It is the second-oldest Israeli university, having been founded 30 years before the Israeli Declaration of Independence, establishment of the State of Israel but six years after the older Technion university. The HUJI has three campuses in Jerusalem: one in Rehovot, one in Rishon LeZion and one in Eilat. Until 2023, the world's largest library for Jewish studies—the National Library of Israel—was located on its Edmond Safra, Edmond J. Safra campus in the Givat Ram neighbourhood of Jerusalem. The university has five affiliated teaching hospitals (including the Hadassah Medical Center), seven faculties, more than 100 research centers, and 315 academic departments. , one-third of all the doctoral candidates in Israel were studying at the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Islamic History
The history of Islam is believed, by most historians, to have originated with Muhammad's mission in Mecca and Medina at the start of the 7th century CE, although Muslims regard this time as a return to the original faith passed down by the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Prophets of Islam, prophets, such as Adam in Islam, Adam, Noah in Islam, Noah, Abraham in Islam, Abraham, Moses in Islam, Moses, David in Islam, David, Solomon in Islam, Solomon, and Jesus in Islam, Jesus, with the submission () to the will of God in Islam, God. According to the Prophetic biography, traditional account, the Prophets and messengers in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad began receiving what Muslims consider to be divine revelations in 610 CE, calling for submission to the one God, preparation for the imminent Judgement Day in Islam, Last Judgement, and charity for the poor and needy. As Muhammad's message Timing of Sahabah becoming Muslims, began to attract followers (the ''ṣaḥāba'') he als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Universalism
Universalism is the philosophical and theological concept within Christianity that some ideas have universal application or applicability. A belief in one fundamental truth is another important tenet in universalism. The living truth is seen as more far-reaching than the national, cultural, or religious boundaries or interpretations of that one truth. A community that calls itself ''universalist'' may emphasize the universal principles of most religions, and accept others in an inclusive manner. In the modern context, universalism can also mean the Western pursuit of unification of all human beings across geographic and other boundaries under Western values, or the application of really universal or universalist constructs, such as human rights or international law. Universalism has had an influence on modern-day Hinduism, in turn influencing modern Western spirituality. Christian universalism refers to the idea that every human will eventually receive salvation in a reli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ilan Pappé
Ilan Pappé ( ; born 7 November 1954) is an Israeli historian, political scientist, and former politician. He is a professor with the College of Social Sciences and International Studies at the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom, director of the university's European Centre for Palestine Studies, and co-director of the Exeter Centre for Ethno-Political Studies. Pappé was also a board member of the Israeli political party Hadash, and was a candidate on the party list in the 1996 and 1999 Israeli legislative elections. Pappé was born in Haifa, Israel, in 1954. Pappé is one of Israel's New Historians; since the release of pertinent British and Israeli government documents in the early 1980s, he has written extensively on the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight. Pappé's work makes the case that the expulsions were the result of a systematic ethnic cleansing, for which Plan Dalet served as a blueprint. Prior to coming to the United Kingdom, he was a senior lecturer in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
