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National Animal Identification System
The National Animal Identification System, (naisG) is a government-run program in the United States intended to extend government animal health surveillance by identifying and tracking specific animals. Administered at the federal level by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, a branch of the United States Department of Agriculture, NAIS will also be overseen by state animal health boards. While the federal program is voluntary, money received by some states, tribes, and non-profit entities from the USDA through cooperative agreements has been used to make parts or all of the program mandatory. Critics claim the system will put small farmers out of business, by requiring that farmers pay the cost of registration devices of between $1 and $20 for each animal. Large, corporate factory farms which are connected to vertically integrated, birth-to-death factory systems ID and pay by the herd (and not the individual animal), while small farmers must pay it for each animal. Ove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animal Identification
Animal identification using a means of marking is a process done to identify and track specific animals. It is done for a variety of reasons including verification of ownership, biosecurity control, and tracking for research or agricultural purposes. History Individual identification of animals by means of body markings has been practiced for over 3,800 years, as stated in Code of Hammurabi. The first official identification systems are documented as far as the 18th century. In Uruguay for instance maintained at that time a register of hot brands. Methods Birds * Leg rings * Wing tags * Microchip implants (parrots) * Telemetry (falconry birds) Sheep * Freeze branding * Branding (hot-iron) * Collar * Earmarking * Ear tags (non-electronic) * Ear tags (electronic) * Semi-permanent paint Pigs * Collars (electronic and non-electronic) * Earmarking * Ear tags (non-electronic) * Ear tags (electronic) * Semi-permanent paint * Tattoo Horses * Collars (non-electronic) * Brandi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Crosse Tribune
The ''La Crosse Tribune'' is a daily newspaper published in La Crosse, Wisconsin, covering the tri-state area of Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota in the United States. The paper was first founded in 1904, following a media scandal in which existing publications failed to report on the recent creation of a power monopoly in La Crosse. Today, the paper is owned by Lee Enterprises and is part of the River Valley Media Group. History The first newspaper in La Crosse, ''Spirit of the Times'', was founded in 1852 by A.D. La Due. In the course of the next 50 years, a variety of daily newspapers emerged in La Crosse. Most of these were founded along political lines, which caused them to come in conflict with one another, such as the ''La Crosse Democrat'' and the ''La Crosse Daily Republican'', who notably circulated criticisms of the other’s reporting of Abraham Lincoln’s assassination. Many other papers catered to specific demographics, including two Norwegian-language publications, ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Hightower Lowdown
James Allen Hightower (born January 11, 1943) is an American syndicated columnist, progressive political activist, and author. From 1983 to 1991 he served as the elected commissioner of the Texas Department of Agriculture. He publishes a monthly newsletter that is notable for its in-depth investigative reporting, ''The Hightower Lowdown''. Life and career Born in Denison in Grayson County in north Texas, Hightower comes from a working class background. He worked his way through college as assistant general manager of the Denton Chamber of Commerce and later landed a spot as a management trainee for the U.S. State Department. He received a Bachelor of Arts in government from the University of North Texas in Denton, where he served as student body president. He later did graduate work at Columbia University in New York City in international affairs. In the late 1960s, he worked in Washington, D.C., as legislative aide to U.S. Senator Ralph Yarborough. In 1970, Hightower co- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Farm Animal Identification And Records
National Farm Animal Identification and Records (FAIR) is a pilot animal identification program established in 1999 by Holstein Association USA, Inc. of Brattleboro, Vermont; it has received funding through USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) is an agency of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) based in Riverdale, Maryland responsible for protecting animal health, animal welfare, and plant health. APHIS is the lead .... National FAIR is a national animal identification and traceability system. The database is USDA-certified as an official Animal Tracking Database (ATD). National FAIR is also a distributor of official 840 RFID eartags. Millions of animals and thousands of farms across the United States are enrolled because of its simple, cost effective, fast and accurate animal traceability capabilities. References *{{CRS, article = Report for Congress: Agriculture: A Glossary of Terms, Progr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Animal Identification Plan
United States Animal Identification Plan (USAIP) — Officials from approximately 70 animal industry organizations and government agencies have been working since early 2002 on a plan for a national system to identify that might follow food animals from birth to slaughter. The primary purpose is to trace animals back from slaughter through all premises within 48 hours of an animal disease outbreak, in order to determine the disease's origin and to contain it quickly. The plan calls for recording the movement of individual animals or groups of animals in a central database or in a seamlessly linked database infrastructure. USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) is to coordinate animal ID activities in cooperation with state animal health authorities and producers for disease tracking purposes. Congressional interest in animal ID intensified after a cow with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) was discovered in the United States in December 2003. USDA in 2004 acce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ear Tag
An ear tag is a plastic or metal object used for identification of domestic livestock and other animals. If the ear tag uses Radio Frequency Identification Device ( RFID) technology it is referred to as an electronic ear tag. Electronic ear tags conform to international standards ISO 11784 and ISO 11785 working at 134.2 kHz, as well as ISO/IEC 18000-6C operating in the UHF spectrum. There are other non-standard systems such as Destron working at 125 kHz. Although there are many shapes of ear tags, the main types in current use are as follows: * Flag-shaped ear tag: two discs joined through the ear, one or both bearing a wide, flat plastic surface on which identification details are written or printed in large, easily legible script. * Button-shaped ear tag: two discs joined through the ear. * Plastic clip ear tag: a moulded plastic strip, folded over the edge of the ear and joined through it. * Metal ear tag: an aluminium, steel or brass rectangle with sharp points, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animal Welfare In The United States
Animal welfare in the United States relates to the treatment of non-human animals in fields such as agriculture, hunting, medical testing and the domestic ownership of animals. It is distinct from animal conservation. History 1641–1900 The first known animal welfare laws in North America were regulations against "Tirranny or Crueltie" toward domestic animals included in the 1641 Massachusetts Body of Liberties. Starting in the late 1820s, a number of states passed anti-cruelty statutes. Many of these exempted animals used in experiments, and only twice were they invoked on behalf of animals. The first Humane Societies and Societies for the Protection of Animals (SPCAs) were formed starting in the late 1860s to run animal shelters and promote the enforcement of animal cruelty laws. The American anti- vivisection movement began in response to the opening of the first animal laboratories in the 1860s and 70s. The American Anti-Vivisection Society was formed in Philade ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Animal Identification And Tracing
National Animal Identification and Tracing (NAIT) is a system of agricultural animal tracing in New Zealand for biosecurity and human health. The schemes use radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology and a national database to trace animals from birth to either slaughter or live export. History NAIT was introduced by the National Animal Identification and Tracing Act 2012 which replaced the Animal Identification Act 1993. NAIT can refer to the Act, the company of the same name created by the Act, the schemes for cattle and deer or identification devices and identifiers issued under the schemes. On 1 July 2013 the NAIT company merged with Animal Health Board to become OSPRI New Zealand. The investigation into the 2017 Mycoplasma bovis outbreak indicated that farmers were not being fully compliant, e.g. with the "cash sale" of bobby calves, although there has only been one conviction under the act (resulting in a $150 fine) A 2018 law change "under urgency" gave the mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bovine Tuberculosis
Bovines (subfamily Bovinae) comprise a diverse group of 10 genera of medium to large-sized ungulates, including cattle, bison, African buffalo, water buffalos, and the four-horned and spiral-horned antelopes. The evolutionary relationship between the members of the group is still debated, and their classification into loose tribes rather than formal subgroups reflects this uncertainty. General characteristics include cloven hooves and usually at least one of the sexes of a species having true horns. The largest extant bovine is the gaur. In many countries, bovid milk and meat is used as food by humans. Cattle are kept as livestock almost everywhere except in parts of India and Nepal, where they are considered sacred by most Hindus. Bovids are used as draft animals and as riding animals. Small breeds of domestic bovid, such as the Miniature Zebu, are kept as pets. Bovid leather is durable and flexible and is used to produce a wide range of goods including clothing and bags. S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RFID
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. An RFID system consists of a tiny radio transponder, a radio receiver and transmitter. When triggered by an electromagnetic interrogation pulse from a nearby RFID reader device, the tag transmits digital data, usually an identifying inventory number, back to the reader. This number can be used to track inventory goods. Passive tags are powered by energy from the RFID reader's interrogating radio waves. Active tags are powered by a battery and thus can be read at a greater range from the RFID reader, up to hundreds of meters. Unlike a barcode, the tag does not need to be within the line of sight of the reader, so it may be embedded in the tracked object. RFID is one method of automatic identification and data capture (AIDC). RFID tags are used in many industries. For example, an RFID tag attached to an automobile during production can be used to trac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Livestock Identification System
The National Livestock Identification System (NLIS) is a livestock identification and tracking system used in Australia. It is administered by Integrity Systems Company, which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Meat and Livestock Australia. The system uses Radiofrequency Identification Devices (RFID) applied as ear tags to identify and track livestock, each assigned an individual and unique electronic and physical printed tag numbers. There is an associated central electronic database which is used to record each animal's residency and keep track of the other animals it has interacted with. The system improves food safety, acts as a market export assurance program which improves Australia's access to foreign export markets, and assists with disease control, tracing and management. Farmers must register their property with their local jurisdictional government if they hold one or more heads of livestock. Livestock includes cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, camels, deer, alpacas, llamas, hor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Directorate-General For Health And Consumer Protection
The Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety (DG SANTE), until 2014 known as the Directorate-General for Health and Consumers (DG SANCO), is a directorate-general of the European Commission. The DG is responsible for the implementation of European Union laws on food safety and health. It is headed by European Commissioner for Health and Food Safety Stella Kyriakides and Director-General Sandra Gallina. Structure Directorates The directorate-general is made up of seven directorates (as of December 2021): * Directorate A: Resource management and better regulation * Directorate B: Health systems, medical products and innovation * Directorate C: Public Health * Directorate D: Food sustainability, international relations * Directorate E: Food and feed safety, innovation * Directorate F: Health and food audits and analysis * Directorate G: Crisis preparedness in food, animals and plants Directorates A, B, D, E and G are based in Brussels, Directorate C is based in Luxembourg, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
