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PKP Class EN57
EN57 (manufacturer's designation: Pafawag 5B/6B) is an electric multiple unit used by the Polish railway operator ('' PKP''). It was built for suburban and long-distance services. Presently it is used by Przewozy Regionalne (Polregio), Łódzka Kolej Aglomeracyjna, SKM Trójmiasto, Koleje Dolnośląskie, Koleje Śląskie and Koleje Mazowieckie companies in Poland. History Designed for regional transport, class EN57 was based on the earlier class EW55 units. EW55 were the first electrical multiple units built in Poland with 100% domestic components. They were built by Pafawag works in Wrocław. Production started in 1962 and ended in 1993 with 1452 trainsets produced, many of which are still in operation. This class is believed to have had the longest production period in the world for electric multiple units. The first-generation units had first-class compartments, but units numbered 602 and upwards were produced with only second class. Due to very long production period, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polregio
Polregio (formerly ''Przewozy Regionalne'') is a train operator in Poland, responsible for local and interregional passenger transportation. Each day it runs approximately 3,000 regional trains. In 2002 it carried 215 million passengers. The company was founded in 2001 from the splitup of the PKP Passenger Transport Sector of the once-unitary ''Polskie Koleje Państwowe'' national rail operator into several companies to meet European Union requirements. Train categories ;REGIO (R) :local passenger train, 2nd class only, stops (usually) at all stations ;REGIOplus :semi-fast local passenger train, 2nd class only, stops at a limited number of stations, same fare as Regio ;interREGIO (IR) :low-cost inter-regional fast train, 2nd class only, stops at medium and major stations only; since 1 September 2015 only on routes Łódź – Warszawa and Ełk – Grodno (Belarus), due to company's economics and restructuring. ;REGIOekspres (RE) :fast trains on international routes; sto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koleje Dolnośląskie
Koleje Dolnośląskie (Polish for ''Lower Silesian Railways''; KD) is a regional rail operator in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship of Poland. The company was founded on 28 December 2007 by a decision of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship Sejmik and is fully owned by the local government. Train categories The only train category operated by KD is local passenger trains (''osobowy''). Apart from KD's own tickets, tickets for Polregio's ''Regio'' trains are accepted on board of KD trains. Rolling stock At first, the rolling stock consisted of diesel units provided by the Lower Silesian voivodeship government which had previously been used by Przewozy Regionalne (now known as Polregio): one SA106, one SA132, three SA134 and three SA135 Diesel multiple units. Additional Diesel units were purchased in 2010 (three SA135 vehicles), 2011 (three SA134 vehicles) and 2015 (modern Pesa Link units marked as SA139). Koleje Dolnośląskie obtained their first electric multiple unit f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electric Multiple Unit
An electric multiple unit or EMU is a multiple-unit train consisting of self-propelled carriages using electricity as the motive power. An EMU requires no separate locomotive, as electric traction motors are incorporated within one or a number of the carriages. An EMU is usually formed of two or more semi-permanently coupled carriages, but electrically powered single-unit railcars are also generally classed as EMUs. The great majority of EMUs are passenger trains, but versions also exist for carrying mail. EMUs are popular on commuter and suburban rail networks around the world due to their fast acceleration and pollution-free operation. Being quieter than diesel multiple units (DMUs) and locomotive-hauled trains, EMUs can operate later at night and more frequently without disturbing nearby residents. In addition, tunnel design for EMU trains is simpler as no provision is needed for exhausting fumes, although retrofitting existing limited-clearance tunnels to accommodate the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PKP Class ED72
The ED72 (manufacturer's designation: Pafawag 5Bs/6Bs) is a Polish four-car, long distance EMU operated by Przewozy Regionalne (Polregio). Like its cousin ( EN71), the ED72 is based on the EN57 and became the basis for its successor: the ED73. History Between 1993 and 1997, a mere 21 units were built by Pafawag. The newly built ED72s were assigned to large interregional transit operations in the towns of Poznań, Szczecin, Kraków, and Bydgoszcz. The series was created as an "upmarket" replacement for the more spartan EN57 and EN71 electric multiple units. Unfortunately, the express passenger service, InterRegio, for which the series was designed didn't find the ED72 to be quite as comfortable as they had hoped. Currently, all 21 units are still in use, servicing mostly InterRegio and some local Regio and RegioPlus trains. Modifications The ED72 introduced a number of innovations over the previous series of EMUs. Amongst these was converting the rb (rear control car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PKP Class EN71
The EN71 (manufacturer's designation: Pafawag 5Bg/6Bg) is a four-carriage Polish EMU constructed for the Polish National Railways ( PKP). It is based on the three-carriage EN57, but differs in that it has an additional motor carriage. History The series was designed to replace the EN57, which was struggling to cope with the steep inclines of the Kraków - Zakopane route. Twenty EN71s were built at the PaFaWag works in 1976 and a further 30, or so, were manufactured in 1984 using individual EN57 units. The original twenty EN71s had bodywork made from corrugated metal; units with numbers above 20 are built from EN57s and can, therefore, have bodywork made from either flat or corrugated metal panels. Construction The EN71 is made up of four carriages: two with cabs; two with motors. The former (factory designation 5B) are marked as ra — where r stands for ''rozrządczy'' (the Polish term for control car) and a signifies that this is the front end of the train — and rb. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dead Man's Switch
A dead man's switch (see alternative names) is a switch that is designed to be activated or deactivated if the human operator becomes incapacitated, such as through death, loss of consciousness, or being bodily removed from control. Originally applied to switches on a vehicle or machine, it has since come to be used to describe other intangible uses, as in computer software. These switches are usually used as a form of fail-safe where they stop a machine with no operator from a potentially dangerous action or incapacitate a device as a result of accident, malfunction, or misuse. They are common in such applications in locomotives, aircraft refuelling, freight elevators, lawn mowers, tractors, personal watercraft, outboard motors, chainsaws, snowblowers, tread machines, snowmobiles, amusement rides, and many medical imaging devices. On some machines, these switches merely bring the machines back to a safe state, such as reducing the throttle to idle or applying brakes while leav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon
Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon was a Swiss engineering company based in the Zürich district of Oerlikon known for the early development of electric locomotives. It was founded in 1876 by the industrialist Peter Emil Huber-Werdmüller, and occupied a large site immediately to the west of Oerlikon railway station. In 1906 the armaments business was demerged to form ', which evolved into the technology company OC Oerlikon and the armaments company Rheinmetall Air Defence (formerly ''Oerlikon Contraves''). In 1967 Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon was taken over by Brown, Boveri & Cie, which in 1988 merged with ASEA to form ABB Group. The site of the company's works has been redeveloped, including the innovative public MFO-Park The MFO-Park is a public park in the Oerlikon quarter of the Swiss city of Zürich. The area to the north of Zürich Oerlikon railway station was once home to the extensive works of ''Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon'' (MFO), as site that has now been .... In the seco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Knorr Bremse
Knorr-Bremse AG is a German manufacturer of braking systems for rail and commercial vehicles that has operated in the field for over 110 years. Other products in Group's portfolio include intelligent door systems, control components, air conditioning systems for rail vehicles, torsional vibration dampers, and transmission control systems for commercial vehicles. In 2019, the Group's workforce of over 28,000 achieved worldwide sales of EUR 6.93 billion. The Group has a presence in over 30 countries, at 100 locations. On 4 November 2020, it was announced that Knorr-Bremse AG had chosen Dr. Jan Michael Mrosik to be a member of the Executive Board and CEO. The appointment takes effect as of 1 January 2021. History Foundation Engineer Georg Knorr established ''Knorr-Bremse GmbH'' in 1905 in Boxhagen-Rummelsburg, Neue Bahnhofstraße, near Berlin (since 1920 part of Berlin-Friedrichshain). Its production of railway braking systems derived from a company ("Carpenter & Schul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pantograph (rail)
A pantograph (or "pan" or "panto") is an apparatus mounted on the roof of an electric train, tram or electric bus to collect power through contact with an overhead line. By contrast, battery electric buses and trains are charged at charging stations. The pantograph is a common type of current collector; typically, a single or double wire is used, with the return current running through the rails. The term stems from the resemblance of some styles to the mechanical pantographs used for copying handwriting and drawings. Invention The pantograph, with a low-friction, replaceable graphite contact strip or "shoe" to minimise lateral stress on the contact wire, first appeared in the late 19th century. Early versions include the bow collector, invented in 1889 by Walter Reichel, chief engineer at Siemens & Halske in Germany, and a flat slide-pantograph first used in 1895 by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad The familiar diamond-shaped roller pantograph was devised and patented b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Overhead Line
An overhead line or overhead wire is an electrical cable that is used to transmit electrical energy to electric locomotives, trolleybuses or trams. It is known variously as: * Overhead catenary * Overhead contact system (OCS) * Overhead equipment (OHE) * Overhead line equipment (OLE or OHLE) * Overhead lines (OHL) * Overhead wiring (OHW) * Traction wire * Trolley wire This article follows the International Union of Railways in using the generic term ''overhead line''. An overhead line consists of one or more wires (or rails, particularly in tunnels) situated over rail tracks, raised to a high electrical potential by connection to feeder stations at regular intervals. The feeder stations are usually fed from a high-voltage electrical grid. Overview Electric trains that collect their current from overhead lines use a device such as a pantograph, bow collector or trolley pole. It presses against the underside of the lowest overhead wire, the contact wire. Current collectors ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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