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Ourisia Spathulata
''Ourisia spathulata'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae that is endemic to high-elevation habitats in Southland on the South Island of New Zealand. Mary Kalin Arroyo described ''O. spathulata'' in 1984. Plants of this species of New Zealand mountain foxglove are perennial, small-leaved herbs that are covered in a mixture of glandular and non-glandular hairs. They have velvety, hairy, crenate, spathulate leaves that are oppositely arranged and tightly packed along the creeping stem. The flowers are single or in pairs in each node, with a zygomorphic calyx and corolla. The corolla is white and the corolla tube is glabrous and yellow inside. It is listed as At Risk - Naturally Uncommon. Taxonomy ''Ourisia spathulata'' Arroyo is in the plant family Plantaginaceae. Mary Kalin Arroyo described ''O. confertifolia'' in 1984. The type material was collected by David Given in the Eyre Mountains, Southland, South Island, New Zealand. The holotype is ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mary Kalin Arroyo
Dr. Mary Therese Kalin-Arroyo was born in 1944 in New Zealand. She is currently a professor of biology at the University of Chile. Kalin-Arroyo is notable for revising the indigenous genus ''Ourisia'' and discovering several new species in New Zealand. Her studies have also led to the designation of central Chile as a biodiversity hotspot. Early life and education She earned her BSc honors degree at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand in graduating with first class honours in 1967. She then completed her Ph.D in Botany from UC Berkeley in 1971. The following year, Kalin-Arroyo did a post-doctoral with Peter Raven at the New York Botanical Garden. In 1978, she married her husband Manuel Arroyo and together with their son, moved to the University of Chile where she would work as an associate professor. Dr. Kalin-Arroyo would later become a full professor in 1984. Currently, she is the director of the Institute for Ecology and Biodiversity at the University ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichome
Trichomes (); ) are fine outgrowths or appendages on plants, algae, lichens, and certain protists. They are of diverse structure and function. Examples are hairs, glandular hairs, scales, and papillae. A covering of any kind of hair on a plant is an indumentum, and the surface bearing them is said to be pubescent. Algal trichomes Certain, usually filamentous, algae have the terminal cell produced into an elongate hair-like structure called a trichome. The same term is applied to such structures in some cyanobacteria, such as '' Spirulina'' and ''Oscillatoria''. The trichomes of cyanobacteria may be unsheathed, as in ''Oscillatoria'', or sheathed, as in ''Calothrix''. These structures play an important role in preventing soil erosion, particularly in cold desert climates. The filamentous sheaths form a persistent sticky network that helps maintain soil structure. Plant trichomes Plant trichomes have many different features that vary between both species of plants an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ourisia Confertifolia
''Ourisia confertifolia'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae that is endemic to high-elevations in the southern South Island of New Zealand. Mary Kalin Arroyo described ''O. confertifolia'' in 1984. Plants of this species of New Zealand mountain foxglove are Perennial plant, perennial, small-leaved rosette herbs that have hairy, crenate leaves, and flowers single or in pairs in each node. The corolla tube is glabrous and yellow inside. It is listed as At Risk - Naturally Uncommon. Taxonomy ''Ourisia confertifolia'' Arroyo is in the plant family Plantaginaceae. Mary Kalin Arroyo described ''O. confertifolia'' 1984. The type material was collected by Mary Kalin Arroyo at Gertrude Saddle, Fiordland National Park, South Island, New Zealand. The holotype is housed at the Allan Herbarium of Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research. ''Ourisia confertifolia'' is morphologically similar to other New Zealand small-leaved species, namely ''O. sessilifolia, O. si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chloroplast DNA
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) is the DNA located in chloroplasts, which are photosynthetic organelles located within the cells of some eukaryotic organisms. Chloroplasts, like other types of plastid, contain a genome separate from that in the cell nucleus. The existence of chloroplast DNA was identified biochemically in 1959, and confirmed by electron microscopy in 1962. The discoveries that the chloroplast contains ribosomes and performs protein synthesis revealed that the chloroplast is genetically semi-autonomous. The first complete chloroplast genome sequences were published in 1986, ''Nicotiana tabacum'' (tobacco) by Sugiura and colleagues and ''Marchantia polymorpha'' (liverwort) by Ozeki et al. Since then, a great number of chloroplast DNAs from various species have been sequenced. Molecular structure Chloroplast DNAs are circular, and are typically 120,000–170,000 base pairs long. They can have a contour length of around 30–60 micrometers, and have a mass of about 80â ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ribosomal DNA
Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) is a DNA sequence that codes for ribosomal RNA. These sequences regulate transcription initiation and amplification, and contain both transcribed and non-transcribed spacer segments. In the human genome there are 5 chromosomes with nucleolus organizer regions: the acrocentric chromosomes 13 (RNR1), 14 ( RNR2), 15 ( RNR3), 21 (RNR4) and 22 (RNR5). The genes that are responsible for encoding the various sub-units of rRNA are located across multiple chromosomes in humans. But the genes that encode for rRNA are highly conserved across the domains, with only the copy numbers involved for the genes having varying numbers per species. In Bacteria, Archaea, and chloroplasts the rRNA is composed of different (smaller) units, the large (23S) ribosomal RNA, 16S ribosomal RNA and 5S rRNA. The 16S rRNA is widely used for phylogenetic studies. Eukaryotes The rRNA transcribed from the approximately 600 rDNA repeats forms the most abundant section of RNA found in cells ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetics
In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek language, Greek wikt:φυλή, φυλή/wikt:φῦλον, φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms. These relationships are determined by Computational phylogenetics, phylogenetic inference methods that focus on observed heritable traits, such as DNA sequences, Protein, protein Amino acid, amino acid sequences, or Morphology (biology), morphology. The result of such an analysis is a phylogenetic tree—a diagram containing a hypothesis of relationships that reflects the evolutionary history of a group of organisms. The tips of a phylogenetic tree can be living taxa or fossils, and represent the "end" or the present time in an evolutionary lineage. A phylogenetic diagram can be rooted or unrooted. A rooted tree diagram indicates the hypothetical common ancestor of the tree. An un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southland District
Southland District is a Districts of New Zealand, territorial authority district in New Zealand that covers the south of the South Island as well as Stewart Island, Stewart Island/Rakiura. History Southland District was formed through the 1989 local government reforms. Four local authorities were amalgamated at that time: Wallace County, New Zealand, Wallace County, Winton, New Zealand, Winton Borough, Stewart Island County and most of Southland County. John Casey, who was first elected onto Southland County Council in 1977, oversaw the amalgamation and was elected Southland District's first Mayor of Southland, mayor in 1989. Winton Wallacetown Ward was renamed Oreti Ward with effect from the Council election on 12 October 2019. The Oreti River flows through this ward. Geography Southland District covers the majority of the land area of Southland, New Zealand, Southland Region, although the region also covers Gore, New Zealand, Gore District, Invercargill, Invercargill City and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ourisia Spathulata 1536441
''Ourisia'' is a genus of flowering plants of the family Plantaginaceae, native to Andean South America, Tasmania or New Zealand. Species Species assigned to ''Ourisia'' include: *'' Ourisia alpina'' *'' Ourisia biflora'' *'' Ourisia breviflora'' *''Ourisia caespitosa'' *''Ourisia calycina'' *''Ourisia chamaedrifolia'' * ''Ourisia confertifolia'' *'' Ourisia cotapatensis'' *''Ourisia coccinea'' *''Ourisia crosbyi'' *''Ourisia fragrans'' *''Ourisia fuegiana'' * '' Ourisia glandulosa'' * ''Ourisia integrifolia'' * ''Ourisia macrocarpa'' *''Ourisia macrophylla'' *''Ourisia microphylla'' *'' Ourisia modesta'' *''Ourisia muscosa'' *''Ourisia polyantha'' *''Ourisia pulchella'' *''Ourisia pygmaea'' *''Ourisia remotifolia'' *''Ourisia ruellioides'' *''Ourisia serpyllifolia'' * ''Ourisia sessilifolia'' * ''Ourisia simpsonii'' * ''Ourisia spathulata'' * ''Ourisia vulcanica ''Ourisia vulcanica'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae that is endemic to the Nort ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ourisia Spathulata 177524002
''Ourisia'' is a genus of flowering plants of the family Plantaginaceae, native to Andean South America, Tasmania or New Zealand. Species Species assigned to ''Ourisia'' include: *'' Ourisia alpina'' *'' Ourisia biflora'' *'' Ourisia breviflora'' *''Ourisia caespitosa'' *''Ourisia calycina'' *''Ourisia chamaedrifolia'' * ''Ourisia confertifolia'' *''Ourisia cotapatensis'' *''Ourisia coccinea'' *''Ourisia crosbyi'' *''Ourisia fragrans'' *''Ourisia fuegiana'' * '' Ourisia glandulosa'' * ''Ourisia integrifolia'' * ''Ourisia macrocarpa'' *''Ourisia macrophylla'' *''Ourisia microphylla'' *'' Ourisia modesta'' *''Ourisia muscosa'' *''Ourisia polyantha'' *''Ourisia pulchella'' *''Ourisia pygmaea'' *''Ourisia remotifolia'' *''Ourisia ruellioides'' *''Ourisia serpyllifolia'' * ''Ourisia sessilifolia'' * ''Ourisia simpsonii'' * ''Ourisia spathulata'' * ''Ourisia vulcanica ''Ourisia vulcanica'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae that is endemic to the North ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emarginate
The following is a list of terms which are used to describe leaf morphology in the description and taxonomy of plants. Leaves may be simple (a single leaf blade or lamina) or compound (with several leaflets). The edge of the leaf may be regular or irregular, may be smooth or bearing hair, bristles or spines. For more terms describing other aspects of leaves besides their overall morphology see the leaf article. The terms listed here all are supported by technical and professional usage, but they cannot be represented as mandatory or undebatable; readers must use their judgement. Authors often use terms arbitrarily, or coin them to taste, possibly in ignorance of established terms, and it is not always clear whether because of ignorance, or personal preference, or because usages change with time or context, or because of variation between specimens, even specimens from the same plant. For example, whether to call leaves on the same tree "acuminate", "lanceolate", or "linear" co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Staminode
In botany, a staminode is an often rudimentary, sterile or abortive stamen, which means that it does not produce pollen.Jackson, Benjamin, Daydon; ''A Glossary of Botanic Terms with their Derivation and Accent''; Published by Gerald Duckworth & Co. London, 4th ed 1928 Staminodes are frequently inconspicuous and stamen-like, usually occurring at the inner whorl of the flower, but are also sometimes long enough to protrude from the corolla. Sometimes, the staminodes are modified to produce nectar, as in the Witch Hazel ''( Hamamelis)''.jin lu mei shu. Hamamelis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 124. 1753. Flora of China 9: 32. 2003 Staminodes can be a critical characteristic for differentiating between species, for instance in the orchid genus ''Paphiopedilum'', and among the penstemons. In the case of Cannas, the petals are inconsequential and the staminodes are refined into eye-catching petal-like replacements. A spectacular example of staminode is given by ''Couroupita guianensis'', a tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Didynamous
The stamen (: stamina or stamens) is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower. Collectively, the stamens form the androecium., p. 10 Morphology and terminology A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filament and an anther which contains microsporangia. Most commonly anthers are two-lobed (each lobe is termed a locule) and are attached to the filament either at the base or in the middle area of the anther. The sterile tissue between the lobes is called the connective, an extension of the filament containing conducting strands. It can be seen as an extension on the dorsal side of the anther. A pollen grain develops from a microspore in the microsporangium and contains the male gametophyte. The size of anthers differs greatly, from a tiny fraction of a millimeter in ''Wolfia'' spp up to five inches (13 centimeters) in ''Canna iridiflora'' and ''Strelitzia nicolai''. The stamens in a flower are collectively called the androecium. The androecium can con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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