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Narapatisithu
Narapati Sithu ( my, နရပတိ စည်သူ, ; also Narapatisithu, Sithu II or Cansu II; 1138–1211) was king of Pagan dynasty of Burma (Myanmar) from 1174 to 1211. He is considered the last important king of Pagan. His peaceful and prosperous reign gave rise to Burmese culture which finally emerged from the shadows of Mon and Pyu cultures.Tarling 1993: 166–167 The Burman leadership of the kingdom was now unquestioned. The Pagan Empire reached its peak during his reign, and would decline gradually after his death.Htin Aung 1967: 50–54 The reign saw many firsts in Burmese history. For the first time, the term ''Mranma'' (the Burmans) was openly used in Burmese language inscriptions. Burmese became the primary written language of the kingdom, replacing Mon and Pyu. The first Burmese customary law based on his grandfather Alaungsithu's judgments was compiled, and used as the common system of law for the entire kingdom. He founded the Royal Palace Guards, which later ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Htilominlo
Htilominlo ( my, ထီးလိုမင်းလို, ; also called Nadaungmya or Zeya Theinkha Uzana; 1175 – 1235) was king of Pagan dynasty of Burma (Myanmar) from 1211 to 1235. His 24-year reign marked the beginning of the gradual decline of Pagan dynasty. It was the first to see the impact of over a century of continuous growth of tax-free religious wealth, which had greatly reduced the potential tax base. Htilominlo was the last of the temple builders although most of his temples were in remote lands not in the Pagan region, reflecting the deteriorating state of royal treasury.Htin Aung 1967: 50–54 All the royal chronicles say he was succeeded by his son Kyaswa. But two contemporary inscriptions indicate that another son of his Naratheinga Uzana was at least acting as the regent towards the end of his reign.Htin Aung 1970: 43Than Tun 1964: 131–132 Early life Htilominlo was born to King Sithu II and his queen Saw Mya Kan. Chronicles do not agree on the birth, dea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pagan Dynasty
The Kingdom of Pagan ( my, ပုဂံခေတ်, , ; also known as the Pagan Dynasty and the Pagan Empire; also the Bagan Dynasty or Bagan Empire) was the first Burmese kingdom to unify the regions that would later constitute modern-day Myanmar. Pagan's 250-year rule over the Irrawaddy valley and its periphery laid the foundation for the ascent of Burmese language and culture, the spread of Bamar ethnicity in Upper Myanmar, and the growth of Theravada Buddhism in Myanmar and in mainland Southeast Asia.Lieberman 2003: 88–123 The kingdom grew out of a small 9th-century settlement at Pagan (present-day Bagan) by the Mranma/Burmans, who had recently entered the Irrawaddy valley from the Kingdom of Nanzhao. Over the next two hundred years, the small principality gradually grew to absorb its surrounding regions until the 1050s and 1060s when King Anawrahta founded the Pagan Empire, for the first time unifying under one polity the Irrawaddy valley and its periphery. By t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naratheinkha
Naratheinkha ( my, နရသိင်္ခ, ; 1141–1174) was king of Pagan dynasty of Burma (Myanmar) from 1171 to 1174. He appointed his brother Narapati Sithu heir apparent and commander-in-chief. It was the first recorded instance in the history of the dynasty that the king had given up the command of the army. The king was assassinated by Aungzwa, one of Sithu's servants, after the king had raised one of Sithu's wives to queen.Htin Aung 1967: 50–51Harvey 1925: 53–54 According to G.H. Luce, there is no inscriptional evidence that Naratheinkha or any kings between 1165 and 1174 ever existed.Than Tun 1964: 128Coedès 1968: 167 Other historians such as Htin Aung do not agree with Luce's "conjecture".Htin Aung 1970: 42–43 Early life Naratheinkha was the eldest son of Narathu and Queen Myauk Pyinthe.Yazawin Thit Vol. 1 2012: 124, footnote 3 Chronicles do not agree on his date of birth.''Zatadawbon Yazawin's'' horoscope section (Zata 1960: 66) says he was born on Wedne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weluwaddy
, image = , caption = , reign = 1174 – 1186 , coronation = , succession = Chief queen consort of Burma , predecessor = Min Aung Myat , successor = Taung Pyinthe II (Sithu II) , suc-type = Successor , reg-type = , regent = , reign1 = April – May 1174 , succession1 = Queen of the Western Palace , predecessor1 = ''vacant'' , successor1 = ''vacant'' , spouse = Sithu II (1171–86) Naratheinkha (1174) , issue = Zeya Thura , issue-link = , full name = , house = Pagan , father = , mother = , birth_date = 1150s , birth_place = Myinsaing, Pagan Empire , death_date = 1186 , death_place = Pagan (Bagan), Pagan Empire , date of burial = , place of burial = , ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gawdawpalin Temple
The Gawdawpalin Temple ( my, ကန်တော့ပလ္လင်ဘုရား, ) is a Buddhist temple located in Bagan, Myanmar. Construction of the pagoda began in 1203 during the reign of Sithu II (1174–1211)Coedès 1968: 178 and completed on 26 March 1227Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 1724: 213 during the reign of Htilominlo (1211–1235). At , Gawdawpalin Temple is the second tallest temple in Bagan. Similar in layout to the Thatbyinnyu Temple, the temple is two storeys tall, and contains three lower terraces and four upper terraces. The temple was heavily damaged during the 1975 earthquake and was reconstructed in following years. The Gawdawpalin Temple belongs to the style of the hollow ''gu''-style temple. In contrast to the ''stupas'', the hollow ''gu''-style temple is a structure used for meditation, devotional worship of Lord Buddha and conduct other Buddhist rituals. The ''gu'' temples come in two basic styles: "one-face" design and "four-face" design—essentially ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myauk Pyinthe II (Sithu II)
Myauk Pyinthe ( my, မြောက်ပြင်သည်, ; lit. "Queen of the Northern Palace") was the second Queen of the Northern Palace of King Sithu II of the Pagan Dynasty of Myanmar (Burma). The name Myauk Pyinthe was the name of the office, meaning "Queen of the Northern Palace". Royal chronicles do not agree on who succeeded the first North Queen Saw Lat. ''Yazawin Thit'' (1798) states that the second North Queen was a great-granddaughter of Gen. Nyaung-U Hpi, a friend and comrade of King Kyansittha,Yazawin Thit Vol. 1 2012: 133 who according to ''Maha Yazawin'' (1724) and ''Hmannan Yazawin ''Hmannan Maha Yazawindawgyi'' ( my, မှန်နန်း မဟာ ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး, ; commonly, ''Hmannan Yazawin''; known in English as the '' Glass Palace Chronicle'') is the first official chronicle of Konbaung ...'' (1832) was the Queen of the Southern Palace.Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 212Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 317 Instead ''Maha Yazawin'' a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Burmese Armed Forces
The Royal Armed Forces ( my, တပ်မတော်,See (Maha Yazawin 2006: 26), (Yazawin Thit Vol. 1 2012: 236), (Hmannan Vol. 2 2012: 2) for example. ) were the armed forces of the Burmese monarchy from the 9th to 19th centuries. It refers to the military forces of the Pagan Kingdom, the Kingdom of Ava, the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, the Toungoo dynasty and the Konbaung dynasty in chronological order. The army was one of the major armed forces of Southeast Asia until it was defeated by the British over a six-decade span in the 19th century. The army was organised into a small standing army of a few thousand, which defended the capital and the palace, and a much larger conscript-based wartime army. Conscription was based on the ''ahmudan'' system, which required local chiefs to supply their predetermined quota of men from their jurisdiction on the basis of population in times of war. The wartime army also consisted of elephantry, cavalry, artillery and naval units. Firearms, fir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wadanthika
, image = , caption = , reign = 1190s – 1190s , coronation = , succession = Queen of the Central Palace , predecessor = Saw Ahlwan , successor = Saw Mya Kan , spouse = Sithu II , issue = Yazathu Pyanchi Gingathu , issue-link = , full name = , house = Pagan , father = , mother = , birth_date = , birth_place = Pagan (Bagan) , death_date = 1190s , death_place = Pagan , date of burial = , place of burial = , religion = Theravada Buddhism , signature = Wadanthika ( my, ဝဋံသိကာ, ) was the second Queen of the Central Palace of King Sithu II of the Pagan Dynasty of Myanmar (Burma). She may also have been Sithu II's chief queen for a brief period. Chronicles do not identify her by her pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saw Mya Kan Of Pagan
, image = , caption = , reign = 1190s – 1211 , coronation = , succession = Queen of the Central Palace , predecessor = Wadanthika , successor = Saw Mi Pyan , spouse = Sithu II , issue = Htilominlo Saw Min Hla , issue-link = , full name = , house = Pagan , father = , mother = , birth_date = , birth_place = , death_date = , death_place = Pagan , date of burial = , place of burial = , religion = Theravada Buddhism , signature = Saw Mya Kan ( my, စောမြကန်}, ) was a principal queen of King Sithu II of the Pagan Dynasty of Myanmar (Burma). She was the mother of King Htilominlo Htilominlo ( my, ထီးလိုမင်းလို, ; also called Nadaungmya or Zeya Theinkha Uza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taung Pyinthe II (Sithu II)
, image = , caption = , reign = 1186 – 1211 , coronation = , succession = Chief Queen Consort of Burma , predecessor = Weluwaddy , successor = Pwadawgyi , spouse = Sithu II , issue = , issue-link = , full name = , house = Pagan , father = , mother = , birth_date = , birth_place = , death_date = , death_place = , date of burial = , place of burial = , religion = Theravada Buddhism , signature = Taung Pyinthe ( my, တောင်ပြင်သည်, ) was the second chief queen consort of King Sithu II of the Pagan Dynasty of Myanmar (Burma). The name Taung Pyinthe was the name of the office, meaning "Queen of the Southern Palace". Royal chronicles do not agree on who succeeded the first ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saw Ahlwan Of Pagan
, image = , caption = , reign = 1174 – 1190s , coronation = , succession = Queen of the Central Palace , predecessor = Ti Lawka Sanda Dewi , successor = Wadanthika , spouse = Naratheinkha ( 1160s–1174) Sithu II (1174–90s?) , issue = Thatti-Kami , issue-link = , full name = , house = Pagan , father = Yazathu , mother = Eindawthe , birth_date = 1140s , birth_place = Pagan (Bagan) , death_date = 1190s , death_place = Pagan , date of burial = , place of burial = , religion = Theravada Buddhism , signature = Saw Ahlwan ( my, စောအလွှမ်း, ; also known as Ale Pyinthe ("Queen of the Central Palace")) was a queen consort of kings Naratheinkha and Sithu II of the Pagan Dynasty of Myan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saw Lat Of Pagan
, image = , caption = , reign = 1171 – 1190s? , coronation = , succession = Queen of the Northern Palace , predecessor = Myauk Pyinthe , successor = Myauk Pyinthe II (Sithu II) , spouse = Naratheinkha ( 1160s–1174) Sithu II (1174–1190s?) , issue = one daughter (by Naratheinkha) , issue-link = , full name = , house = Pagan , father = Yazathu , mother = Eindawthe , birth_date = 1140s , birth_place = Pagan (Bagan) , death_date = 1190s , death_place = Pagan , date of burial = , place of burial = , religion = Theravada Buddhism , signature = Saw Lat ( my, စောလတ်, ) was a queen consort of kings Naratheinkha and Sithu II of the Pagan Dynasty of Myanmar (Burma).Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 312, 3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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