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Onocleopsis
''Onocleopsis'' is a genus of ferns in the family Onocleaceae Onocleaceae is a small family of terrestrial ferns in the order Polypodiales. It is placed in the suborder Aspleniineae in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). Alternatively, the family, along with Blechnaceae, may be ... containing only one extant species, ''Onocleopsis hintonii''. References External links Polypodiales Monotypic fern genera {{Polypodiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Onocleaceae
Onocleaceae is a small family of terrestrial ferns in the order Polypodiales. It is placed in the suborder Aspleniineae in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). Alternatively, the family, along with Blechnaceae, may be placed in a very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae as the subfamily Blechnoideae. The family may contain from one to four genera, consisting of five species largely in north temperate climes. The four genera, '' Matteuccia'', ''Onoclea'', '' Onocleopsis'' and '' Pentarhizidium'', may be included under the single genus ''Onoclea''. Description Members of the family have the following characteristics, being distinguished by having strongly dimorphic fronds, with the fertile fronds different from the sterile fronds. The rhizomes are long- to short-creeping to ascending, and sometimes stoloniferous (''Matteuccia'' and ''Onocleopsis''). The leaves are strongly dimorphic and the petioles have two vascular bundles uniting distally into a gut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matteuccia
''Matteuccia'' is a genus of ferns with one species: ''Matteuccia struthiopteris'' ( common names ostrich fern, fiddlehead fern, or shuttlecock fern). The species epithet ''struthiopteris'' comes from Ancient Greek words () "ostrich" and () "fern". Description The fronds are dimorphic, with the deciduous green sterile fronds being almost vertical, tall and broad, long-tapering to the base but short-tapering to the tip, so that they resemble ostrich plumes, hence the name. The fertile fronds are shorter, long, brown when ripe, with highly modified and constricted leaf tissue curled over the sporangia; they develop in autumn, persist erect over the winter and release the spores in early spring. Along with ''Dryopteris goldieana'', it is one of the largest species of fern in eastern North America. Classification ''Matteuccia struthiopteris'' is the only species in the genus ''Matteuccia''. Some sources include two Asian species, ''M. orientalis'' and ''M. intermedia'', but mol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Onoclea
''Onoclea'' is a genus of plants in the family Onocleaceae, native to moist habitats in eastern Asia and eastern North America. They are deciduous ferns with sterile fronds arising from creeping rhizomes in spring, dying down at first frost. Fertile fronds appear in late summer. Depending on the authority, the genus contains one to five species. Species In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group, or PPG, is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish a consensus on the classification of pteridophytes ( lycophytes and ferns) that reflects knowledge about plant relatio ... classification of 2016 (PPG I), ''Onoclea'' has a single species: * – sensitive fern (eastern Asia, eastern North America) Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 30 Jan 2012 Transferred ...
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Cystopteridaceae
Cystopteridaceae is a family of ferns in the order Polypodiales. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family is placed in the suborder Aspleniineae of the order Polypodiales, and includes three genera. Alternatively, it may be treated as the subfamily Cystopteridoideae of a very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae. Cystopteridaceae are small or medium-sized ferns in forests and crevices. They generally have thin laminae, and small, round, naked sori. Genera Three genera are accepted in the PPG I classification, and by the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' . One hybrid genus also exists: *'' Acystopteris'' Nakai *''Cystopteris'' Bernh. *''Gymnocarpium ''Gymnocarpium'' is a small genus of ferns, called oak ferns. It was once placed with various other groups, including the dryopteroid ferns and the athyrioid ferns. Cladistic analysis has demonstrated that ''Gymnocarpium'' and ''Cystopteris'' ...'' Newman *'' ×Cystoc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aspleniaceae
The Aspleniaceae (spleenworts) are a family of ferns, included in the order Polypodiales. The composition and classification of the family have been subject to considerable changes. In particular, there is a narrow circumscription, Aspleniaceae s.s. (adopted here), in which the family contains only two genera, and a very broad one, Aspleniaceae s.l., in which the family includes 10 other families kept separate in the narrow circumscription, with the Aspleniaceae s.s. being reduced to the subfamily Asplenioideae. The family has a worldwide distribution, with many species in both temperate and tropical areas. Elongated unpaired sori are an important characteristic of most members of the family. Description Members of the family grow from rhizomes, that are either creeping or somewhat erect, and are usually but not always unbranched, and have scales that usually have a lattice-like (clathrate) structure. In some species, for example ''Asplenium nidus'', the rhizomes form a kind o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thelypteridaceae
Thelypteridaceae is a family of about 900 species of ferns in the order Polypodiales. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is placed in the suborder Aspleniineae. Alternatively, the family may be submerged in a very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae as the subfamily Thelypteridoideae. The ferns are terrestrial, with the exception of a few which are lithophytes (grow on rocks). The bulk of the species are tropical, although there are a number of temperate species. These ferns typically have creeping rhizomes. The fronds are simply pinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid. There is either no frond dimorphism or only mild dimorphism, either open venation or very simple anastomosing. The sori are mostly reniform in shape and have indusia, except for the ''Phegopteris'' group. Classification During the early and mid 1900's all thelypterioid ferns were included in the genus ''Dryopteris'' because of the sorus shape. However, there are a great many differ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Woodsiaceae
''Woodsia'' is a genus of ferns in the order Polypodiales. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is the only genus in the family Woodsiaceae, placed in the suborder Aspleniineae. The family can also be treated as the subfamily Woodsioideae of a very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae ''Sensu, sensu lato''. Species of ''Woodsia'' are commonly known as cliff ferns. Taxonomy Woodsiaceae formerly included the members of the families Athyriaceae and Diplaziopsidaceae, but analysis has consistently shown that they should be treated as separate families. The following cladogram for the suborder Aspleniineae (as eupolypods II), based on Lehtonen (2011), and Rothfels & al. (2012), shows a likely phylogenetics, phylogenetic relationship between the Woodsiaceae and the other families of the Aspleniineae. Species There are about 40–50 species of the genus ''Woodsia''. , ''Plants of the World Online'' accepted the following species: *''Woodsia alpi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pentarhizidium
''Pentarhizidium'' is a genus of two Asian fern species. These species have formerly been included in ''Matteuccia'' or ''Onoclea ''Onoclea'' is a genus of plants in the family Onocleaceae, native to moist habitats in eastern Asia and eastern North America. They are deciduous ferns with sterile fronds arising from creeping rhizomes in spring, dying down at first frost. Fert ...''. Recent genetic analysis has determined that these two species form a discrete clade that is basal to the rest of this fern group, and so have been located in their own genus. ''P. orientale'' is sometimes grown as a garden plant. Species References Polypodiales Ferns of Asia Fern genera {{Polypodiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blechnaceae
Blechnaceae is a family of ferns in the order Polypodiales, with a cosmopolitan distribution. Its status as a family and the number of genera included have both varied considerably. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family has 24 genera, and excludes genera placed in the separate family Onocleaceae. The family is divided into three subfamilies, including Blechnoideae s.s. Alternatively, the entire family may be treated as the subfamily Blechnoideae s.l. of a very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae, and include genera others place in Onocleaceae. Description Most are ground dwelling, some are climbers, such as ''Stenochlaena''. A characteristic feature of many species is that the young opening fronds are usually tinged with red. Taxonomy The family was created by Newman in 1844. In 2014, Christenhusz and Chase submerged it as subfamily Blechnoideae within the family Aspleniaceae and included Onocleaceae in it. The PPG I classifica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Athyriaceae
The Athyriaceae (ladyferns and allies) are a family of terrestrial ferns in the order Polypodiales. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family is placed in the suborder Aspleniineae, and includes two genera. Alternatively, it may be treated as the subfamily Athyrioideae of a very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae. The family has with a cosmopolitan distribution. Description Species of the Athyriaceae are terrestrial or lithophytic, less commonly aquatic. They grow from various kinds of rhizome: short or long, creeping or erect, branched or not. The distribution and evolution of characters in the family is complex, and the genera have few constant features by which they can be identified. The sporangia have stalks two or three cells wide in the middle, and contain brown monolete spores. Taxonomy Earlier classifications The family was first created by Arthur H.G. Alston in 1956. It has had a varied history. In 2014, Christenhusz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polypodiales
The order Polypodiales encompasses the major lineages of polypod ferns, which comprise more than 80% of today's fern species. They are found in many parts of the world including tropical, semitropical and temperate areas. Description Polypodiales are unique in bearing sporangia with a vertical annulus interrupted by the stalk and stomium. These sporangial characters were used by Johann Jakob Bernhardi to define a group of ferns he called the "Cathetogyratae"; the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group has suggested reviving this name as the informal term cathetogyrates, to replace the ambiguously circumscribed term "polypods" when referring to the Polypodiales. The sporangia are born on stalks 1–3 cells thick and are often long-stalked. (In contrast, the Hymenophyllales have a stalk composed of four rows of cells.) The sporangia do not reach maturity simultaneously. Many groups in the order lack indusia, but when present, they are attached either along the edge of the indusium or in its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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