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Omo–Tana Languages
The Omo–Tana languages are a branch of the Cushitic family and are spoken in Ethiopia, Djibouti, Somalia and Kenya. The largest member is Somali. There is some debate as to whether the Omo–Tana languages form a single group, or whether they are individual branches of Lowland East Cushitic. Blench (2006) restricts the name to the Western Omo–Tana languages, and calls the others Macro-Somali. Internal classification Mauro Tosco (2012)Tosco, Mauro (2012). The Unity and Diversity of Somali Dialectal Variants. In: Nathan Oyori Ogechi, Jane A. Ngala Oduor and Peter Iribemwangi (eds.), The Harmonization and Standardization of Kenyan Languages. Orthography and other aspects. Cape Town: The Centre for Advanced Studies of African Society (CASAS): 2012: 263-280. proposes the following internal classification of the Omo-Tana languages. Tosco considers Omo-Tama to consist of a ''Western'' branch and an ''Eastern'' ("Somaloid") branch, which is a dialect chain of various Somali languag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethiopia
Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the east and northeast, Kenya to the south, South Sudan to the west, and Sudan to the northwest. Ethiopia has a total area of . As of 2022, it is home to around 113.5 million inhabitants, making it the 13th-most populous country in the world and the 2nd-most populous in Africa after Nigeria. The national capital and largest city, Addis Ababa, lies several kilometres west of the East African Rift that splits the country into the African and Somali tectonic plates. Anatomically modern humans emerged from modern-day Ethiopia and set out to the Near East and elsewhere in the Middle Paleolithic period. Southwestern Ethiopia has been proposed as a possible homeland of the Afroasiatic langua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rendille–Boni Languages
The Rendille–Boni languages is a proposed subgroup of the Macro-Somali languages, belonging to the Cushitic family. The languages are spoken in Kenya.Raymond G. Gordon Jr., ed. 2005. ''Ethnologue: Languages of the World''. 15th edition. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics. The hypothesis has been by now rejected, in favor of grouping Aweer as a member of the Somali languages The Somali languages form a group that are part of the Afro-Asiatic language family. They are spoken as a mother tongue by ethnic Somalis in Horn of Africa and the Somali diaspora. Even with linguistic differences, Somalis collectively view the ..., closely related to Garre. Notes Languages of Kenya East Cushitic languages {{Kenya-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashraf Dialect
Ashraf ( so, Af-Ashraaf) is a speech variety of uncertain classification within the East Omo-Tana sub-branch found in the Merca District, Marka district of the Lower Shabelle, Lower Shebelle region and Banaadir region of southern Somalia. Classification According to Blench (2006) there are two sub-dialects: Shangani District, Shingani and Lower Shabelle, Lower Shebelle. As noted in recent work on the speech variety, Green & Jones (2016):"''What we hope to have illustrated in this talk is that while Marka (Af Ashraaf) may be similar in certain ways to both Northern Somali and Maay, it nonetheless boasts a number of unique properties, particularly in its morphology, that we believe merit its treatment not as a Somali or Maay dialect, but as a language variety of its own''"A similar level of skepticism towards the labelling of other Omo-Tana languages in Somalia (''such as Maay Maay, Maay, Dabarre language, Dabarre, Jiiddu language, Jiddu, so forth'') is expressed in Tosco (2012)The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dabarre Language
Dabarre (also known as Af-Dabarre) is a Somali language spoken by the Dabarre and Iroole both sub-clans of the Digil clan family of Somalis inhabiting southwestern Somalia Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constituti .... It has an estimated 23,000 speakers. Dialects include Dabarre and Iroole (''Af-Iroole''). Notes References Omo–Tana languages Languages of Somalia {{Somalia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tunni Language
The Tunni (Somali language, Somali: Tunni) are a Somali clan that make up part of the wider Digil-Rahanweyn branch. It is one of the major clans that inhabit in the South West State of Somalia, South West State of Somalia and can also be found in Jubaland, Jubbaland. Overview The Tunni clan are split into 5 different sub-clans which are: Daffarat, Werile, Hajuuwa, Daqtiira and Goygaal. The Tunni speak Tunni language, Af-Tunni (a dialect of Somali language, Somali). Some Tunni people, particularly those who are ancestrally from Baraawe speak Bravanese dialect, Chimini, a variety of Swahili language, Swahili. History Antiquity The Tunni clan are believed to be one of the oldest Somali clans and one of the early herding communities in the Horn. They are believed to have occupied the lower Shebelle River, Shabelle valley since 2000 B.C.E and occupied the Jubba River, Jubba valley along with their cousin Garre since 1000 B.C.E. Tunni Sultanate The Tunni, composed of five sub-clans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aweer Language
Aweer (''Aweera''), also known as Boni (''Bon, Bonta''), is a Cushitic language of Eastern Kenya. The Aweer people, known by the arguably derogatory Exonym and endonym, exonym "''Boni,''" are historically a hunter-gatherer people, traditionally subsisting on hunting, gathering, and collecting honey. Their ancestral lands range along the Kenyan coast from the Lamu County, Lamu and Ijara District, Ijara Districts into Southern Somalia, Somalia's Badhadhe District, Badaade District. According to ''Ethnologue'', there are around 8,000 speakers of Aweer. Aweer has similarities with the Garre language, however, its speakers are ethnically distinct from Garre speakers. Historical situation There is suggestions that the Aweer speech community are remnants of the early hunter-gatherer inhabitants of Eastern Africa; although this is not without debate among specialists and unlike the neighboring speakers of the Dahalo language, there is no concrete linguistic evidence of a shift from a p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garre Language
Garre (also known as Af-Garre) is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken by the Garre people inhabiting southern Somalia, Ethiopia and northern Kenya. It belongs to the family's Cushitic branch, and has an estimated 2.5 million speakers. Garre language is considered an ancient Somali dialect.Af-Garre is in the Digil classification of Somali dialects. Garre language is readily intelligible to Digil speaker as it has some affinity with Af-Maay and Af-Boon. Classification They constitute the carrier of pre-Hawiya clans: "They occur in four large autonomous groups: on the lower reaches of the Shebelle in Audegle District, around Dolo on the upper Juba, between the Webi Gesiro and the Webi Mana in contact and to some extent intermixed with the Arussi Galla, and to the south-west between the Ajuran and Digodia Somali and the Boran Galla of the Northern Frontier Province of Kenya. The northernmost group adjacent to the Galla Arussi have acquired some features of Galla culture; Ga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rendille Language
Rendille (also known as Rendile, Randile) is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken by the Rendille people inhabiting northern Kenya. It is part of the family's Cushitic branch. The Ariaal sub-group of the Rendille, who are of mixed Nilotic and Cushitic descent, speak the Nilo-Saharan Samburu language Samburu is a Maa language dialect spoken by Samburu pastoralists in northern Kenya ) , national_anthem = " Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"() , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital ... of the Samburu Nilotes near whom they live. Phonology Consonants Vowels Notes References * Antoinette Oomen. 1981. "Gender and Plurality in Rendille," ''Afroasiatic Linguistics'' 8:35-75. * Steve Pillinger & Letiwa Galboran. 1999. ''A Rendille Dictionary, Including a Grammatical Outline and an English-Rendille Index''. Cushitic Language Studies Volume 14. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag. * Günther Schlee. 1978. ''Sprachlich ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yaaku Language
Yaaku (also known as Mukogodo, Mogogodo, Mukoquodo, Siegu, Yaakua, Ndorobo) is an endangered Afroasiatic language spoken in Kenya. It is Cushitic, but its position within that family has been unclear. Bender 2020 008concluded it was Omo–Tana ('Arboroid'). Speakers are all older adults. Bender (2020) adds Yaaku to the Western Omo–Tana languages, while its classification was previously obscure.Bender, M. Lionel. (2020). Cushitic Lexicon and Phonology. ed. Grover Hudson. (Schriften zur Afrikanistik / Research in African Studies, 28). Berlin: Peter Lang. Language situation The Yaaku people are former hunter-gatherers and bee-keepers. They adopted the pastoralist culture of the Maasai in the first half of the twentieth century, although some still keep bees. As a result, the Yaaku almost completely gave up their language for the Maa language of the dominant Maasai tribe (including the Samburu) between 1925 and 1936. The variety of Maa they speak is called ''Mukogodo-Maa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Molo Language
El Molo is a possibly extinct language belonging to the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family. It was spoken by the El Molo people on the southeastern shore of Lake Turkana, in northern Kenya. Alternate names to El Molo are Dehes, Elmolo, Fura-Pawa, and Ldes. It was thought to be extinct in the middle part of the 20th century, but a few speakers were found in the later 20th century. However, it may now be truly extinct, as the eight speakers found in a survey published in 1994 were over 50. Most of the El Molo population have shifted to the neighboring Samburu language. El Molo also has no known dialects but it is similar to Daasanach Oral tradition sees the El Molo people as an offshoot of the Arbore people in South Ethiopia. This seems to be confirmed by El Molo's linguistic proximity to the Arbore language. Classification The possibly extinct El Molo language belonged to the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic classification. The Cushitic languages are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arbore Language
Arbore is an Afro-Asiatic languages, Afro-Asiatic language spoken by the Arbore people in southern Ethiopia in a few settlements of Hamer (woreda), Hamer woreda near Lake Chew Bahir. That the Arbore language belongs within a "Macro-Somali" (now called Omo-Tana languages, Omo-Tana) group was first recognized by Hans-Jürgen Sasse, Sasse (1974). Other members of this group are Daasanach language, Daasanach, Bayso language, Bayso, Rendille language, Rendille, Boni language, Boni and the various Somali language, Somali dialects. Omo-Tana itself is a major division of Lowland East Cushitic languages, Lowland East Cushitic. Arbore's nearest relatives (jointly classified as Western Omo-Tana languages, Western Omo-Tana) are Daasanach and especially the probably extinct Kenyan El_Molo language, language of the El_Molo people, Elmolo fishermen of Lake Turkana. The sub-grouping is justified in terms of uniquely shared lexicon and certain common grammatical innovations, amongst which the gene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daasanach Language
Daasanach (also known as Dasenech, Daasanech, Dathanaik, Dathanaic, Dathanik, Dhaasanac, Gheleba, Geleba, Geleb, Gelebinya, Gallab, Galuba, Gelab, Gelubba, Dama, Marille, Merile, Merille, Morille, Reshiat, Russia) is a Cushitic language spoken by the Daasanach in Ethiopia, South Sudan and Kenya whose homeland is along the Lower Omo River and on the shores of Lake Turkana.Raymond G. Gordon Jr., ed. 2005. ''Ethnologue: Languages of the World''. 15th edition. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics. Writing system Jim Ness and Susan Ness of Bible Translation and Literacy and Wycliffe Bible Translators devised a practical spelling and published a 1995 alphabet book. Yergalech Komoi and Gosh Kwanyangʼ published another alphabet book in 1995. An edition of the Gospel of Mark was published in 1997, and other Bible translations were published with this spelling in 1999. A revision of this spelling is adopted, replacing the digraph ‹dh› by the d with a horizontal stroke throu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
