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ONS Postcode Directory
The ONS Postcode Directory (ONSPD) relates both current and terminated postcodes in the United Kingdom to a range of current statutory administrative, electoral, health and other area geographies. It also links postcodes to pre-2002 health areas, 1991 Census enumeration districts for England and Wales, 2001 Census Output Areas (OA) and Super Output Areas (SOA) for England and Wales, 2001 Census OAs and SOAs for Northern Ireland and 2001 Census OAs and Data Zones (DZ) for Scotland. It helps support the production of area based statistics from postcoded data. The ONSPD is produced by ONS Geography, who provide geographic support to the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and geographic services used by other organisations. The ONSPD is issued quarterly. The ONSPD is available for free download in comma separated variable (CSV) format and ASCII text (TXT) formats from the ONS Open Geography Portal. The supplied file contains multi CSVs so that postcode areas can be opened in MS Excel. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postcodes In The United Kingdom
Postal codes used in the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown dependencies are known as postcodes (originally, postal codes). They are alphanumeric and were adopted nationally between 11 October 1959 and 1974, having been devised by the General Post Office ( Royal Mail). A full postcode is known as a "postcode unit" and designates an area with several addresses or a single major delivery point. The structure of a postcode is two alphanumeric codes that show, first, the Post Town and, second, a small group of addresses in that post town. The first alphanumeric code (the Outward code or Outcode) has between two and four characters and the second (the Inward Code or Incode) always has three characters. The Outcode indicates the postcode area and postcode district. It consists of one or two letters, followed by one digit, two digits, or one digit and one letter. This is followed by a space and then the Incode which indicates the postcode sector and delivery poin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Local Health Board
NHS Wales has been organised into administrative units known as Local Health Boards (LHB, ) since 2003. Following a reorganisation in 2009, there are currently seven local health boards in Wales. Local health boards may use an operational name of either University Health Board () or Teaching Health Board (). The LHBs were operationally launched on 1 April 2003, following "The Local Health Boards (Establishment) (Wales) Order 2003" coming into force on 10 February 2003, replacing the five Health Authorities in Wales. In 2003, there were 22 LHBs in Wales, corresponding to one LHB for each principal area of Wales. These new boards would receive roughly three-quarters of the allocated budget for NHS Wales, and the boards were set up to effectively plan services for the populations of their respective local authorities. The boards were given the responsibility of financing hospital trusts, G.Ps, dentists, and other healthcare professionals to provide these services. The Health Commi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Parks Of The United Kingdom
National parks of the United Kingdom ( cy, parciau cenedlaethol; gd, pàircean nàiseanta) are areas of relatively undeveloped and scenic landscape across the country. Despite their name, they are quite different from national parks in many other countries, which are usually owned and managed by governments as protected community resources, and which do not usually include permanent human communities. In the United Kingdom, an area designated as a national park may include substantial settlements and human land uses that are often integral parts of the landscape. Land within national parks remains largely in private ownership. These parks are therefore not "national parks" according to the internationally accepted standard of the IUCN but they are areas of outstanding landscape where planning controls are a little more restrictive than elsewhere. Within the United Kingdom there are fourteen national parks of which nine are in England, three in Wales and two in Scotland. There ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Community Health Partnership
Community Health Partnerships, known as CHPs (pronounced ''Chips'') were subdivisions of Health Boards in Scotland, from 2005 to 2015, after which their functions were fully taken over by Health and Social Care Partnerships in April 2015. CHPs had four roles within their locality: * To deliver primary care services, including community mental health and sexual health services * To work with social services to provide social care * To promote health improvement * To influence strategic planning, including the primary-secondary care interface History In 2003 it was announced that CHPs would be set up as a means to devolve more power to frontline staff, and allow the NHS to work more effectively with other organisations, such as local authorities and the voluntary sector. At the time, this model was suggested as a way to better integrate health services with the council's social work department and some areas of children’s services. The National Health Service Reform (Scotland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Care Trust
A care trust is a type of NHS trust in the English National Health Service and NHS Wales that provides both health and social care. They may carry out a range of services, including social care, mental health services or primary care services. Care Trusts are set up when the NHS and local authorities agree to work closely together, usually where it is felt that a closer relationship between health and social care is needed or would benefit local care services. Care trusts were established under the NHS Plan 2000, in England to bring together in one legal entity the commissioning and provision of health and social care services, especially for older people. Torbay and Southern Devon Health and Care NHS Trust was regarded as the most successful. Others are Worcestershire Health and Care NHS Trust, Bradford District Care Trust, Kent and Medway NHS and Social Care Partnership Trust and Sheffield Health & Social Care NHS Foundation Trust Care trusts do not exist in Scotland S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Primary Care Trust
Primary care trusts (PCTs) were part of the National Health Service in England from 2001 to 2013. PCTs were largely administrative bodies, responsible for commissioning primary, community and secondary health services from providers. Until 31 May 2011, they also provided community health services directly. Collectively PCTs were responsible for spending around 80 per cent of the total NHS budget. Primary care trusts were abolished on 31 March 2013 as part of the Health and Social Care Act 2012, with their work taken over by clinical commissioning groups. Establishment In 1997 the incoming Labour Government abolished GP Fundholding. In April 1999 they established 481 primary care groups in England "thereby universalising fundholding while repudiating the concept." Primary and community health services were brought together in a single Primary Care Group controlling a unified budget for delivering health care to and improving the health of communities of about 100,000 people. A PC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Travel To Work Area
A travel to work area or TTWA is a statistical tool used by UK Government agencies and local authorities, especially by the Department for Work and Pensions and Jobcentres, to indicate an area where the population would generally commute to a larger town, city or conurbation for the purposes of employment. Significance As a measure based on urban areas and their commuter hinterland they are a form of metropolitan area, though as methods of calculation differ they cannot directly be compared with other specific measurements such as metropolitan statistical areas in the United States. TTWAs have no legal status. However, they give planners and geographers an alternate view of urban life as their boundaries are tied not to arbitrary administrative limits but socio-economic ties. Having an idea of where people commute from for work is particularly useful for public transport planning. Definition Travel to work areas are defined by the Office for National Statistics using censu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Learning And Skills Council
The Learning and Skills Council (LSC) was a non-departmental public body jointly sponsored by the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS) and the Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF) in England. It closed on 31 March 2010 and was replaced by the Skills Funding Agency and the Young People's Learning Agency. History The LSC was established in April 2001, under the Learning and Skills Act 2000. It replaced the 72 training and enterprise councils and the Further Education Funding Council for England. In 2006 it had an annual budget of £10.4 billion. It was described as Britain's largest Quango. Until June 2007, it was sponsored by the former Department for Education and Skills (DfES). Economic mismanagement in college re-building In July 2009, the Public Accounts Committee described the LSC's handling of its college building programme as 'catastrophic mismanagement'. It resulted in a £2.7 billion debt, with 144 college building contracts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Parliament Constituency
Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) are elected by the population of the member states of the European Union (EU). The European Electoral Act 2002 allows member states the choice to allocate electoral subdivisions or constituencies (, , , ) for the European Parliament elections in several different ways. Most EU countries operate a single national constituency which elects MEPs for the whole country. Belgium and Ireland are each subdivided into constituencies, with electoral results calculated separately in each constituency. Germany, Italy and Poland are each subdivided into electoral districts, with the number of representatives determined at the national level after each election in proportion to the votes cast in each district. In Germany, political parties are entitled to present lists of candidates either at Länder or national level. France was subdivided into 8 constituencies from 2004 until 2019. Denmark had a separate constituency for Greenland until 1985, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom Parliament Constituencies
The Parliament of the United Kingdom currently has 650 parliamentary constituencies across the constituent countries (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland), each electing a single member of parliament (MP) to the House of Commons by the plurality (first past the post) voting system, ordinarily every five years. Voting last took place in all 650 of those constituencies at the United Kingdom general election on 12 December 2019. The number of seats rose from 646 to 650 at the 2010 general election after proposals made by the boundary commissions for England, Wales and Northern Ireland (the Fifth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies) were adopted through statutory instruments. Constituencies in Scotland remained unchanged, as the Boundary Commission for Scotland had completed a review just before the 2005 general election, which had resulted in a reduction of 13 seats. Primary legislation provides for the independence of the boundary commissions for each of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Historical And Alternative Regions Of England
England is divided by a number of different regional schemes for various purposes. Since the creation of the regions of England, Government Office Regions in 1994 and their adoption for statistical purposes in 1999, some historical regional schemes have become obsolete. However, many alternative regional designations also exist and continue to be widely used. Alternative Cultural Informal and overlapping regional designations are often used to describe areas of England. They include: *English Midlands, Midlands, often considered interchangeable with Mercia ** **Welsh Marches **Staffordshire Potteries **Three Counties *Northern England **Scottish Marches *Southern England **Home Counties ***M4 corridor ****Thames Valley ** Cinque Ports **West Country, often considered interchangeable with Wessex Heptarchy Heptarchy, former kingdom names which did not become counties have continued to be recognised by organisations as regions: * , generally interchangeable the West Country excluding ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regions Of England
The regions, formerly known as the government office regions, are the highest tier of sub-national division in England, established in 1994. Between 1994 and 2011, nine regions had officially devolved functions within government. While they no longer fulfil this role, they continue to be used for statistical and some administrative purposes. While the UK was a member of the European Union, they defined areas (European Parliament constituencies in the United Kingdom, constituencies) for the purposes of elections to the European Parliament. Eurostat also used them to demarcate First level NUTS of the European Union, first level Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) regions ("NUTS 1 regions") within the European Union, which in 2021 were superseded by International Territorial Level (ITL) regions ("ITL 1 regions"). The regions generally follow the boundaries of the former Historical and alternative regions of England#Standard statistical regions, standard regions, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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