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Netherlands–Pakistan Relations
The Netherlands–Pakistan relations (cultural phrase: Dutch-Pakistani relations) refers to the bilateral, economic, cultural and historical relations between the Netherlands and Pakistan. The Netherlands maintains a permanent embassy in Islamabad and honorary consulates in Karachi and Lahore. Pakistan has an embassy in The Hague. Diplomatic history Pakistan and the Netherlands established bilateral relations soon after the independence of Pakistan. The Dutch Embassy opened in Karachi in 1955 and shifted to Islamabad ten years later. Pakistan soon became a partner country for the Netherlands, receiving substantial Development Cooperation funds from the 1960s onwards, in particular in the areas of water management/environment, education and governance. In 2011, the Dutch government decided to terminate the structural development projects and shift the focus to trade relations. Since 2004, the Netherlands has hosted more than 100 junior diplomats of Pakistan who were educated and o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bilateralism
Bilateralism is the conduct of political, economic, or cultural relations between two sovereign states. It is in contrast to unilateralism or multilateralism, which is activity by a single state or jointly by multiple states, respectively. When states recognize one another as sovereign states and agree to diplomatic relations, they create a bilateral relationship. States with bilateral ties will exchange diplomatic agents such as ambassadors to facilitate dialogues and cooperations. Economic agreements, such as free trade agreements (FTA) or foreign direct investment (FDI), signed by two states, are a common example of bilateralism. Since most economic agreements are signed according to the specific characteristics of the contracting countries to give preferential treatment to each other, not a generalized principle but a situational differentiation is needed. Thus through bilateralism, states can obtain more tailored agreements and obligations that only apply to particular cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Factorij
Factory was the common name during the medieval and early modern eras for an entrepôt – which was essentially an early form of free-trade zone or transshipment point. At a factory, local inhabitants could interact with foreign merchants, often known as factors. First established in Europe, factories eventually spread to many other parts of the world. The origin of the word ''factory'' is ( pt, feitoria; nl, factorij; french: factorerie, ). The factories established by European states in Africa, Asia and the Americas from the 15th century onward also tended to be official political dependencies of those states. These have been seen, in retrospect, as the precursors of colonial expansion. A factory could serve simultaneously as market, warehouse, customs, defense and support to navigation exploration, headquarters or ''de facto'' government of local communities. In North America, Europeans began to trade with the natives during the 16th century. Colonists created factor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Netherlands–Pakistan Relations
The Netherlands–Pakistan relations (cultural phrase: Dutch-Pakistani relations) refers to the bilateral, economic, cultural and historical relations between the Netherlands and Pakistan. The Netherlands maintains a permanent embassy in Islamabad and honorary consulates in Karachi and Lahore. Pakistan has an embassy in The Hague. Diplomatic history Pakistan and the Netherlands established bilateral relations soon after the independence of Pakistan. The Dutch Embassy opened in Karachi in 1955 and shifted to Islamabad ten years later. Pakistan soon became a partner country for the Netherlands, receiving substantial Development Cooperation funds from the 1960s onwards, in particular in the areas of water management/environment, education and governance. In 2011, the Dutch government decided to terminate the structural development projects and shift the focus to trade relations. Since 2004, the Netherlands has hosted more than 100 junior diplomats of Pakistan who were educated and o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pakistan–European Union Relations
European Union–Pakistan relations are the international relations between the common foreign policy and trade relations of the European Union and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Trade In 1976, the first European Commission – Pakistan Commercial Cooperation Agreement was signed and 10 years later, a Commercial and Cooperation Agreement valid for 5 years is signed as well and with extensions by tacit agreement ever since. In order to enhance Pakistan's capacity on the World Trade Organization (WTO) related issues, trade-related technical assistance programmewas launched in 2004 with a view to streamlining procedures and processes for trade facilitation in compliance with EU norms and standards. In May 2007, the European Union and Pakistan set up a “Sub-Group on Trade” under the Pakistan-EU Joint Commission. Since January 2014, Pakistan has benefitted from thGeneralized System of Preferences Plus(GSP+). The GSP+ grants full removal of tariffs on over 66% of EU tariff lin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foreign Relations Of Pakistan
The Islamic Republic of Pakistan maintains a large network of diplomatic relations across the world. Pakistan is the second largest Muslim- majority country in terms of population (after Indonesia) and is the only Muslim majority nation to have possession of nuclear weapons. Pakistan's economy is integrated into the world with strong trade ties to the EU and economic alliances and agreements with many Asian nations. Pakistan is in a strategic geopolitical location, being situated at the corridor of major maritime and land-based transit routes reaching from the energy-rich regions of Central Asia and the Middle East, to the population centers of South and East Asia. Pakistan also has geostrategic hotspots such as Afghanistan, China, India and Iran as immediate neighbors. Pakistan maintains a tense relationship with the Republic of India due to the Kashmir conflict, close ties with the People's Republic of China, Turkey, Saudi Arabia and Gulf Arab states, and fluctuating re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foreign Relations Of The Netherlands
The foreign policy of the Netherlands is based on four basic commitments: to the Atlantic cooperation, to European integration, to international development and to international law. While historically the Kingdom of the Netherlands was a neutral state, since 1945 it has become a member of NATO, the United Nations, the European Union and many other international organizations. The Dutch economy is very open and relies on international trade. During and after the 17th century—its Golden Age—the Dutch built up a commercial and colonial empire. It was a leading shipping and naval power and was often at war with England, its main rival. Its main colonial holding was Indonesia, which fought for and achieved independence after 1945. The historical ties inherited from its colonial past still influence the foreign relations of the Netherlands. Foreign trade policy is handled by the European Union. The Dutch have been active in international peacekeeping roles. History In the D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Double Taxation Agreement
A tax treaty, also called double tax agreement (DTA) or double tax avoidance agreement (DTAA), is an agreement between two countries to avoid or mitigate double taxation. Such treaties may cover a range of taxes including income taxes, inheritance taxes, value added taxes, or other taxes. Besides bilateral treaties, multilateral treaties are also in place. For example, European Union (EU) countries are parties to a multilateral agreement with respect to value added taxes under auspices of the EU, while a joint treaty on mutual administrative assistance of the Council of Europe and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is open to all countries. Tax treaties tend to reduce taxes of one treaty country for residents of the other treaty country to reduce double taxation of the same income. The provisions and goals vary significantly, with very few tax treaties being alike. Most treaties: * define which taxes are covered and who is a resident and eligible for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shell Pakistan
Shell Pakistan Limited () is a Pakistani oil and gas company which is a subsidiary of the Shell plc and has been in South Asia for over 100 years. Shell's flagship business in Pakistan is the downstream retail marketing company, Shell Pakistan Limited, which has interests in downstream businesses including retail, lubricants and aviation. Company overview Shell Pakistan has a primary listing on Karachi Stock Exchange. It is also listed on Lahore Stock Exchange, Lahore and Islamabad Stock Exchange. Shell Pakistan Ltd. has 782 petrol pumps, whereas Cnergyico has 982 petrol pumps, the State-owned Pakistan State Oil, Pakistan State Oil Co. has 3,500 petrol pumps and Total Parco, Total Parco Pakistan Ltd. has 800 petrol pumps. Shell’s History in the South Asia * 1898 Asiatic Petroleum (percentage ownership of Shell – 100%) * 1928 Burmah Shell (percentage ownership of Shell – 50%) * 1947 Burmah Shell (Pakistan) (percentage ownership of Shell – 50%) * 1970 Pakistan Burmah S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unilever Pakistan
Unilever Pakistan Limited, formerly Lever Brothers Pakistan Limited( ur, ), is a Pakistani fast-moving consumer goods company based in Karachi. It is a subsidiary of the British multinational company. History The town of Rahim Yar Khan was the site chosen for setting up a personal care factory. In the mid 1960s, the company shifted its headquarters to Karachi from the Rahim Yar Khan site. In December 1980, the company got listed on the Karachi Stock Exchange. It has four factories operating in the country. Brands Food and drinks * Lipton (tea) * Wall's ice cream * Pearl Dust (tea) * Knorr soup, noodles & meal mixes * Cornetto ice cream * Magnum ice cream * Brooke Bond (tea) * Fruttare * Wall's Kid's Range Personal care * Clear - ''Anti-dandruff shampoo'' * Close Up - ''Toothpaste'' * Fair & Lovely - ''(cosmetic products)'' * Lifebuoy (shampoo) * Lifebuoy soap - ''Soap & handwash'' * Lux - ''Soap, hand & bodywash'' * Pond's - ''Talcs & beauty creams'' * Rexona - '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unilever
Unilever plc is a British multinational consumer goods company with headquarters in London, England. Unilever products include food, condiments, bottled water, baby food, soft drink, ice cream, instant coffee, cleaning agents, energy drink, toothpaste, pet food, pharmaceutical and consumer healthcare products, tea, breakfast cereals, beauty products, and personal care. Unilever is the largest producer of soap in the world and its products are available in around 190 countries. Unilever's largest brands include Lifebuoy, Dove, Sunsilk, Knorr, Lux, Sunlight, Rexona/Degree, Axe/Lynx, Ben & Jerry's, Omo/Persil, Heartbrand (Wall's) ice creams, Hellmann's and Magnum. Unilever is organised into three main divisions: Foods and Refreshments, Home Care, and Beauty & Personal Care. It has research and development facilities in China, India, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Unilever was founded on 2 September 1929, by the merger of the British soapma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philips
Koninklijke Philips N.V. (), commonly shortened to Philips, is a Dutch multinational conglomerate corporation that was founded in Eindhoven in 1891. Since 1997, it has been mostly headquartered in Amsterdam, though the Benelux headquarters is still in Eindhoven. Philips was formerly one of the largest electronics companies in the world, but is currently focused on the area of health technology, having divested its other divisions. The company was founded in 1891 by Gerard Philips and his father Frederik, with their first products being light bulbs. It currently employs around 80,000 people across 100 countries. The company gained its royal honorary title (hence the ''Koninklijke'') in 1998 and dropped the "Electronics" in its name in 2013, due to its refocusing from consumer electronics to healthcare technology. Philips is organized into three main divisions: Personal Health (formerly Philips Consumer Electronics and Philips Domestic Appliances and Personal Care), Connecte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punjab, Pakistan
Punjab (; , ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan. Located in central-eastern region of the country, Punjab is the second-largest province of Pakistan by land area and the largest province by population. It shares land borders with the Pakistani provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the north-west, Balochistan to the south-west and Sindh to the south, as well as Islamabad Capital Territory to the north-west and Autonomous Territory of AJK to the north. It shares an International border with the Indian states of Rajasthan and Punjab to the east and Indian-administered Kashmir to the north-east. Punjab is the most fertile province of the country as River Indus and its four major tributaries Ravi, Jhelum, Chenab and Sutlej flow through it. The province forms the bulk of the transnational Punjab region, now divided among Pakistan and India. The provincial capital is Lahore — a cultural, modern, historical, economic, and cosmopolitan centre of Pakistan. Other major cities ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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