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Oniscidea
A woodlouse (plural woodlice) is an isopod crustacean from the polyphyleticThe current consensus is that Oniscidea is actually triphyletic suborder Oniscidea within the order Isopoda. They get their name from often being found in old wood. The first woodlice were marine isopods which are presumed to have colonised land in the Carboniferous, though the oldest known fossils are from the Cretaceous period. They have many common names and although often referred to as terrestrial isopods, some species live semiterrestrially or have recolonised aquatic environments. Woodlice in the families Armadillidae, Armadillidiidae, Eubelidae, Tylidae and some other genera can roll up into a roughly spherical shape ( conglobate) as a defensive mechanism; others have partial rolling ability, but most cannot conglobate at all. Woodlice have a basic morphology of a segmented, dorso-ventrally flattened body with seven pairs of jointed legs, specialised appendages for respiration and like oth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isopoda
Isopoda is an order of crustaceans that includes woodlice and their relatives. Isopods live in the sea, in fresh water, or on land. All have rigid, segmented exoskeletons, two pairs of antennae, seven pairs of jointed limbs on the thorax, and five pairs of branching appendages on the abdomen that are used in respiration. Females brood their young in a pouch under their thorax. Isopods have various feeding methods: some eat dead or decaying plant and animal matter, others are grazers, or filter feeders, a few are predators, and some are internal or external parasites, mostly of fish. Aquatic species mostly live on the seabed or bottom of freshwater bodies of water, but some taxa can swim for a short distance. Terrestrial forms move around by crawling and tend to be found in cool, moist places. Some species are able to roll themselves into a ball as a defense mechanism or to conserve moisture. There are over 10,000 identified species of isopod worldwide, with around 4,50 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armadillidae
Armadillidae is a family of woodlice (Oniscidea; terrestrial crustaceans), comprising around 80 genera and 700 species. It is the largest family of Oniscidea, and one of the most species-rich families of the entire Isopoda. Armadillids generally have a strongly convex body shape, with some rather shallowly convex. Like members of the woodlice family Armadillidiidae, armadillids are capable of enrolling into a sphere (conglobation), and are commonly known as pill bugs. Armadillids differ from the Armadillidiidae in that the antennae are fully enclosed within the sphere. Species of Armadillidae occur in a variety of habitats including forests, savannas, and arid regions. Armadillids occur natively in the Afrotropics, Asia, Australia, the Neotropics, and the Mediterranean region of Europe. A few poorly-known species occur in North America north of Mexico, and some are introduced. The family Armadillidae was erected by German naturalist Johann Friedrich von Brandt in 1831, althou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microcheta
''Mesoniscus'' is a genus of woodlice, placed in its own family, Mesoniscidae, and section, Microcheta. It contains two species – ''Mesoniscus alpicolus'' and ''Mesoniscus graniger'' – that live in Central and Eastern Europe, mostly in and around caves. Distribution ''Mesoniscus'' is restricted to Central Europe and the Balkan Peninsula; the ranges of its two species do not overlap. ''M. alpicolus'' is found in Lombardy and the Northern Calcareous Alps. In Austria, its range extends from the near Innsbruck to the eastern edge of the , although it is also found in isolated pockets of Triassic and Silurian–Devonian limestone in Styria. ''M. graniger'' has a wider distribution than its congener; it is found in much of the Carpathians, including the Bihor and Banat mountains, and in the Dinaric Alps and Julian Alps. It is also found in the Caves of Aggtelek Karst in Hungary. Taxonomy The first description of a woodlouse now in the genus ''Mesoniscus'' was in 18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemilepistus Reaumuri
''Hemilepistus reaumuri'' is a species of woodlouse that lives in and around the deserts of North Africa and the Middle East, "the driest habitat conquered by any species of crustacean". It reaches a length of and a width of up to , and has seven pairs of legs which hold its body unusually high off the ground. The species was described in the ' after the French Campaign in Egypt and Syria of 1798–1801, but was first formally named by Henri Milne-Edwards in 1840 as ''Porcellio reaumuri''. It reached its current scientific name in 1930 after the former subgenus '' Hemilepistus'' was raised to the rank of genus. ''H. reaumuri'' occurs at great population densities and fills an important niche in the desert ecosystem. It feeds on plant leaves, obtains most of its water from moisture in the air and sand, and is in turn an important prey item for the scorpion '' Scorpio maurus''. ''H. reaumuri'' is only able to survive in such arid conditions because it has developed parental care o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ligia Oceanica
''Ligia oceanica'', the sea slater, common sea slater, or sea roach, is a littoral zone woodlouse, living on rocky seashores of the European North Sea and Atlantic coastlines. ''L. oceanica'' is oval, twice as long as broad, and may reach up to in length, making it one of the largest Oniscidae, oniscid isopods. Its colour may vary from grey to olive (color), olive green, and it has large compound eyes and long antenna (biology), antennae, two-thirds as long as its body. ''L. oceanica'' is found in temperate, temperate waters from Norway to the Mediterranean Sea, and from Cape Cod north to Maine. It is a common species, occurring wherever the substrate of the littoral zone is rocky, and is especially common in crevices and rock pools and under stones. It is a nocturnal animal, nocturnal omnivore, eating many kinds of seaweed, diatoms, and detritus, with a particular fondness for bladder wrack (''Fucus vesiculosus''). ''L. oceanica'' individuals live for 2–3 years and usual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platyarthrus Hoffmannseggii
''Platyarthrus hoffmannseggii'' is a species of woodlouse which is closely associated with Ant colony, ants' nests, particularly those of ''Yellow meadow ant, Lasius flavus'', ''Black garden ant, Lasius niger'' and species of ''Myrmica'', where it feeds on ant droppings or mildew. It is white, long, and has a distinctive oval shape and short antenna (biology), antennae. Its distribution appears to follow those of the ants with which it lives, and the British Isles are the north-westerly limit of its range. Elsewhere, ''P. hoffmannseggii'' extends south to the Mediterranean Sea. accessed through the Natural Environment Research Council, NERC Open Access Research Archive (NORA) It is found outside Europe in North Africa and Turkey, and has been introduced to Australia and North America. ''Platyarthrus hoffmannseggii'' should not be confused with ''Porcellio hoffmannseggii,'' who's binomial name is also abbreviated as ''P. hoffmannseggii'' and described by the same researcher. Pres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armadillidiidae
Armadillidiidae is a family of woodlice, a terrestrial crustacean group in the order Isopoda. Unlike members of some other woodlice families, members of this family can roll into a ball, an ability they share with the outwardly similar but unrelated pill millipedes and other animals. This ability gives woodlice in this family their common names of pill bugs or roly polies. Other common names include slaters, potato bugs, doodle bugs and cheeselogs. Most species are native to the Mediterranean Basin, while a few species have wider European distributions. The best-known species, ''Armadillidium vulgare'', was introduced to New England in the early 19th century and has become widespread throughout North America. Ecology and behavior Pill bugs in the family Armadillidiidae are able to form their bodies into a ball shape, in a process known as '' conglobation''. This behaviour is shared with pill millipedes (which are often confused with pill bugs), armadillos, and cuckoo wasps. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplocheta (infraorder)
Ligiidae is a family of woodlice, the only family in the infraorder Diplocheta. Its members are common on rocky shores, in similar habitats to those inhabited by species of the bristletail ''Petrobius'' and the crab ''Cyclograpsus''. The family contains these genera: *'' Caucasoligidium'' Borutzky, 1950 *''Ligia'' Fabricius, 1798 *'' Ligidioides'' Wahrberg, 1922 *''Ligidium ''Ligidium'' is a genus of woodlice. It contains about 46 species, six of which are probably Synonym (taxonomy), taxonomic synonyms of ''Ligidium hypnorum'' or ''Ligidium germanicum''. Of the remainder, eight species are found in North America, s ...'' Brandt, 1833 *'' Tauroligidium'' Borutzky, 1950 *'' Typhloligidium'' Verhoeff, 1918 References Woodlice Crustacean families {{isopod-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eubelidae
Eubelidae is a family of isopods belonging to the order Isopoda. It contains the following genera: *'' Aethiopopactes'' Ferrara & Taiti, 1982 *'' Ambounia'' Dollfus, 1895 *'' Angaribia'' Barnard, 1932 *'' Ankaratridium'' Paulian de Félice, 1950 *'' Aschismatius'' Verhoeff, 1942 *'' Atracheodillo'' Arcangeli, 1950 *'' Benechinus'' Budde-Lund, 1910 *'' Congethelum'' Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1985 *'' Dioscoridillo'' Ferrara & Taiti, 1996 *'' Elumoides'' Taiti & Ferrara, 1983 *'' Ethelum'' Budde-Lund, 1899 *'' Ethelumoides'' Ferrara & Taiti, 1989 *'' Eubelinum'' Taiti, 2014 *'' Eubelum'' Budde-Lund, 1885 *'' Gelsana'' Budde-Lund, 1910 *'' Hiallelgon'' Paulian de Félice, 1945 *'' Hiallides'' Richardson, 1909 *'' Hiallum'' Budde-Lund, 1899 *'' Ignamba'' Budde-Lund, 1910 *'' Kameruthelum'' Verhoeff, 1942 *'' Kenyoniscus'' Schmölzer, 1974 *'' Kivudillo'' Ferrara & Taiti, 1976 *'' Koweitoniscus'' Vandel, 1975 *'' Lobethelum'' Ferrara & Taiti, 1989 *'' Mesarmadillo'' Dollfus, 1892 *''Metaper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tylidae
Tylidae is a family of woodlice. It contains approximately 27 species, all but one in the genus ''Tylos'', the other being ''Helleria brevicornis''. Together with the family Ligiidae Ligiidae is a family (biology), family of woodlouse, woodlice, the only family in the infraorder Diplocheta. Its members are common on rocky shores, in similar habitats to those inhabited by species of the bristletail ''Petrobius'' and the crab ..., Tylidae appears to have diverged early from the remaining woodlouse families. References Woodlice Crustacean families {{isopod-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Cretaceous
The Early Cretaceous ( geochronological name) or the Lower Cretaceous (chronostratigraphic name), is the earlier or lower of the two major divisions of the Cretaceous. It is usually considered to stretch from 145 Ma to 100.5 Ma. Geology Proposals for the exact age of the Barremian-Aptian boundary ranged from 126 to 117 Ma until recently (as of 2019), but based on drillholes in Svalbard the defining early Aptian Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a (OAE1a) was carbon isotope dated to 123.1±0.3 Ma, limiting the possible range for the boundary to c. 122–121 Ma. There is a possible link between this anoxic event and a series of Early Cretaceous large igneous provinces (LIP). The Ontong Java-Manihiki-Hikurangi large igneous province, emplaced in the South Pacific at c. 120 Ma, is by far the largest LIP in Earth's history. The Ontong Java Plateau today covers an area of 1,860,000 km2. In the Indian Ocean another LIP began to form at c. 120 Ma, the Kerguelen P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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