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Obrana Národa
Obrana národa (ON) (English: ''Defence of the Nation'') was a Czech resistance organization that fought against the German occupation from 1939 to 1945. It opposed Nazi rule in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The group was founded by General Josef Bílý in April 1939. The Gestapo was able to seek out and destroy the group's leadership on three occasions (February 1940, May 1942 and June 1944), but each time the group was reorganized. Overview of activities The formation of ON was the product of discussions among senior officers of the Army and Ministry of Defense that took place immediately after the Nazi occupation in March 1939. As early as March 19, some of the senior officers in the Czech army, including Gen. Sergej Ingr, Gen. Josef Bílý, and Gen. Sergei Wojciechowski, began talking about establishing a military resistance organization. At first, ON was relatively disorganized, but within a short time it had established itself in Bohemia and Moravia and had devel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English Language
English is a West Germanic language of the Indo-European language family, with its earliest forms spoken by the inhabitants of early medieval England. It is named after the Angles, one of the ancient Germanic peoples that migrated to the island of Great Britain. Existing on a dialect continuum with Scots, and then closest related to the Low Saxon and Frisian languages, English is genealogically West Germanic. However, its vocabulary is also distinctively influenced by dialects of France (about 29% of Modern English words) and Latin (also about 29%), plus some grammar and a small amount of core vocabulary influenced by Old Norse (a North Germanic language). Speakers of English are called Anglophones. The earliest forms of English, collectively known as Old English, evolved from a group of West Germanic (Ingvaeonic) dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the 5th century and further mutated by Norse-speaking Viking settlers starting in the 8th and 9th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alois Eliáš
Alois Eliáš (29 September 1890 – 19 June 1942) was a Czech general and politician. He served as prime minister of the puppet government of the German-occupied Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia from 27 April 1939 to 27 September 1941 but maintained contact with the government-in-exile. Because of his participation in the anti-Nazi resistance, he was the only head of government who was murdered by the Nazis during World War II. Education Eliáš graduated in geodesy from the Czech Technical University in 1911. Working for a private company as a land surveyor, he was sent to Bosnia to work on the construction of a railway.Antonin Eliáš on Czech Government official site Military career After the Austrian declaration of war on |
František Binder
Lieutenant Colonel in memoriam František Binder (22 October 1914 in Hojná Voda, Austria-Hungary – 3 March 1942 in East Wretham, Norfolk) was a Czech soldier who participated in the fights to save the Czechoslovak state borders in the unit SOS - State Defense Guard (part of the Financial Guard) and subsequently for World War II fighting in the Royal Air Force (RAF) against Nazi Germany. After the conflict in the fight with a night fighter he died at RAF home base in England, East Wretham, Norfolk. Military service and service at State Defense Guard * 1 October 1935 - presented to the full-service performance and embodied, as a Private CSA (Czechoslovak Army), at 9 platoon of 1st Infantry Regiment "Mistr Jan Hus", * 16 September 1936 - promoted to the rank of Private first class, * 24 May 1938 - after completing military service he was presented to four week workout in arms, * 25 May 1938 - released into the relationship out of active service as a member of State Defense Guard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otakar Batlička
Otakar Batlička (12 March 1895, Prague, Czech Republic (then part of the Kingdom of Bohemia in Austria-Hungary) – 13 February 1942, Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp) was a Czech adventurer, journalist, ham (amateur) radio operator, and member of the Czech-based Nazi resistance group Obrana Národa during World War II. Early life Batlička was born in Vinohrady, Prague. In his early adult years, he traveled around the world, probably from 1914 to 1920. After his return to Prague, he was active in many areas: in the 1920s he took part in motorcycle races and experimented with electricity; in 1932 he registered as an amateur radio operator, and constructed his own transmitter which he presented at exhibitions and lectures, working for the Prague tram network. War years After the Nazi occupation of Czechoslovakia and the subsequent establishment of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, he became a member of the Obrana Národa; as a radio operator he communicated with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josef Balabán
Josef Balabán (5 June 1894 – 3 October 1941) was a Czechoslovak soldier known for his involvement in the resistance movement against Nazi Germany during World War II. Life Balabán born in Obora gamekeeper's lodge in Dobříš. During World War I he joined the Czechoslovak Legions in Russia. Later, he served as an artillery officer in the Czechoslovak Army, then as a staff officer and at the Ministry of Defense (reaching the rank of lieutenant-colonel). After Germany occupied the remainder of Czech lands in March 1939, Balabán started to cooperate with the resistance group Obrana národa (''Defense of the nation'') that had been organized by former army officers. Beginning in the summer of 1939 he was one of the leaders of the organization. Together with Josef Mašín and Václav Morávek, Balabán was part of the group known as the Three Kings (''Tři králové''), which carried out intelligence gathering and sabotage. The group continued in communication with Paul Thümm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
František Slunečko
František Slunečko (October 2, 1886, Mladá Vožice - December 10, 1963, Prague) was a Czech general, a member of the World War II resistance group Defense of the Nation, and the military commander of Bohemia during the Prague Uprising 1945. Early life and education František Slunečko graduated from the grammar school in České Budějovice in 1905 and received a degree in mechanical engineering from the Czech Technical University in 1909. He began his basic military service on October 1, 1910, in Sankt Pölten (Saint Hypolit), Austria; spent a year at a military school in Linz; served briefly as a platoon commander; and then took a job with the state post office. Military career After the mobilization in July 1914, he was called up to service in the Austro-Hungarian army on August 3, 1914. In October his unit was sent to the Russian front; on December 21, 1914, he was captured by the Russians. At the POW camp in Pokrov, he was involved in the prisoners’ self-government, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
František Bláha (soldier)
František Bláha (26 February 1886, Poděbrady – 21 May 1945, Terezín) was a Czechoslovak soldier, general and one of the senior commanders of the Defense of the Nation. Early life and education Bláha was born on 26 February 1886, in Poděbrady. His father, František Bláha, was a butcher; his mother was named Anna, née Effenbergrová. He graduated from lower grammar school in Hradec Králové. In 1907–1908 he performed military service at the Landgran Regiment in Prague. On 23 November 1914, after the outbreak of the World War I, he was sent to the Russian front, only to be captured after six days. He joined the Czechoslovak legions on 6 January 1916, in Tyumen. After graduating from the officer school in Kyiv and given the rank of lieutenant, he worked on the recruitment committee of the 6th MS. Rifle Regiment. After completing a course in Iași in 1917–1918, again, he took part in battles at Marianovka and Yekaterinburg. He returned to the newly establis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zdeněk Novák
Zdeněk Novák (April 2, 1891, Paskov, Frýdek-Místek District - October 23, 1988, Zadní Třebaň) was a Czech military officer who served in the Austro-Hungarian army, in the Czechoslovak Army, and as a resistance fighter in World War II. Early life and education Novák was born on April 2, 1891, in the village of Paskov. From September 1901 to June 1905 he attended the State Lower Gymnasium, Místek. From September 1905 to June 1907 he attended business school in Uherské Hradiště. From September 1908 to July 1909 he attended the State High School in Brno. From October 1909 to July 1910 he studied at the University of Agriculture in Berlin. In October 1910 he chose to interrupt his studies and volunteered for a year's service in artillery regiment 27 in Josefov, where he studied at a school for reserve artillery officers from December 1910 to May 1911. From May to September 1911, he was an artillery platoon commander in Field Cannon Regiment No. 29, Josefov. On October 1, 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bedřich Homola
Army General Bedřich Homola (2 June 1887, Běleč – 5 January 1943, Berlin, Plötzensee Prison) was a Czechoslovak soldier, general, legionnaire who fought for the Allies during the First World War, and the Head Commander of the anti-Nazi resistance organization Obrana národa ("Defense of the Nation") during the Nazi occupation of Bohemia and Moravia. He used the code name ''Ataman''. Youth He was born on 2 June 1887, in Běleč, today a part of Liteň, to Václav and Marie Homola, who were peasants. After completing elementary school in Lithuania in 1899 he attended secondary school in Hostomice, transferring in 1901 to a German-language school in Bílina. From 1903 to 1907 he attended the College of Civil Engineering in Prague. In 1907–08 he was employed by the Prague architect Zuslicht. In 1908–09 he did volunteer work in Prague; in 1909–10 he worked for a construction company in Serbia and from 1910 to 1914 he had a job at the Prague City Hall. Military career ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ostrava
Ostrava (; pl, Ostrawa; german: Ostrau ) is a city in the north-east of the Czech Republic, and the capital of the Moravian-Silesian Region. It has about 280,000 inhabitants. It lies from the border with Poland, at the confluences of four rivers: Oder, Opava, Ostravice and Lučina. Ostrava is the third largest city in the Czech Republic in terms of both population and area, the second largest city in the region of Moravia, and the largest city in the historical land of Czech Silesia. It straddles the border of the two historic provinces of Moravia and Silesia. The wider conurbation – which also includes the towns of Bohumín, Havířov, Karviná, Orlová, Petřvald and Rychvald – is home to about 500,000 people, making it the largest urban area in the Czech Republic apart from the capital Prague. Ostrava grew in importance due to its position at the heart of a major coalfield, becoming an important industrial engine of the Austrian empire. During the 20th century it was k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olomouc
Olomouc (, , ; german: Olmütz; pl, Ołomuniec ; la, Olomucium or ''Iuliomontium'') is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 99,000 inhabitants, and its larger urban zone has a population of about 384,000 inhabitants (2019). Located on the Morava (river), Morava River, the city is the ecclesiastical metropolis and was a historical capital city of Moravia, before having been sacked by the Swedish Empire, Swedish army during the Thirty Years' War. Today, it is the administrative centre of the Olomouc Region and Statutory city (Czech Republic), the sixth largest city in the Czech Republic. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected by law as Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument reservations, urban monument reservation. The Holy Trinity Column in Olomouc, Holy Trinity Column was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000 for its quintessential Baroque style and symbolic value. Administrative division Olomouc is made up of 26 administrative parts: * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.1945.jpg "Click for more on -> Zdeněk Novák")
