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Osiedle Zawady, Białystok
Zawady is a district (osiedle) of Białystok, Poland. It is located in the north-eastern part of the city close to National road 19 and Expressway S8. History The district's name takes its origin from the village located there, established in the second half of the 18th century, with 25 farms and belonged to Jan Klemens Branicki. There was also an inn with a brewery in the village. At the end of this century, Zawady was a linear village located on the right (eastern) bank of the Biała River. The layout of its buildings at that time with houses facing the street with their gables suggests that it was founded or regulated during the Volok Reform. At the turn of the 20th century, Zawady was a peasant village in the commune of Białostoczek. The area of the village land covered 480 dessiatin (approx. 524.4 ha), including 175 dessiatin of meadows and pastures (approx. 191.2 ha), 5 dessiatin of forest (approx. 5.5 ha) and 34 dessiatin of wasteland (approx. 37.1 ha). The areas of Zawa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Districts Of Białystok
:''This is a sub-article to Białystok'' The city of Białystok is divided into 29 administrative units known in Polish as (housing estate, or residential neighborhood A neighbourhood (Commonwealth English) or neighborhood (American English) is a geographically localized community within a larger town, city, suburb or rural area, sometimes consisting of a single street and the buildings lining it. Neigh ...; plural: ''osiedla''). The first 27 of these were created by City Council bylaw no. XXXI/331/04 of October 25, 2004. The 28th, Dojlidy Górne, was created by City Council bylaw no. LXII/787/06 of October 23, 2006, out of three settlements which had been incorporated into the city: Dojlidy Górne, Kolonia Halickie, and Zagórki. A new district called Bagnówka was created at the beginning of 2021. Osiedla of the city of Białystok References *Bulletin of Białystok City Hall: City Council resolutions on the administrative division of the city {{Po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Klemens Branicki
Count Jan Klemens Branicki (also known as Jan Kazimierz Branicki; 21 September 1689 – 9 October 1771) was a Polish nobleman, magnate and Hetman, Field Crown Hetman of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth between 1735 and 1752, and Great Crown Hetman between 1752 and 1771. One of the wealthiest Polish magnates in the 18th century, owner of 12 towns, 257 villages and 17 palaces. He was the last male representative of the Branicki family. He was a recipient of the Spanish Order of the Golden Fleece. Biography He was the son of the Palatine of Podlaskie Voivodeship Stefan Mikołaj Branicki and Katarzyna Scholastyka Sapieha, the daughter of Hetman Kazimierz Jan Sapieha. Jan had three wives: The first wife was Princess Katarzyna Barbara Radziwiłł, the daughter of Count and Grand Marshal Karol Stanisław Radziwiłł, whom he married on 1 October 1720 in Biała Podlaska. His second wife was Barbara Szembek in 1732; this marriage ended in a divorce. His third and last w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish People
Polish people, or Poles, are a West Slavic ethnic group and nation who share a common History of Poland, history, Culture of Poland, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Central Europe. The preamble to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland defines the Polish nation as comprising all the citizenship, citizens of Poland, regardless of heritage or ethnicity. The majority of Poles adhere to Roman Catholicism. The population of self-declared Poles in Poland is estimated at 37,394,000 out of an overall population of 38,512,000 (based on the 2011 census), of whom 36,522,000 declared Polish alone. A wide-ranging Polish diaspora (the ''Polish diaspora, Polonia'') exists throughout Eurasia, the Americas, and Australasia. Today, the largest urban concentrations of Poles are within the Warsaw metropolitan area and the Katowice urban area. Ethnic Poles are considered to be the descendants of the ancient West Slavic Lechites and other tribes t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dessiatin
A dessiatin or desyatina () is an archaic, rudimentary measure of area used in tsarist Russia for land measurement. A dessiatin is equal to 2,400 square sazhens and is approximately equivalent to 2.702 English acres, 10,925 square metres, or 1.09 hectare. See also *Historical Russian units of measurement Historical Russian units of measurement were standardized and used in the Russian Empire and after the Russian Revolution of 1917, Russian Revolution, but were abandoned after 21 July 1925, when the Soviet Union adopted the metric system. The Obs ... Units of area Obsolete units of measurement {{Measurement-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Białostoczek (Białystok)
Białostoczek is a district of the City of Białystok, Poland. It is a mixed residential and industrial area. Prior to its incorporation into the city in 1919, it was a separate village. History Białostoczek originally was a grange, later a village at the Wysokostocki grange, and was founded in 1547. In the second half of the eighteenth century, Białostoczek was part of the Highland farm belonging to Jan Klemens Branicki. It was then a large village with 47 farms and an inn. At the end of the 18th century, Białostoczek had the form of a street road, and its layout was characteristic of villages founded or regulated as part of spear measurements. Białostoczek can be seen on city maps from the times of Jan Klemens Branicki. It is already marked on the "Plan du chateauet de la ville de Bialystok" from around 1771. As "Bialystoczek" it is present on the map of New East Prussia from 1808, as well as the tsarist military plan of Bialystok from 1886. Białystok was not included in Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volok Reform
The Volok Reform (; ; ) was a 16th-century land reform in parts of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Lithuania proper, Duchy of Samogitia and parts of White Ruthenia). The reform was started by Grand Duchess Bona Sforza in her possessions to increase the revenues of the state treasury but soon was expanded statewide and was copied by other nobles and the Church. The reform increased effectiveness of agriculture by establishing a strict three-field system for crop rotation. The land was measured, registered in a cadastre, and divided into volok (unit), voloks (land unit of about ). Volok became the measurement of feudal services. The reform was a success in terms of the annual state revenue that quadrupled from 20,000 to 82,000 kopa (number), kopas of Lithuanian groschens. In social terms, the reform and the accompanying Third Statute of Lithuania (1588), promoted development of manorialism and fully established serfdom in Lithuania which existed until the emancipation reform of 1861. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biała (Supraśl)
The Biała is a river in eastern Poland in Podlaskie Voivodeship, a left tributary of the Supraśl River, with a length of 29.9 kilometres and a basin area of 119 km2. Biała passes through Białystok Białystok is the largest city in northeastern Poland and the capital of the Podlaskie Voivodeship. It is the List of cities and towns in Poland, tenth-largest city in Poland, second in terms of population density, and thirteenth in area. Biał ... from south to north-east. Tributaries The major tributaries of Biała are: * Dolistówka * Bażantarka Rivers of Podlaskie Voivodeship Rivers of Poland {{Poland-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brewery
A brewery or brewing company is a business that makes and sells beer. The place at which beer is commercially made is either called a brewery or a beerhouse, where distinct sets of brewing equipment are called plant. The commercial brewing of beer has taken place since at least 2500 BC; in ancient Mesopotamia, brewers derived social sanction and divine protection from the goddess Ninkasi. Brewing was initially a cottage industry, with production taking place at home; by the ninth century, monasteries and farms would produce beer on a larger scale, selling the excess; and by the eleventh and twelfth centuries larger, dedicated breweries with eight to ten workers were being built. The diversity of size in breweries is matched by the diversity of processes, degrees of automation, and kinds of beer produced in breweries. A brewery is typically divided into distinct sections, with each section reserved for one part of the brewing process. History Beer may have been known in N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expressway S8 (Poland)
Expressway S8 or express road S8, officially named The Route of the Heroes of the Battle of Warsaw 1920 ( pl. ''droga ekspresowa S8'', ''Trasa Bohaterów Bitwy Warszawskiej 1920 r.'') is a Polish highway which connects Wrocław via Łódź and Warsaw to Białystok. The whole road is long. Its fragment forming the bypass of Wrocław (22.7 km) is constructed in motorway standard and marked as A8. The road was constructed between 2008 and 2019 (short fragments serving as town bypasses had been constructed earlier). The construction was co-funded by the European Union. In 2019, it was announced that an extension of S8 from Wrocław to Kłodzko was added to the plans. Its main part is planned to be opened by 2027. In 2022, it was announced that there are plans for extending the road further from Kłodzko to the Polish-Czech border in Boboszów which is intended to be constructed by 2033, however in the Czech Republic there is so far no planned expressway that would connec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osiedle
(Polish plural: ) is a term used in Poland to denote a designated subdivision or neighbourhood of a city or its , or of a town, with its own council and executive. Like the and sołectwo, an is an auxiliary unit (''jednostka pomocnicza'') of a gmina. These units are created by decision of the gmina council, and do not have legal personality Legal capacity is a quality denoting either the legal aptitude of a person to have rights and liabilities (in this sense also called transaction capacity), or the personhood itself in regard to an entity other than a natural person (in this sen ... in their own right. In the case of an urban-rural gmina, it is also possible for a whole town to be designated an auxiliary unit. Not all Polish cities or towns have in the above sense. However the word is also frequently used to denote any housing estate or development. ReferencesPolish Act of 8 March 1990 on gmina self-government, as amended(in Polish) Administrative divisions of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Road 19 (Poland)
National road 19 () is part of the National roads in Poland, Polish national road network. The highway connects the north-eastern and southern regions of Poland, running from Kuźnica, Podlaskie Voivodeship, Kuźnica at the Belarus border to Barwinek, Podkarpackie Voivodeship, Barwinek at the Slovakia, Slovak border, traversing through the Podlaskie Voivodeship, Podlaskie, Masovian Voivodeship, Masovian, Lublin Voivodeship, Lublin and Podkarpackie Voivodeship, Podkarpackie voivodeships. National road 19 is part of European highway European route E371, E371. It is soon to be mostly accompanied by the new Expressway S19 (Poland), S19 Expressway Before 1986, the section between Lublin and Rzeszów was road 26, and between Lublin and Radzyń Podlaski was road 24. The remaining length of the route did not have the status of national road. After renumbering of roads, route 19 near Białystok led in the direction of Augustów, Suwałki, to the border in Budzisko (today's road National ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. The territory has a varied landscape, diverse ecosystems, and a temperate climate. Poland is composed of Voivodeships of Poland, sixteen voivodeships and is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union (EU), with over 38 million people, and the List of European countries by area, fifth largest EU country by area, covering . The capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city is Warsaw; other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, and Gdańsk. Prehistory and protohistory of Poland, Prehistoric human activity on Polish soil dates to the Lower Paleolithic, with continuous settlement since the end of the Last Gla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
