|
Neunzehnerrufen
Neunzehnerrufen (German: "Call the Nineteen") is an Austrian card game of the Tarock (tarot) family for four players. Under the name Taroky or Czech Taroky it is the national Tarock variant of the Czech Republic and Slovakia, but - with certain variations – is also played in parts of the Austrian states of Upper Austria, Lower Austria and the Styria as well as in Poland south of the River Vistula. Despite its name, the game is less related to Zwanzigerrufen than to Königrufen. However, it differs from the latter in the number and way the packets are dealt: 12 cards to each of the four players, 2 × 3 cards go, as a talon into the middle of the table. Thus there has been and is a cross-fertilization process between the two variants, with the exchange of game and bonus declarations. Major differences from Königrufen * As the name suggests, a playing partner during a contract of ''Rufer'' (''Ruferspiel'') may not specify a King, but the Tarock XIX. * In contracts in which the a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Königrufen
Königrufen or Königsrufen (German: "Call the King") is a four-player, trick-taking card game of the Tarot card games, tarot family, played in Austria and Southern Tyrol, with variants for two, three and six players. As with other regional tarot card games, it is usually called Tarock (the German term for tarot card games) by its players. It is the only variant of Tarock that is played over most of Austria and, in 2001, was the most popular card game in Austria after Schnapsen and Rommé. By 2015, it had become "the favourite card game of Austrians". It has been described as the most interesting tarot game for four players, the "Game of Kings", a game that requires intelligence and, with 22 trumps in play, as good "training for the brain". In comparison with other card games, Königrufen may be played with a wide range of possible contracts. The name of the game comes from the practice in the most basic contracts of naming a specific King in order to choose a playing partner, kno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarock (card Games)
Tarot games are card games played with tarot decks, that is, decks with numbered permanent trumps parallel to the suit cards. The games and decks which English-speakers call by the French name Tarot are called Tarocchi in the original Italian, Tarock in German and various similar words in other languages. The basic rules first appeared in the manuscript of Martiano da Tortona, written before 1425. The games are known in many variations, mostly cultural and regional. Tarot games originated in Italy, and spread to most parts of Europe, notable exceptions being the British Isles, the Iberian peninsula, and the Balkans.David Parlett, ''Oxford Dictionary of Card Games'', pg. 300 Oxford University Press (1996) They are played with decks having four ordinary suits, and one additional, longer suit of tarots, which are always trumps. They are characterised by the rule that a player who cannot follow to a trick with a card of the suit led ''must'' play a trump to the trick if possible. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarock Card Games
Tarot games are card games played with tarot decks, that is, decks with numbered permanent Trump (card games), trumps parallel to the Playing card suit, suit cards. The games and decks which English-speakers call by the French name Tarot are called Tarocchi in the original Italian, Tarock in German and various similar words in other languages. The basic rules first appeared in the manuscript of Martiano da Tortona, written before 1425. The games are known in many variations, mostly cultural and regional. Tarot games originated in Italy, and spread to most parts of Europe, notable exceptions being the British Isles, the Iberian peninsula, and the Balkans.David Parlett, ''Oxford Dictionary of Card Games'', pg. 300 Oxford University Press (1996) They are played with decks having four ordinary suits, and one additional, longer suit of tarots, which are always trump (card games), trumps. They are characterised by the rule that a player who cannot follow to a trick with a card of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zwanzigerrufen
Zwanzigerrufen or Zwanz'gerrufen is the leading trick-taking card game of the Tarock family in many regions of eastern Austria. Its rules are simpler than the game of Königrufen which is more widely played in the whole of Austria. As is common in Tarock games, the cards have various point values – the primary goal in an individual game is to win the majority of points. Cards Zwanzigerrufen is played with 40 cards taken from the 54-card deck used for Königrufen (the so-called Industrie und Glück deck). The resulting deck consists of 20 tarocks as trumps and 20 plain suit cards. The tarocks are numbered with Roman numerals from I to XXI, in addition there is the unnumbered ''Sküs'' or ''Gstieß''. Tarocks II and III are removed in Zwanzigerrufen. The tarocks each count as 1 point; only the Trull cards - I (Pagat), XXI (Mond) and Sküs - each count as 5. In the suit cards are the King (5 points), Queen (4), Knight (3), Jack (2) and a so-called Baldy (''Glatze'') as a set in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Styria
Styria (german: Steiermark ; Serbo-Croatian and sl, ; hu, Stájerország) is a state (''Bundesland'') in the southeast of Austria. With an area of , Styria is the second largest state of Austria, after Lower Austria. Styria is bordered to the south by Slovenia, and clockwise, from the southwest, by the Austrian states of Carinthia, Salzburg, Upper Austria, Lower Austria, and Burgenland. The state capital is Graz. Etymology The March of Styria derived its name from the original seat of its ruling Otakar dynasty: Steyr, in today's Upper Austria. In German, the area is still called "Steiermark" while in English the Latin name "Styria" is used. The ancient link between Steyr and Styria is also apparent in their nearly identical coats of arms, a white Panther on a green background. Geography * The term "Upper Styria" (german: Obersteiermark) refers to the northern and northwestern parts of the federal-state (districts Liezen, Murau, Murtal, Leoben, Bruck-Mürzzuschlag). * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Sedlaczek
Robert Sedlaczek (born 1952) is an Austrian journalist, Germanist and non-fiction author.Entry for Robert Sedlaczek in the catalogue of the German National Library (DNB). Retrieved 2 August 2020. He is best known for his works on aspects of the German language. In addition, he writes books and articles on cultural history topics. In his book ''Die Tante Jolesch und ihre Zeit. Eine Recherche'' he traced the history of the industrial family of the same name as well as the lawyer, Hugo Sperber. These people are characters in 's book ''Die Tante Jolesch''. Life Robert Sedlaczek was born 2 April 1952 in |
Wolfgang Mayr
Wolfgang Mayr (born 1944) is an Austrian journalist and former chief editor of Austria Presse Agentur. Life Mayr was born on 11 June 1944 in Schärding, Upper Austria. The son of an Innviertel teacher and merchant family, he attended the Stift Kremsmünster humanistic high school and then went to study in Vienna. In 1968, he joined the editorial team of the Austria Press Agency. In 1981 he became deputy head of department and in 1988 head of the foreign policy editorial department. From 1988 he worked as managing editor, became deputy editor-in-chief in 1993 and took over as successor to Josef A. Nowak in 1997. He campaigned for a modern and service-oriented agency, in particular by setting up an image service and a graphic editorial team in the 1980s and 1990s. He retired in 2005. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael Dummett
Sir Michael Anthony Eardley Dummett (27 June 1925 – 27 December 2011) was an English academic described as "among the most significant British philosophers of the last century and a leading campaigner for racial tolerance and equality." He was, until 1992, Wykeham Professor of Logic at the University of Oxford. He wrote on the history of analytic philosophy, notably as an interpreter of Frege, and made original contributions particularly in the philosophies of mathematics, logic, language and metaphysics. He was known for his work on truth and meaning and their implications to debates between realism and anti-realism, a term he helped to popularize. He devised the Quota Borda system of proportional voting, based on the Borda count. In mathematical logic, he developed an intermediate logic, already studied by Kurt Gödel: the Gödel–Dummett logic. Education and army service Born 27 June 1925, Dummett was the son of George Herbert Dummett (1880–1970), a silk merchant, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Talon (cards)
A talon (; French for "heel") in card games is a stack of undealt cards that is placed on the table to be used during the actual game. Depending on the game or region, they may also be referred to as the blind, kitty, skat, stock, tapp or widow (US). Description In 1909, Meyers Lexicon described the talon as ''"the cards left over after dealing..."'' In games of chance, such as Pharo it is ''"the stock of cards which the banker draws on"''. The talon is usually a pack of cards, placed face down, in the middle of the card table. In other games, there are however very different variations, for example in Königrufen. Talons may be placed face up or face down. Parlett describes a ''kitty'' as "the pool or pot being played for" or "a dead hand or widow". He also equates ''talon'' to ''stock'' as the "cards which are not dealt initially but may be drawn from or dealt out later in the play."Parlett, David. ''The Penguin Book of Card Games''. London: Penguin (2008), p. 642-646. . Exa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
River Vistula
The Vistula (; pl, Wisła, ) is the longest river in Poland and the ninth-longest river in Europe, at in length. The drainage basin, reaching into three other nations, covers , of which is in Poland. The Vistula rises at Barania Góra in the south of Poland, Above mean sea level, above sea level in the Silesian Beskids (western part of Carpathian Mountains), where it begins with the Little White Vistula (''Biała Wisełka'') and the Black Little Vistula (''Czarna Wisełka''). It flows through Poland's largest cities, including Kraków, Sandomierz, Warsaw, Płock, Włocławek, Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Świecie, Grudziądz, Tczew and Gdańsk. It empties into the Vistula Lagoon (''Zalew Wiślany'') or directly into the Gdańsk Bay of the Baltic Sea with a river delta, delta of six main branches (Leniwka, Przekop, Śmiała Wisła, Martwa Wisła, Nogat and Szkarpawa). The river is often associated with Polish culture, history and national identity. It is the country's most important ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous member state of the European Union. Warsaw is the nation's capital and largest metropolis. Other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, Gdańsk, and Szczecin. Poland has a temperate transitional climate and its territory traverses the Central European Plain, extending from Baltic Sea in the north to Sudeten and Carpathian Mountains in the south. The longest Polish river is the Vistula, and Poland's highest point is Mount Rysy, situated in the Tatra mountain range of the Carpathians. The country is bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. It also shares maritime boundaries with Denmark and Sweden. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upper Austria
Upper Austria (german: Oberösterreich ; bar, Obaöstareich) is one of the nine states or of Austria. Its capital is Linz. Upper Austria borders Germany and the Czech Republic, as well as the other Austrian states of Lower Austria, Styria, and Salzburg. With an area of and 1.49 million inhabitants, Upper Austria is the fourth-largest Austrian state by land area and the third-largest by population. History Origins For a long period of the Middle Ages, much of what would become Upper Austria constituted Traungau, a region of the Duchy of Bavaria. In the mid-13th century, it became known as the Principality above the Enns River ('), this name being first recorded in 1264. (At the time, the term "Upper Austria" also included Tyrol and various scattered Habsburg possessions in South Germany.) Early modern era In 1490, the area was given a measure of independence within the Holy Roman Empire, with the status of a principality. By 1550, there was a Protestant majority. In 1564, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
