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Odessa Operation (1919)
The Odesa operation (1919) or the Odesa landing was a successful amphibious military operation by the White Armed Forces of South Russia against the troops of the Red Army and the Odesa garrison on 20–24 August 1919. The success of the operation would have been impossible without a coordinated anti-Bolshevik insurrection in the city itself. The operation was carried out in the development of the "Moscow directive" of the AFSR (paragraph 6). Prelude Between December 1918 and April 1919, French and Greek troops had taken over control of Odesa during the Southern Russia Intervention. On April 7 1919, they evacuated the city when the pro-Bolshevik Army of Otaman Nykyfor Hryhoriv approached. In May a Red Defence Committee of the Odesa Military District was established under command of Boris Krajewski, Ivan Klimenko and Yan Gamarnik. They had 2 divisions at their disposal, the 45th and 47th, and a garrison of some 5,000 untrained men. The position of Odesa, as the most south ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Civil War
, date = October Revolution, 7 November 1917 – Yakut revolt, 16 June 1923{{Efn, The main phase ended on 25 October 1922. Revolt against the Bolsheviks continued Basmachi movement, in Central Asia and Tungus Republic, the Far East through the 1920s and 1930s.{{cite book, last=Mawdsley, first=Evan, title=The Russian Civil War, location=New York, publisher=Pegasus Books, year=2007, isbn=9781681770093, url=https://archive.org/details/russiancivilwar00evan, url-access=registration{{rp, 3,230(5 years, 7 months and 9 days) {{Collapsible list , bullets = yes , title = Peace treaties , Treaty of Brest-LitovskSigned 3 March 1918({{Age in years, months, weeks and days, month1=11, day1=7, year1=1917, month2=3, day2=3, year2=1918) , Treaty of Tartu (Russian–Estonian)Signed 2 February 1920({{Age in years, months, weeks and days, month1=11, day1=7, year1=1917, month2=2, day2=2, year2=1920) , Soviet–Lithuanian Peace TreatySigned 12 July 1920({{Age in years, months, weeks and da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volunteer Army
The Volunteer Army (russian: Добровольческая армия, translit=Dobrovolcheskaya armiya, abbreviated to russian: Добрармия, translit=Dobrarmiya) was a White Army active in South Russia during the Russian Civil War from 1917 to 1920. The Volunteer Army fought against Bolsheviks on the Southern Front and the Ukrainian War of Independence. In 1919 it was made part of the Armed Forces of South Russia, becoming the largest force of the White movement until it was merged with the Army of Wrangel in March 1920. History Formation The Volunteer Army began forming in November/December 1917 under the leadership of General Mikhail Alekseyev and General Lavr Kornilov in Novocherkassk, shortly after the Russian Civil War began following the October Revolution. It organized to fight against the Bolsheviks in South Russia. Alekseyev and Kornilov enlisted supporters, which initially included volunteering officers, cadets, students, and Cossacks. Of the first 3,000 rec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conflicts In 1919
Conflict may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Conflict'' (1921 film), an American silent film directed by Stuart Paton * ''Conflict'' (1936 film), an American boxing film starring John Wayne * ''Conflict'' (1937 film), a Swedish drama film directed by Per-Axel Branner * ''Conflict'' (1938 film), a French drama film directed by Léonide Moguy * ''Conflict'' (1945 film), an American suspense film starring Humphrey Bogart * ''Catholics: A Fable'' (1973 film), or ''The Conflict'', a film starring Martin Sheen * ''Judith'' (1966 film) or ''Conflict'', a film starring Sophia Loren * ''Samar'' (1999 film) or ''Conflict'', a 1999 Indian film by Shyam Benegal Games * ''Conflict'' (series), a 2002–2008 series of war games for the PS2, Xbox, and PC * ''Conflict'' (video game), a 1989 Nintendo Entertainment System war game * '' Conflict: Middle East Political Simulator'', a 1990 strategy computer game Literature and periodicals * ''Conflict'' (novel) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles Of The Russian Civil War
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and Battle of Stalingrad, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas bat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1919 In Ukraine
Events January * January 1 ** The Czechoslovak Legions occupy much of the self-proclaimed "free city" of Bratislava, Pressburg (now Bratislava), enforcing its incorporation into the new republic of Czechoslovakia. ** HMY Iolaire, HMY ''Iolaire'' sinks off the coast of the Hebrides; 201 people, mostly servicemen returning home to Lewis and Harris, are killed. * January 2–January 22, 22 – Russian Civil War: The Red Army's Caspian-Caucasian Front begins the Northern Caucasus Operation (1918–1919), Northern Caucasus Operation against the White Army, but fails to make progress. * January 3 – The Faisal–Weizmann Agreement is signed by Faisal I of Iraq, Emir Faisal (representing the Arab Kingdom of Hejaz) and Zionism, Zionist leader Chaim Weizmann, for Arab–Jewish cooperation in the development of a Jewish homeland in Palestine (region), Palestine, and an Arab nation in a large part of the Middle East. * January 5 – In Germany: ** Spartacist uprising in B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odesa Operation (1920)
The Odesa operation (11 January - 8 February 1920) was an offensive operation during the Russian Civil War of the South Western Front of the Red Army against the Novorossiysk Oblast Army Group of the White Armed Forces of South Russia. The operation was a success for the Red Army, as Odesa was taken on 8 February and, despite an evacuation over the Black Sea supported by the British Royal Navy, many White soldiers and material were captured. Capture of Odesa After the failed White Advance on Moscow in Summer 1919, the Red Army had started a counteroffensive in autumn 1919, which after several hard-fought battles, had by winter 1919-1920 turned into a rout of the White forces. On 17 January 1920 the troops of the Red Army seized Krivoi Rog (now Kryvyi Rih) and Apostolove. On 24 January they captured Yelisavetgrad (now Kropyvnytskyi) and on 25 January, Uman. By the end of January, Kherson, Mykolaiv and Voznesensk were captured. On 3 February Olviopol (now Pervomaisk) and O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Terror
The Red Terror (russian: Красный террор, krasnyj terror) in Soviet Russia was a campaign of political repression and executions carried out by the Bolsheviks, chiefly through the Cheka, the Bolshevik secret police. It started in late August 1918 after the beginning of the Russian Civil WarLlewellyn, Jennifer; McConnell, Michael; Thompson, Steve (11 August 2019)"The Red Terror" ''Russian Revolution''. Alpha History. Retrieved 4 August 2021. and lasted until 1922. Arising after assassination attempts on Vladimir Lenin and Petrograd Cheka leader Moisei Uritsky, the latter of which was successful, the Red Terror was modeled on the Reign of Terror of the French Revolution,Wilde, Robert. 2019 February 20.The Red Terror" ''ThoughtCo''. Retrieved March 24, 2021. and sought to eliminate political dissent, opposition, and any other threat to Bolshevik power. More broadly, the term is usually applied to Bolshevik political repression throughout the Civil War (1917–1922), as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pushkinska Street, Odesa
Vulytsia Pushkinska ( uk, Пушкінська) is a street in the downtown of Odesa, Ukraine. The street is named after Russian poet Alexander Pushkin, who lived on the street. The street starts from the Dumska Square and finishes at the crossing with the Panteleymonivska Street. The street was founded in 1827. The street was founded as Italian Street ( uk, вулиця Італійська, ''vulytsia Italiiska''). It was named after Pushkin on June 25, 1880, and the street saved the name until now. Although Pushkin lived in several different buildings at different times, the Museum of Pushkin (the branch of the Odesa Literature Museum) was organized at Pushkinska Street 13. The statue of Pushkin was founded at the front of the building dedicating to the 200th-year jubilee of his birthday. Many famous architecture monuments are located on the street; among them are Abazy Palace (now the Odesa Museum of Western and Eastern Art), the New Burse Building (now the Odesa Philharmo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chornomorsk
Chornomorsk ( uk, Чорномо́рськ, ), formerly Illichivsk (, translit. ''Illichivs'k''), is a city in Odesa Raion, Odesa Oblast (province) of south-western Ukraine, dependent on the Port of Chornomorsk. The city is located around the Sukhyi Estuary. Population: Originally, the city was established as a satellite town of Odesa. Geography Chornomorsk is situated on the coast of the Black Sea, south from Odesa. History Before the construction of a port with a city, the region was the site of a number of unorganized farmsteads and hamlets (khutir) that were collectively known as Buhovi khutory ( uk, Бугові Хутори) that were located on agricultural lots of a local landowner Andriy Buhovyi. After establishing of the Soviet regime and "nationalization" and collectivization of the area, in 1927 the settlement was renamed into Illichivskyi Khutir. In 1952 a port was established, and its surrounding territory was urbanized and converted into a city of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Checka
The All-Russian Extraordinary Commission ( rus, Всероссийская чрезвычайная комиссия, r=Vserossiyskaya chrezvychaynaya komissiya, p=fsʲɪrɐˈsʲijskəjə tɕrʲɪzvɨˈtɕæjnəjə kɐˈmʲisʲɪjə), abbreviated as VChK ( rus, ВЧК, p=vɛ tɕe ˈka), and commonly known as Cheka ( rus, Чека, p=tɕɪˈka; from the initialism russian: ЧК, ChK, label=none), was the first of a succession of Soviet Secret police, secret-police organizations. Established on December 5 (Julian calendar, Old Style) 1917 by the Council of People's Commissars, Sovnarkom, it came under the leadership of Felix Dzerzhinsky, a Szlachta, Polish aristocrat-turned-Bolshevik. By late 1918, hundreds of Cheka committees had sprung up in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, RSFSR at the oblast, guberniya, raion, uyezd, and volost levels. Ostensibly set up to protect the revolution from reactionary forces, i.e., "class enemies" such as the bourgeoisie and members o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bogatyr-class Cruiser
The ''Bogatyr'' class were a group of protected cruisers built for the Imperial Russian Navy. Unusually for the Russian navy, two ships of the class were built for the Baltic Fleet and two ships for the Black Sea Fleet. Description After the completion of the , the Russian Navy issued requirements for three large protected cruisers to three separate companies: was ordered from William Cramp & Sons in Philadelphia, United States, was ordered from Krupp- Germaniawerft in Kiel, Germany, and ''Bogatyr'' from Vulcan Stettin, also in Germany. Although ''Askold'' was the fastest cruiser in the Russian fleet at the time of its commissioning, ''Bogatyr'' was selected for further development into a new class of ships. The ''Bogatyr''-class cruisers normally displaced . The ships had an overall length of , a beam of and a mean draft of about . They were powered by two vertical triple-expansion steam engines, each driving one shaft, which developed a total of and gave a maximum speed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crimean Socialist Soviet Republic
The Crimean Socialist Soviet RepublicHarold Henry Fisher. The Famine in Soviet Russia, 1919-1923: The Operations of the American Relief Administration.' Ayer Publishing, 1971. p. 278. (russian: Крымская Социалистическая Советская Республика or Крымская Советская Социалистическая Республика;Крымская ССР ''Xронос: Историческая Энциклопедия''. ("Crimean SSR". ''Chronos: Historical Encyclopedia''.) Retrieved 20 April 2011. crh, Qırım Şuralar Sotsialistik Cumhuriyeti) or the Soviet Socialist Republic of the CrimeaAlan W. Fisher. ''The Crimean Tatars''. Hoover Press, 1978. p. 128. was a state allied with Soviet Russia that existed in Crimea for several months in 1919 during the Russian Civil War. It was the second Bolshevik government in Crimea and its capital was Simferopol. Description In April 1919, the Bolsheviks invaded Crimea for the second time (t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
