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Ottoman Wars In Africa
The Ottoman Empire was founded at the beginning of the 14th century. Beginning in the 16th century, it also began acquiring possessions following series of wars in coastal North Africa. Egypt Egypt was under the rule of a Mamluk Sultanate led by Circassians and Kipchak Turks, and who also ruled Syria, Palestine, Lebanon and Jordan. After Mehmed II (the Conqueror) united most of Anatolia under Ottoman rule, the two empires became neighbours of each other where two Mamluk vassals of Turkmen origin were the buffer states between the two. During the Ottoman-Safavid Persia war, Mamluks (or their vassals) supported Persia. Selim I (the Grim) of the Ottoman Empire used this claim as a pretext to wage a war on Mamluks. During Selim’s long campaign to Egypt in 1516-18, Mamluks were defeated three times; in the battles Marj Dabiq and Yaunis Khan on the way to Egypt and in the Battle of Ridanieh in Egypt (The first and the third personally commanded by Selim and the second by Hadim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yavuz Sultan I
Yavuz is a common masculine Turkish given name and in Turkish, "Yavuz" means "inflexible", "resolute" and "ferocious". Etymology Old Turkic intervocalic or stem-final b, represented by bilabial w in Karakhanid and Khorezmian, is changed to v. Thus Yavuz comes from Old Turkic: ''yabïz'' (𐰖𐰉𐰕), Old Uyghur: ''yabīz'' or ''yawīz'', Khorerzmian: ''yawuz'' meaning "bad, vile". Given name * Selim I (1465–1520), nicknamed Yavuz, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire * Yavuz Ağralı (born 1992), Turkish long-distance runner * Yavuz Ali Pasha (fl. 1601–1604), Ottoman statesman * Yavuz Ataç, Turkish intelligence official * Yavuz Çetin (1970–2001), Turkish musician * Yavuz Eraydın (born 1976), Turkish footballer * Yavuz Bingöl (born 1964), Turkish actor * Yavuz Görey (1912-1995), Turkish sculptor * Yavuz İlnam (born 1987), Turkish trap shooter * Yavuz Karamollaoğlu (born 1980), Turkish karate practitioner * Yavuz Mildon (born 1955), Turkish politician * Yavuz Özkan (direc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safavid Persia
Safavid Iran or Safavid Persia (), also referred to as the Safavid Empire, '. was one of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often considered the beginning of History of Iran, modern Iranian history, as well as one of the gunpowder empires. The Safavid List of monarchs of Persia, Shāh Ismail I, Ismā'īl I established the Twelver denomination of Shia Islam, Shīʿa Islam as the Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam, official religion of the empire, marking one of the most important turning points in the history of Islam. An Iranian dynasty rooted in the Sufi Safavid order founded by Kurdish people, Kurdish sheikhs, it heavily intermarried with Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman, Georgians, Georgian, Circassians, Circassian, and Pontic Greeks, Pontic GreekAnthony Bryer. "Greeks and Türkmens: The Pontic Exception", ''Dumbarton Oaks Papers, Vol. 29'' (1975), Appendix II "Geneal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suleiman The Magnificent
Suleiman I ( ota, سليمان اول, Süleyman-ı Evvel; tr, I. Süleyman; 6 November 14946 September 1566), commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in the West and Suleiman the Lawgiver ( ota, قانونى سلطان سليمان, Ḳānūnī Sulṭān Süleymān) in his realm, was the tenth and longest-reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 until his death in 1566. Under his administration, the Ottoman Empire ruled over at least 25 million people. Suleiman succeeded his father, Selim I, as sultan on 30 September 1520 and began his reign with campaigns against the Christian powers in central Europe and the Mediterranean. Belgrade fell to him in 1521 and the island of Rhodes in 1522–23. At Mohács, in August 1526, Suleiman broke the military strength of Hungary. Suleiman became a prominent monarch of 16th-century Europe, presiding over the apex of the Ottoman Empire's economic, military and political power. Suleiman personally led Ottoman armies in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles V, french: Charles Quint, it, Carlo V, nl, Karel V, ca, Carles V, la, Carolus V (24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria from 1519 to 1556, King of Spain (Crown of Castile, Castile and Crown of Aragon, Aragon) from 1516 to 1556, and Lord of the Netherlands as titular Duke of Burgundy from 1506 to 1555. He was heir to and then head of the rising House of Habsburg during the first half of the 16th century, his dominions in Europe included the Holy Roman Empire, extending from Kingdom of Germany, Germany to Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire), northern Italy with direct rule over the Austrian hereditary lands and the Burgundian Low Countries, and Habsburg Spain, Spain with its southern Italy, southern Italian possessions of Kingdom of Naples, Naples, Kingdom of Sicily, Sicily, and Kingdom of Sardinia, Sardinia. He oversaw both the continuation of the long-lasting Spanish colonization of the Americas and the short-live ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Algiers
Algiers ( ; ar, الجزائر, al-Jazāʾir; ber, Dzayer, script=Latn; french: Alger, ) is the capital and largest city of Algeria. The city's population at the 2008 Census was 2,988,145Census 14 April 2008: Office National des Statistiques de l'Algérie (web). and in 2020 was estimated to be around 4,500,000. Algiers is located on the Mediterranean Sea and in the north-central portion of Algeria. Algiers is situated on the west side of a bay of the Mediterranean Sea. The modern part of the city is built on the level ground by the seashore; the old part, the ancient city of the deys, climbs the steep hill behind the modern town and is crowned by the Casbah or citadel (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), above the sea. The casbah and the two quays form a triangle. Names The city's name is derived via French and Catalan ''Origins of Algiers'' by Louis Leschi, speech delivered June 16, 1941, published in ''El Djezair Sheets'', July 194History of Algeria . from the Arabic name '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hayreddin Barbarossa
Hayreddin Barbarossa ( ar, خير الدين بربروس, Khayr al-Din Barbarus, original name: Khiḍr; tr, Barbaros Hayrettin Paşa), also known as Hızır Hayrettin Pasha, and simply Hızır Reis (c. 1466/1478 – 4 July 1546), was an Ottoman empire, Ottoman Barbary pirates, corsair and later Kapudan Pasha, admiral of the Ottoman Navy. Barbarossa's naval victories secured Ottoman dominance over the Mediterranean during the mid 16th century. As the son of a soldier named Yakup, who took part in the Turkish conquest of Lesbos Born on Midilli (Lesbos), Khizr began his naval career as a corsair under his elder brother Oruç Reis. In 1516, the brothers Capture of Algiers (1516), captured Algiers from Spain, with Oruç declaring himself Sultan. Following Oruç's death in 1518, Khizr inherited his brother's nickname, "Barbarossa" ("Redbeard" in Italian). He also received the honorary name ''Hayreddin'' (from Arabic ''Khair ad-Din (other), Khayr ad-Din'', "goodness of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Possessions 19th Century
Ottoman is the Turkish spelling of the Arabic masculine given name Uthman ( ar, عُثْمان, ‘uthmān). It may refer to: Governments and dynasties * Ottoman Caliphate, an Islamic caliphate from 1517 to 1924 * Ottoman Empire, in existence from 1299 to 1922 ** Ottoman dynasty, ruling family of the Ottoman Empire *** Osmanoğlu family, modern members of the family * Ottoman architecture Ethnicities and languages * Ottoman Armenians, the Armenian ethnic group in the Ottoman Empire * Ottoman Greeks, the Greek ethnic group in the Ottoman Empire * Ottoman Serbs, the Serbian ethnic group in the Ottoman Empire * Ottoman Turks, the Turkic ethnic group in the Ottoman Empire ** Ottoman Turkish alphabet ** Ottoman Turkish language, the variety of the Turkish language that was used in the Ottoman Empire Products * Ottoman bed, a type of storage bed * Ottoman (furniture), padded stool or footstool * Ottoman (textile), fabric with a pronounced ribbed or corded effect, often made of silk or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tumanbay II
Al-Ashraf Abu Al-Nasr Tuman bay ( ar, الأشرف أبو النصر طومان باي), better known as Tuman bay II ( ar, طومان باي), (c. 1476 – 15 April 1517) was the last Sultan of Egypt before the country's conquest by the Ottoman Turks in 1517. He ascended to the sultanic throne during the final period of Mamluk rule in Egypt, after the defeat of his predecessor, Sultan Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghawri, by Ottoman Sultan Selim I at the Battle of Marj Dabiq in 1516.''The Mameluke; Or, Slave Dynasty of Egypt, 1260-1517, A.D.'' William Muir. Published by Smith, Elder, 1896, Public Domain He was the last person to hold the title of Sultan of Egypt prior to the re-establishment of the sultanate 397 years later under Hussein Kamel in 1914. A Circassian, who, like his predecessors, had been in early youth a domestic slave of the palace, he gradually rose to be “emir of a hundred,” and then prime minister, an office he held until the departure of Sultan Al-Ashraf Qansu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capture Of Cairo (1517)
The capture of Cairo was the capture of the capital of the Mamluk Sultanate in Egypt by the Ottoman Empire in 1517. Background The Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt was a Muslim dynasty in Egypt (1250–1517). The Mamluks constituted a class of military slaves of either Turkic people, Turkic or Circassian people, Circassian origin. After a coup in 1250 they began ruling in Egypt and they annexed Syria and Palestine (region), Palestine to their realm. Initially the relations between Mamluk Sultanate and the Ottoman Empire in Turkey and Balkans was friendly. But during the last years of the 15th century, the competition to control south Turkey (Çukurova, Cilicia of the antiquity) deteriorated the relations. Furthermore, during Ottoman-Safavid (Persia) war the Dulkadirids, which was a Mamluk vassal, supported Safavids. After the Battle of Chaldiran in 1514, Ottoman vizier (later grand vizier) Hadim Sinan Pasha retaliated by annexing Dulkadirid territory (most of South East Anatolia) after ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Vizier
Grand vizier ( fa, وزيرِ اعظم, vazîr-i aʾzam; ota, صدر اعظم, sadr-ı aʾzam; tr, sadrazam) was the title of the effective head of government of many sovereign states in the Islamic world. The office of Grand Vizier was first held by officials in the later Abbasid Caliphate. It was then held in the Ottoman Empire, the Mughal Empire, the Sokoto Caliphate the Safavid Empire and Morocco. In the Ottoman Empire, the Grand Vizier held the imperial seal and could convene all other viziers to attend to affairs of the state; the viziers in conference were called "''Kubbealtı'' viziers" in reference to their meeting place, the ''Kubbealtı'' ('under the dome') in Topkapı Palace. His offices were located at the Sublime Porte. Today, the Prime Minister of Pakistan is referred to in Urdu as ''Wazir-e-azam'', which translates literally to Grand Vizier. Initially, the Grand Viziers were exclusively of Turk origin in the Ottoman Empire. However, after there were troubles b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hadim Sinan Pasha
Hadim is a town and district of Konya Province in the Akdeniz region of Turkey. According to 2000 census, population of the district is 59,941 of which 16,620 live in the town of Hadim. History The area now known as Hadim was settled by a tribe of Turkmen originating from Bukhara following the Seljuk victory at the battle of Malazgirt. Hadim was well regarded in Ottoman times as a source for Islamic scholars and their training, this is reflected in the villages previous name, Belde-i Hadimül-ilm meaning place which serves the sciences. The scholars of Hadim fulfilled an important role in the Turkification of Anatolia. A notable scholar from Hadim was Seyyid Bayram Veli who founded the village of Dedemli in Hadim district. Bayram Veli was a dervish who had migrated from the region of Khorosan to avoid the incoming Mongol invasion. He was known to give spiritual and religious advice to sultan Alâeddin Keykubat I of the Sultanate of Rum. Hadim had a number of Sayyid famili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Ridanieh
The Battle of Ridaniya or Battle of Ridanieh ( tr, Ridaniye Muharebesi; ar, معركة الريدانية) was fought on January 22, 1517, in Egypt. The Ottoman forces of Selim I defeated the Mamluk forces under Al-Ashraf Tuman bay II. The Turks marched into Cairo, and the severed head of Tuman bay II, Egypt’s last Mamluk Sultan, was hung over an entrance gate in the Al Ghourieh quarter of Cairo. Or, alternatively, he was hung from the gate and buried after three days. The Ottoman grand vizier, Hadım Sinan Pasha, was killed in action. Description of the battle Sultan Tuman bay II now resolved himself to march out as far as ''Salahia'', and there meet the Turks wearied by the desert march; however, at the last he yielded to his Emirs who entrenched themselves at Ridanieh a little way out of the city. By this time, the Ottomans were crossing the Sinai Peninsula and having reached Arish, were marching unopposed by Salahia and Bilbeis to Khanqah; on January 20 they reached B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
