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P V S And Cornwall County Council
''P v S and Cornwall County Council'' was a landmark case of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) which extended the scope of sex equality to discrimination against transsexuals. The case concerned a United Kingdom (UK) trans woman, referred to as P in court proceedings, who was dismissed from her post after informing her employers that she was undergoing gender reassignment. She took her employers to an Employment Tribunal. The Tribunal agreed that she had been dismissed because of her gender reassignment, but was unable to rule that she had been discriminated against because at that time the Sex Discrimination Act (SDA) offered little protection to transsexual people. If P had been a trans man, he would have been treated in the same way and so there were no grounds in the SDA to rule that P had been discriminated against. However, the UK was part of the European Community and thus obliged to implement the Equal Treatment Directive. The Tribunal felt the scope of the Directive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equal Treatment Directive Of 1976
Equal(s) may refer to: Mathematics * Equality (mathematics). * Equals sign (=), a mathematical symbol used to indicate equality. Arts and entertainment * ''Equals'' (film), a 2015 American science fiction film * ''Equals'' (game), a board game * The Equals, a British pop group formed in 1965 * "Equal", a 2016 song by Chrisette Michele from ''Milestone'' * "Equal", a 2022 song by Odesza featuring Låpsley from '' The Last Goodbye'' * "Equals", a 2009 song by Set Your Goals from ''This Will Be the Death of Us'' * ''Equal'' (TV series), a 2020 American docuseries on HBO * ''='' (album), a 2021 album by Ed Sheeran * "=", a 2022 song by J-Hope from ''Jack in the Box'' Other uses * Equal (sweetener), a brand of artificial sweetener. * EQUAL Community Initiative, an initiative within the European Social Fund of the European Union. See also * Equality (other) * Equalizer (other) * Equalization (other) Equalization may refer to: Science and technology * B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornwall Council
Cornwall Council ( kw, Konsel Kernow) is the unitary authority for Cornwall in the United Kingdom, not including the Isles of Scilly, which has its own unitary council. The council, and its predecessor Cornwall County Council, has a tradition of large groups of independent councillors, having been controlled by independents in the 1970s and 1980s. Since the 2021 elections, it has been under the control of the Conservative Party. Cornwall Council provides a wide range of services to the approximately half a million people who live in Cornwall. In 2014 it had an annual budget of more than £1 billion and was the biggest employer in Cornwall with a staff of 12,429 salaried workers. It is responsible for services including: schools, social services, rubbish collection, roads, planning and more. History Establishment of the unitary authority On 5 December 2007, the Government confirmed that Cornwall was one of five councils that would move to unitary status. This was enacted by st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaties Of The European Union
The Treaties of the European Union are a set of international treaties between the European Union (EU) member states which sets out the EU's constitutional basis. They establish the various EU institutions together with their remit, procedures and objectives. The EU can only act within the competences granted to it through these treaties and amendment to the treaties requires the agreement and ratification (according to their national procedures) of every single signatory. Two core functional treaties, the Treaty on European Union (originally signed in Maastricht in 1992, aka The Maastricht Treaty) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (originally signed in Rome in 1957 as the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, aka The Treaty of Rome), lay out how the EU operates, and there are a number of satellite treaties which are interconnected with them. The treaties have been repeatedly amended by other treaties over the 65 years since they were first si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defrenne V Sabena (No 2)
''Defrenne v Sabena (No 2)'' (1976Case 43/75is a foundational European Union law case, concerning direct effect and the European Social Charter in the European Union. It held that the EU: The case was championed by the Belgian lawyer Éliane Vogel-Polsky, who was responsible for much of the heavy involvement in sex discrimination law of the time by the European Court of Justice. Facts A woman named Gabrielle Defrenne worked as a flight attendant for the Belgian national airline Sabena. Under Belgian law, female flight attendants were obliged to retire at the age of 40, unlike their male counterparts. Defrenne had been forced to retire from Sabena in 1968. Defrenne complained that the lower pension rights this entailed violated her right to equal treatment on grounds of gender under article 119 of the Treaty of the European Community, (now Article 157 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) - prior to the Lisbon Treaty, this was article 141 TEC). Judgmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HeinOnline
HeinOnline (HOL) is a commercial internet database service launched in 2000 by William S. Hein & Co., Inc. (WSH Co), a Buffalo, New York publisher specializing in legal materials. The company began in Buffalo, New York, in 1961 and is currently based in nearby Getzville, NY. In 2013 WSH Co. was the 33rd largest private company in western New York, with revenues of around $33 million and more than seventy employees. HeinOnline is a source for traditional legal materials (reported cases, statutes, government regulations, academic law reviews, commercially produced law journals and magazines, and classic treatises), historical, governmental, and political documents, legislative debates, legislative and executive branch reports, world constitutions, international treaties, and reports and other documents of international organizations. The database includes more than 192 million pages of materials “in an online, fully searchable, image-based format". New product award In 2001, Hein ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Court Of Human Rights
The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR or ECtHR), also known as the Strasbourg Court, is an international court of the Council of Europe which interprets the European Convention on Human Rights. The court hears applications alleging that a contracting state has breached one or more of the human rights enumerated in the Convention or its optional protocols to which a member state is a party. The European Convention on Human Rights is also referred to by the initials "ECHR". The court is based in Strasbourg, France. An application can be lodged by an individual, a group of individuals, or one or more of the other contracting states. Aside from judgments, the court can also issue advisory opinions. The convention was adopted within the context of the Council of Europe, and all of its 46 member states are contracting parties to the convention. Russia, having been expelled from the Council of Europe as of 16 March 2022, ceased to be a party to the convention with effect from 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eva Brems
Eva Brems (born 1969) is a Belgian university professor, human rights defender and politician. She is a senior lecturer in human rights and non-Western law at Ghent University. Besides her academic engagements, Brems has also been politically active. From 2006 until 2010, she was the president of the Flemish division of Amnesty International.Prof. Dr. Eva Brems - Personal page , , Department of Public Law, Human Rights Centre HRC. Retrieved 2010-06-17. In the spring of 2010 she announced her candidacy in the |
Catherine Barnard
Catherine Sarah Barnard, is a British academic, who specialises in European Union, employment, and competition law. She has been Professor of European Union and Employment Law at the University of Cambridge since 2008. She has been a Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge since 1996, and is the college's Senior Tutor. Education Barnard read law at Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge ( MA Cantab), and the European University Institute (LLM). She earned a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) from the University of Cambridge. Career Barnard was elected a Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge in 1996. She was appointed Reader in European Union Law in the Faculty of Law, University of Cambridge The Faculty of Law, Cambridge is the law school of the University of Cambridge. The study of law at the University of Cambridge began in the thirteenth century. The faculty sits the oldest law professorship in the English-speaking world, the ... on 1 October 2004. On 1 October 2008, she was awarded ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stay Of Proceedings
Stay may refer to: Places * Stay, Kentucky, an unincorporated community in the US Law * Stay of execution, a ruling to temporarily suspend the enforcement of a court judgment * Stay of proceedings, a ruling halting further legal process in a trial Structures and mechanics * Stay, in a cable-stayed bridge * Stay, bone (corsetry), one of the rigid parts of a corset ** Stays, or corset, a garment worn to mold and shape the torso; See History of corsets * Stays (nautical), heavy ropes, wires, or rods that connect the masts of a sailing vessel to the hull * Boiler stay, an internal structural element of a boiler * Chain stay and seat stay, parts of a bicycle frame * Collar stay, a small rigid piece used to maintain the point of a shirt collar * Guy-wire, or stay, a metal cable used to support a tall structure, such as a radio mast * Stay cable, used to hold up a weight Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Stay'' (2005 film), a 2005 psychological thriller directed by Marc Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Community
The European Economic Community (EEC) was a regional organization created by the Treaty of Rome of 1957,Today the largely rewritten treaty continues in force as the ''Treaty on the functioning of the European Union'', as renamed by the Lisbon Treaty. aiming to foster economic integration among its member states. It was subsequently renamed the European Community (EC) upon becoming integrated into the first pillar of the newly formed European Union in 1993. In the popular language, however, the singular ''European Community'' was sometimes inaccuratelly used in the wider sense of the plural '' European Communities'', in spite of the latter designation covering all the three constituent entities of the first pillar. In 2009, the EC formally ceased to exist and its institutions were directly absorbed by the EU. This made the Union the formal successor institution of the Community. The Community's initial aim was to bring about economic integration, including a common market and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Recital (law)
In law, a recital (from la, recitare, "to read out") consists of an account or repetition of the details of some act, proceeding or fact. Particularly, in law, that part of a legal document—such as a lease, which contains a statement of certain facts—contains the purpose for which the deed is made. In European Union law, a recital is a text that sets out reasons for the provisions of an act, while avoiding normative language and political argumentation. A recital may also appear at the end of a document, as some 170 have in the new GDPR The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is a European Union regulation on data protection and privacy in the EU and the European Economic Area (EEA). The GDPR is an important component of EU privacy law and of human rights law, in parti .... Recitals have been demonstrated to play a limited role in the interpretation of Union legislation in the courts in the case of ambiguity in a particular provision within the legislation. By co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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