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Pact Of San Sebastián
The Pact of San Sebastián was a meeting led by Niceto Alcalá Zamora and Miguel Maura, which took place in San Sebastián, Spain on 17 August 1930. Representatives from practically all republican political movements in Spain at the time attended the meeting. Presided over by Fernando Sasiaín (representative of the Unión Republicana), the attendees included: :- for the Radical Republican Party: Alejandro Lerroux; :- for Acción Republicana: Manuel Azaña; :- for the Partido Radical Socialista: Marcelino Domingo, Álvaro de Albornoz and Ángel Galarza; :- for the Derecha Liberal Republicana: Niceto Alcalá Zamora and Miguel Maura; :- for Acció Catalana: Manuel Carrasco Formiguera; :- for Acció Republicana de Catalunya: Matías Mallol Bosch; :- for the Estat Català: Jaume Aiguader; :- for the Organización Republicana Gallega Autónoma: Santiago Casares Quiroga; :- in their own right: Indalecio Prieto, Felipe Sánchez Román, Fernando de los Ríos, and Eduard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Carrasco Formiguera
Manuel Carrasco i Formiguera (3 April 1890 – 9 April 1938), was a Spanish lawyer and Christian democrat Catalan nationalist politician. His execution, by order of Francisco Franco, provoked protests from Catholic journalists such as Joseph Ageorges, the President of the International Federation of Catholic Journalists. Ageorges wrote, "''Even more than the death of the Duke of Enghien stained the memory of Napoleon, the death of Carrasco has stained the reputation of Franco''". Such protests, in turn, provoked the anger of the Francoist press. His funeral in Paris on 27 April 1938 was attended by many notable people, including Joan Miró, Ossorio y Gallardo, Josep M. de Sagarra, Joaquim Ventalló and Jacques Maritain and his wife Raissa. Early life He was born in Barcelona. In 1912, while studying for his doctorate in law at the Faculty of Law of the Complutense University of Madrid, he joined the ''Asociación Católica Nacional de Jóvenes Propagandistas'' (Nati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Spanish Republic
The Spanish Republic (), commonly known as the Second Spanish Republic (), was the form of government in Spain from 1931 to 1939. The Republic was proclaimed on 14 April 1931, after the deposition of King Alfonso XIII, and was dissolved on 1 April 1939 after surrendering in the Spanish Civil War to the Nationalists led by General Francisco Franco. After the proclamation of the Republic, a provisional government was established until December 1931, at which time the 1931 Constitution was approved. During this time and the subsequent two years of constitutional government, known as the Reformist Biennium, Manuel Azaña's executive initiated numerous reforms to what in their view would modernize the country. In 1932 the Jesuits, who were in charge of the best schools throughout the country, were banned and had all their property confiscated in favour of government-supervised schools, while the government began a large scale school-building projects. A moderate agrarian refor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gregorio Marañón
Gregorio Marañón y Posadillo, OWL (19 May 1887 in Madrid – 27 March 1960 in Madrid) was a Spanish physician, scientist, historian, writer and philosopher. He married Dolores Moya in 1911, and they had four children (Carmen, Belén, María Isabel and Gregorio). Life and work An austere, humanist and liberal man, he is considered one of the most brilliant Spanish intellectuals of the 20th century. Besides his erudition, he also stands out for his elegant literary style. As many other thinkers of his time, he involved himself socially and politically: he was a Republican and fought the Miguel Primo de Rivera dictatorship (he was condemned to jail for a month) and showed his disagreement with Spanish communism. Moreover, he supported the Second Spanish Republic in its beginnings, but later criticised it because of its lack of cohesion among the Spanish people. Probably after going away from Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Ortega Y Gasset
José Ortega y Gasset (; 9 May 1883 – 18 October 1955) was a Spanish philosopher and essayist. He worked during the first half of the 20th century, while Spain oscillated between monarchy, republicanism, and dictatorship. His philosophy has been characterized as a " philosophy of life" that "comprised a long-hidden beginning in a pragmatist metaphysics inspired by William James, and with a general method from a realist phenomenology imitating Edmund Husserl, which served both his proto-existentialism (prior to Martin Heidegger's) and his realist historicism, which has been compared to both Wilhelm Dilthey and Benedetto Croce." Biography José Ortega y Gasset was born 9 May 1883 in Madrid. His father was director of the newspaper '' El Imparcial'', which belonged to the family of his mother, Dolores Gasset. The family was definitively of Spain's end-of-the-century liberal and educated bourgeoisie. The liberal tradition and journalistic engagement of his family had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eduardo Ortega Y Gasset
Eduardo Ortega y Gasset (1882–1965) was a Spanish politician, journalist and lawyer. Biography Born in Madrid on 11 April 1882. He was the older brother of philosopher José Ortega y Gasset. He became a member of the Congress of Deputies after the 1910 general election, in representation of the electoral district of Coín (province of Málaga). He joined the Liberal fraction. He renovated his seat at the 1914, 1916, 1918, 1919, 1920 and 1923 elections. He joined the Freemasonry in 1922. During the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera, Ortega y Gasset self-exiled to Paris; he became there a close acquaintance of Miguel de Unamuno, collaborating along the latter and Blasco Ibáñez in the ''España con Honra'' magazine. He was one of the founders of the Radical Socialist Republican Party (PRRS) in 1929. He was among the signatories of the Pact of San Sebastián on 17 August 1930. On 15 April 1931, immediately after the proclamation of the Second Republic, he was appointed C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fernando De Los Ríos
Fernando de los Ríos Urruti (8 December 1879 – 31 May 1949) was a Spanish professor of Political Law and Socialist politician who was in turn Minister of Justice, Minister of Education and Foreign Minister between 1931 and 1933 in the early years of the Second Spanish Republic. During the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) he was Spanish Ambassador to France and then to the United States. Early years (1879–1918) Fernando del Río Urruti was born to a prosperous family on 8 December 1879 in Ronda, Málaga. His father, José del Río, was an Infantry captain. His mother, Fernanda Urruti, came from a French Basque family. His family owned agricultural properties in Ronda. The paternal side of his family included the moderate politician and government minister Antonio de los Ríos Rosas. His father died when Fernando was four years old. Fernando del Río later recalled summer holidays in Cádiz where he went for walks with the Andalusian anarchist Fermín Salvochea. Del Rio a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Felipe Sánchez Román Y Gallifa
Felipe Sánchez-Román y Gallifa (12 March 1893 – 21 January 1956) was a prominent Spanish jurist who taught at the Central University of Madrid from 1916 to 1936. He supported overthrow of the monarchist dictatorship of the 1920s, and was Deputy for Madrid in the Constituent Cortes of 1931. He was much respected for his balanced views by the political leaders of the Second Spanish Republic (1931–1939). In 1934 he founded the tiny but influential center-left Partido Nacional Republicano (PNR), and fought to avoid a republican government dominated by extreme left revolutionaries. After this happened in 1936 and the Spanish Civil War broke out he moved to France in 1937. In 1939 he went into exile in Mexico, where he taught at the UNAM Faculty of Law. Birth and education (1893–1915) Felipe Sánchez Román y Gallifa was born in Madrid on 12 March 1893. His father, Felipe Sánchez Román, was from Valladolid and was a professor of civil law at the Central University of Madrid. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indalecio Prieto
Indalecio Prieto Tuero (30 April 1883 – 11 February 1962) was a Spanish politician, a minister and one of the leading figures of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) in the years before and during the Second Spanish Republic. Early life Born in Oviedo in 1883, his father died when he was six years old. His mother moved him to Bilbao in 1891. From a young age, he survived by selling magazines in the street. He eventually obtained work as a stenographer at the daily newspaper ''La Voz de Vizcaya'', which led to a position as a copy editor and later a journalist at the rival daily '' El Liberal.'' He eventually became the director and owner of the newspaper. In 1899, at the age of 16, he had joined the PSOE. As a journalist in the first decade of the 20th century, Prieto became a leading figure of socialism in the Basque Country. Entering politics Spain's neutrality in World War I greatly benefited Spanish industry and commerce, but those benefits were not reflected in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santiago Casares Quiroga
Santiago Casares y Quiroga (8 May 1884, in A Coruña, Galicia – 17 February 1950, in Paris) was Prime Minister of Spain from 13 May to 19 July 1936. Biography Leader and founder of the Autonomous Galician Republican Organization (ORGA), a Galician regionalist party, Casares participated in the Pact of San Sebastián in 1930, a platform composed of the principal parties of the republican opposition which aimed to bring down the monarchy of Alfonso XIII. He served as representative of the Galician Republican Federation, a republican group formed by his ORGA along with other Galician republican forces such as the Radical Party, the federalists and the radical-socialists. In December 1930, he was sent clandestinely to Jaca as a delegate of the National Revolutionary Committee (CRN), to prevent Captain Fermín Galán Rodríguez from rising the Jaca garrison in advance of the date agreed by the CRN. Casares Quiroga did not arrive in time to stop Galán, and the Jaca uprising took ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organización Republicana Gallega Autónoma
The Autonomous Galician Republican Organization ( gl, Organización Republicana Galega Autónoma, ORGA) was a Spanish left-wing republican and Galician nationalist party in Galicia. It was founded in October 1929 in A Coruña by Santiago Casares Quiroga and Antón Vilar Ponte with the participation of the '' Irmandades da Fala''. In March 1930, it organized the Galician Republican Federation with the support of the Radical Republican Party and the Radical Socialist Republican Party. Represented by Casares Quiroga, it was a signatory of the Pact of San Sebastián. The Radicals left the Galician Republican Federation following the proclamation of the Republic although the FRG continued to exist until 1932. The federation won 16 seats in the 1931 election. Santiago Casares Quiroga was a cabinet minister in republican governments between 1931 and 1933. In 1932, the Argentine section of ORGA led by Ramón Suárez Picallo participated in the foundation of the '' Partido Galeguista ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaume Aiguader
Jaume Aiguader i Miró (or Jaime Aguadé Miró, 24 July 1882 – 30 May 1943) was a Spanish medical doctor, writer, social activist, politician and Catalan nationalist. He was one of the founders of the Republican Left of Catalonia political party. He became Mayor of Barcelona, and was a national deputy during the Second Spanish Republic. He was Minister of Labor and Social Assistance in the government of Juan Negrín during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939). After the fall of the Republic, he died in exile in Mexico. Life Early years (1882–1923) Jaume Aiguader i Miró was born in Reus, Tarragona, Catalonia on 24 July 1882, son of Jaume Aiguadé i Serra and Rosa Miró i Castells. His father owned a transport company, and the family was prosperous. He studied in Reus, and showed a lively interest in current affairs. He joined a group of young people, many with anarchist leanings, that included Joan Puig i Ferreter. Aiguader did not want to join the family business, and around ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
