Nickel Plate Mine
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Nickel Plate Mine
Nickel Plate Mine was a gold mine on Nickel Plate Mountain at Hedley in the Similkameen region of southern British Columbia. Discoveries In 1894, Keremeos rancher, J.L. Coulthard, in partnership with Edgar Dewdney, staked three claims on what became known as Nickel Plate Mountain, but allowed the claims to lapse. In 1897, C. Johnston and Albert Jacobsen staked the Copper Cleft and the Mound claims for their sponsor, W.Y. Williams, manager of the Granby mines at Phoenix, and Peter Scott staked the Rollo for Robert R. Hedley, manager of the Hall Mines smelter at Nelson. Meanwhile, Constantine H. Arundel and Frances E.R. Woolaston, on finding surface traces of gold ore, staked the Bulldog, the Sunnyside, the Copperfield, the Iron Duke, the Horsefly, the Exchange Fraction, and the Nickel Plate. The subsequent gold rush led to registered claims covering almost the whole mountain by the end of 1898. The mountain base tent settlement on Twenty Mile (Hedley) Creek was called Hedley camp ...
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Canada
Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching , is the world's longest binational land border. Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. Indigenous peoples have continuously inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years. Beginning in the 16th century, British and French expeditions explored and later settled along the Atlantic coast. As a consequence of various armed conflicts, France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces an ...
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Tipple
A tipple is a structure used at a mine to load the extracted product (e.g., coal, ores) for transport, typically into railroad hopper cars. In the United States, tipples have been frequently associated with coal mines, but they have also been used for hard rock mining. Operation Basic coal tipples simply load coal into railroad cars. Many tipples had simple screening equipment to sort coal pieces by size before loading. Today, a coal mine facility usually includes a coal preparation plant which washes coal of soil and rock, before loading it for transport to market. The term "tipple" may be used interchangeably with coal prep plant. Tipples were initially used with minecarts, also called ''tubs'' or ''tram cars'', or ''mine cars'' in the U.S. These were small hopper cars that carried the product on a mine railway out of the mine. When a mine car entered the upper level of the tipple, its contents were dumped through a chute leading to a railroad hopper car positioned on a track r ...
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Princeton, British Columbia
Princeton (originally Vermilion Forks) is a town in the Similkameen region of southern British Columbia, Canada."The rich history of Princeton or how Vermilion Forks made it on the map...", Princeton 2008 Visitors Guide, p. 4. It lies just east of the Cascade Mountains, which continue south into Washington, Oregon and California. The Tulameen and Similkameen Rivers converge here."Everything you've ever wanted to know about Princeton...", Princeton 2008 Visitors Guide, p. 6. At the 2016 census, the population was 2,828. Princeton centres on seven blocks of businesses along Bridge Street and five blocks on Vermilion Avenue; there are also businesses along British Columbia Highway 3."Princeton... 'Beautiful B.C. at its Best'", Princeton 2008 Visitors Guide, p. 9. Historically, the area's main industry has been mining—copper, gold, coal, and some platinum—The town's biggest employers are Copper Mountain Mine and a sawmill owned by Weyerhaeuser, along with a few smaller timber ...
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Great Northern Railway (U
Great Northern Railway or Great Northern Railroad may refer to: Australia *Great Northern Railway (Queensland) in Australia *Great Northern Rail Services in Victoria, Australia *Central Australia Railway was known as the great Northern Railway in the 1890s in South Australia *Main North railway line, New South Wales (Australia) Canada *Great Northern Railway of Canada Ireland *Great Northern Railway (Ireland) New Zealand *Kingston Branch (New Zealand) in Southland *Main North Line, New Zealand and Waiau Branch in Canterbury United Kingdom *Great Northern Railway (Great Britain) **Thameslink and Great Northern, a current operator of trains on this route United States *Great Northern Railway (U.S.), now part of the BNSF Railway system *International – Great Northern Railroad in Texas, U.S., now part of the Union Pacific Railroad *New Orleans, Jackson and Great Northern The New Orleans, Jackson and Great Northern was a gauge railway originally commissioned by the St ...
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Vancouver, Victoria And Eastern Railway
The Vancouver, Victoria and Eastern Railway (VV&E) was a railway line proposed to connect Metro Vancouver with the Kootenays, in Canada. After acquisition by the Great Northern Railway (GN), most of the route was built, but a through service, using the arranged running rights on the tracks of other companies, never eventuated. Capturing the Kootenay traffic The north-south mountain ranges of southeastern British Columbia directed the flow of traffic in those directions. In the late 1880s, steamboats connected with the transcontinental railways of either the Canadian Pacific Railway (CP), or to the south, the Northern Pacific Railway (NP), or the GN. In 1891, CP opened the isolated Columbia and Kootenay Railway (C&K) along an unnavigable stretch of the Kootenay River, solely to link boat routes. However, steamboats were seasonal because of ice in winter and low water in summer. In 1893, independent railroader Daniel Corbin was first to address this problem by opening his Spokane ...
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Everett, Washington
Everett is the county seat and largest city of Snohomish County, Washington, United States. It is north of Seattle and is one of the main cities in the metropolitan area and the Puget Sound region. Everett is the seventh-largest city in the state by population, with 110,629 residents as of the 2020 census. The city is primarily situated on a peninsula at the mouth of the Snohomish River along Port Gardner Bay, an inlet of Possession Sound (itself part of Puget Sound), and extends to the south and west. The Port Gardner Peninsula was historically inhabited by the Snohomish people, who had a winter village named Hibulb near the mouth of the river. Modern settlement in the area began with loggers and homesteaders arriving in the 1860s, but plans to build a city were not conceived until 1890. A consortium of East Coast investors seeking to build a major industrial city acquired land in the area and filed a plat for "Everett", which they named in honor of Everett Colby, the son o ...
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Hedley Mascot Mine
Mascot Mine of Hedley was a gold mine on Nickel Plate Mountain at Hedley in the Similkameen region of southern British Columbia. Discovery In 1899, aware that prospectors rarely staked claims on near vertical terrain, Duncan Woods studied a map of what became known as Nickel Plate Mountain. Noting an almost sliver on the edge of a precipice, which plunged down to Twenty Mile (Hedley) Creek, he staked his claim. Dormant Choosing the Mascot as a name, but unable to secure development funds, his only activity was paying the fee each year to maintain title. To access a separate part of its property, the Daly Reduction Company (DRC) approached Woods in 1904. However, he rejected the offer to tunnel through and mine his claim. When DRC had the properties resurveyed, the Mascot claim shrank to only . In 1909, the Hedley Gold Mining Co. (HGM) bought the DRC operation. In 1920, HGM gained government permission to cut a tunnel through the Mascot claim, without paying compensation. Co ...
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Tailings Dam
A tailings dam is typically an earth-fill embankment dam used to store byproducts of mining operations after separating the ore from the gangue. Tailings can be liquid, solid, or a slurry of fine particles, and are usually highly toxic and potentially radioactive. Solid tailings are often used as part of the structure itself. Tailings dams rank among the largest engineered structures on earth. The Syncrude Mildred Lake Tailings Dyke in Alberta, Canada, is an embankment dam about long and from high. It is the largest dam structure on earth by volume, and as of 2001 it was believed to be the largest earth structure in the world by volume of fill. There are key differences between tailings dams and the more familiar hydroelectric dams. Tailings dams are designed for permanent containment, meaning they are intended to "remain there forever". Copper, gold, uranium and other mining operations produce varied kinds of waste, much of it toxic, which pose varied challenges for long-term ...
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Tacoma, Washington
Tacoma ( ) is the county seat of Pierce County, Washington, United States. A port city, it is situated along Washington's Puget Sound, southwest of Seattle, northeast of the state capital, Olympia, Washington, Olympia, and northwest of Mount Rainier National Park. The city's population was 219,346 at the time of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. Tacoma is the second-largest city in the Puget Sound area and the List of municipalities in Washington, third-largest in the state. Tacoma also serves as the center of business activity for the South Sound region, which has a population of about 1 million. Tacoma adopted its name after the nearby Mount Rainier, called wikt:Tacoma, təˡqʷuʔbəʔ in the Lushootseed, Puget Sound Salish dialect. It is locally known as the "City of Destiny" because the area was chosen to be the western terminus of the Northern Pacific Railroad in the late 19th century. The decision of the railroad was influenced by Tacoma's neighboring deep-wat ...
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Double-track Railway
A double-track railway usually involves running one track in each direction, compared to a single-track railway where trains in both directions share the same track. Overview In the earliest days of railways in the United Kingdom, most lines were built as double-track because of the difficulty of co-ordinating operations before the invention of the telegraph. The lines also tended to be busy enough to be beyond the capacity of a single track. In the early days the Board of Trade did not consider any single-track railway line to be complete. In the earliest days of railways in the United States most lines were built as single-track for reasons of cost, and very inefficient timetable working systems were used to prevent head-on collisions on single lines. This improved with the development of the telegraph and the train order system. Operation Handedness In any given country, rail traffic generally runs to one side of a double-track line, not always the same side as ...
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Single-track Railway
A single-track railway is a railway where trains traveling in both directions share the same track. Single track is usually found on lesser-used rail lines, often branch lines, where the level of traffic is not high enough to justify the cost of constructing and maintaining a second track. Advantages and disadvantages Single track is significantly cheaper to build and maintain, but has operational and safety disadvantages. For example, a single-track line that takes 15 minutes to travel through would have capacity for only two trains per hour in each direction safely. By contrast, a double track with signal boxes four minutes apart can allow up to 15 trains per hour in each direction safely, provided all the trains travel at the same speed. This hindrance on the capacity of a single track may be partly overcome by making the track one-way on alternate days, if the single track is not used for public passenger transit. Long freight trains are a problem if the passing s ...
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Hopper (particulate Collection Container)
A hopper is a large, pyramidal or cone shaped container used in industrial processes to hold particulate matter or flow-able material of any sort (like dust, gravel, nuts or seeds) and dispense these from the bottom when needed. In some specialized applications even small metal or plastic assembly components can be loaded and dispensed by small hopper systems. In the case of dust collection hoppers the dust can be collected from expelled air. Hoppers for dust collection are often installed in groups to allow for a greater collection quantity. Hoppers are used in many industries to hold material until it is needed, such as flour, sugar or nuts for food manufacturing, food pellets for livestock, crushed ores for refining, etc. Dust hoppers are employed in industrial processes that use air pollution control devices such as dust collectors, electrostatic precipitators, and baghouses/fabric filters. Most hoppers are made of steel. Process Materials can be added either manually or aut ...
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