Numeira
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Numeira
Numeira (also an-Numayra) is an archaeological site in Jordan near the southern Dead Sea. The site has substantial Early Bronze Age remains. The site is below sea level, on the shore of the Dead Sea. Numeira is also the name given to the river and valley (''wadi'') adjacent to the archaeological site. The river is significantly eroding the archaeological site, destroying perhaps as much as half the original settlement due to changes in the water course. Identification It has been argued that Numeira approximates the alleged biblical city of Gomorrah, although other archaeologists argue that it is in the wrong geographical area, was a village as opposed to a major city, and is not within the designated timeframe. Another possibility is that it could be Nimrim, the river valley referred to by the prophet Isaiah in 15:5 whose waters become desolate, or dry up. History Early Bronze Age Early Bronze III Numeira was occupied during the EB III. There are several indications tha ...
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Wadi Numeira
Wadi Numeira is a Wadi in Jordan that is known for its deep gorge cut through the sandstone. It gives its name to the Bronze Age ruins located at its mouth with the Dead Sea. The Wadi also sometimes nicknamed ''Petra with water''. File:17 Wadi Numeira Siq Trail - In the Siq - panoramio.jpg , In the Siq File:27 Wadi Numeira Siq Trail - In the Valley - panoramio.jpg , Wadi Numeira In the Valley File:14 Wadi Numeira Siq Trail - You May Get Wet Feet - panoramio.jpg, Wadi Numeira Siq File:05 Wadi Numeira Siq Trail - Starting Point of the Trail - panoramio.jpg , Starting Point of the Gorge File:21 Wadi Numeira Siq Trail - in the Siq - panoramio.jpg , Wadi Numeira in the Siq The Wadi enters the Dead Sea at a site 280 m below Sea Level, on the shore of the Dead Sea. Here the river flows adjacent to the archaeological site, of Numeira. The river is significantly eroding the archaeological site, destroying perhaps as much as ½ the original settlement due to changes in the water course.Ja ...
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Bab Edh-Dhra
Bab edh-Dhra () is the site of an Early Bronze Age city located near the Dead Sea on the south bank of the wadi of al-Karak with dates in the EB IB, EB II, EB III, and EB IVA. Bab edh-Dhra was discovered in 1924 on an expedition led by William F. Albright. Causes of downfall; Sodom theory The ancient name of Bab-edh-Dhra still remains unidentified.Avraham Negev and Shimon Gibson, eds., "Bab Edh-Dhra", in ''Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land'', 3rd ed. (New York: Continuum International, 2001), p. 66 Some biblical scholars argue that this was the site of " Sodom". Other archaeologists disagree. Unlike the neighboring ruins of Numeira, Bab edh-Dhra does not appear to have been destroyed by a significant fire.Walter E. Rast, "Bab Edh-Dhraʿ". Edited by David Noel Freedman, Gary A. Herion, David F. Graf, and John David Pleins. ''Anchor Bible Dictionary'' (New York, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1996): 1:560. Numeira and Bâb edh-Dhrâʿ were destroyed at different times, about 250 yea ...
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Sodom And Gomorrah
In the Abrahamic religions, Sodom and Gomorrah () were two cities destroyed by God for their wickedness. Sodom and Gomorrah are repeatedly invoked throughout the Hebrew Bible, Deuterocanonical texts, and the New Testament as symbols of sin, divine judgment, and destruction, serving as moral warnings and eschatological parallels. The Quran also contains a version of the story about the two cities. In the biblical narrative, Sodom and Gomorrah, rebellious cities once defeated by Chedorlaomer, were destroyed by God because of their great wickedness. Lot and his daughters were spared when angels led them to safety, but Lot’s wife was turned into a pillar of salt for looking back against the angels’ warning. Their story parallels the Genesis flood narrative in its theme of God's anger provoked by man's sin (see Genesis 19:1–28). The story of Sodom, originally associated with inhospitality, arrogance, and injustice, was later reinterpreted—especially in Christian theol ...
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Dead Sea
The Dead Sea (; or ; ), also known by #Names, other names, is a landlocked salt lake bordered by Jordan to the east, the Israeli-occupied West Bank to the west and Israel to the southwest. It lies in the endorheic basin of the Jordan Rift Valley, and its main tributary is the Jordan River. As of 2025, the lake's surface is below sea level, making its shores the Lowest elevations, lowest land-based elevation on Earth. It is deep, the deepest hypersaline lake in the world. With a salinity of 342 g/kg, or 34.2% (in 2011), it is one of the List of bodies of water by salinity, world's saltiest bodies of water, 9.6 times as Seawater#Salinity, salty as the ocean—and has a density of 1.24 kg/litre, which makes swimming similar to Buoyancy, floating. This salinity makes for a harsh environment in which plants and animals cannot flourish, hence its name. The Dead Sea's main, northern basin is long and wide at its widest point. The Dead Sea has attracted visitors from around th ...
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Bethesda, MD
Bethesda () is an unincorporated, census-designated place in southern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. Located just northwest of Washington, D.C., it is a major business and government center of the Washington metropolitan region and a national center for medical research. According to the 2020 census, the community had a population of 68,056. Etymology It takes its name from a local church, the Bethesda Meeting House (1820, rebuilt 1849), which in turn took its name from Jerusalem's Pool of Bethesda. History Bethesda is located in the traditional territory of the indigenous Native Piscataway and Nacotchtank at the time of European colonization. Fur trader Henry Fleet became the first European to visit the area, reaching it by sailing up the Potomac River. He stayed with the Piscataway tribe from 1623 to 1627, either as a guest or prisoner (historical accounts differ). Fleet eventually secured funding for another expedition to the region and was later granted ...
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Nimrim
Nimrim, in Moab, is mentioned twice in scripture in the Tanakh and Bible The Bible is a collection of religious texts that are central to Christianity and Judaism, and esteemed in other Abrahamic religions such as Islam. The Bible is an anthology (a compilation of texts of a variety of forms) originally writt ..., in Isaiah 15:6 and in Jeremiah 48:34. Little is known of Nimrim other than it was in Moab. It is mentioned in connection with several cities that were under Moabite control at that time (around 626BC - 586BC) such as Heshbon, Zoar and Horonaim. Scholars are not in agreement of whether Nimrim was a river, or a lake, or a city. See also * Isaiah 15 Resources *Matthew Poole Commentary Vol. 2 page 629, Further reading *Hannes Bezzel, Article "Nimrim" in WiBiLe {{bible-stub Hebrew Bible places ...
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Bronze Age Sites
Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12–12.5% tin and often with the addition of other metals (including aluminium, manganese, nickel, or zinc) and sometimes non-metals (such as phosphorus) or metalloids (such as arsenic or silicon). These additions produce a range of alloys some of which are harder than copper alone or have other useful properties, such as strength, ductility, or machinability. The archaeological period during which bronze was the hardest metal in widespread use is known as the Bronze Age. The beginning of the Bronze Age in western Eurasia is conventionally dated to the mid-4th millennium BCE (~3500 BCE), and to the early 2nd millennium BCE in China; elsewhere it gradually spread across regions. The Bronze Age was followed by the Iron Age, which started about 1300 BCE and reaching most of Eurasia by about 500 BCE, although bronze continued to be much more widely used than it is in modern times. Because historical artworks we ...
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Bronze Age Asia
Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12–12.5% tin and often with the addition of other metals (including aluminium, manganese, nickel, or zinc) and sometimes non-metals (such as phosphorus) or metalloids (such as arsenic or silicon). These additions produce a range of alloys some of which are harder than copper alone or have other useful properties, such as strength, ductility, or machinability. The archaeological period during which bronze was the hardest metal in widespread use is known as the Bronze Age. The beginning of the Bronze Age in western Eurasia is conventionally dated to the mid-4th millennium BCE (~3500 BCE), and to the early 2nd millennium BCE in China; elsewhere it gradually spread across regions. The Bronze Age was followed by the Iron Age, which started about 1300 BCE and reaching most of Eurasia by about 500 BCE, although bronze continued to be much more widely used than it is in modern times. Because historical artw ...
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American Center Of Research
The American Center of Research (ACOR) is a private, not-for-profit scholarly and educational organization. Based in Alexandria, Virginia, with a facility in Amman, Jordan, ACOR promotes knowledge of Jordan and the interconnected region, past and present. Prior to 2020, ACOR was known as The American Center of Oriental Research. History ACOR's history spans back to the foundation of the American School of Oriental Research in 1900 in East Jerusalem, supporting the study of the MENA region. As the region changed during the mid-20th century, the foundation of a permanent research center for Americans working or studying in the Arab World was needed, and in 1968 ACOR itself was created as "The American Research Center in Amman." The center was intended to serve as a consortium in support of North American projects working in the Middle East, specifically including Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and territories of the Arabian Gulf. It works in or with the people ...
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Radiocarbon Date
Radiocarbon dating (also referred to as carbon dating or carbon-14 dating) is a method for determining the age of an object containing organic material by using the properties of radiocarbon, a radioactive isotope of carbon. The method was developed in the late 1940s at the University of Chicago by Willard Libby. It is based on the fact that radiocarbon () is constantly being created in the Earth's atmosphere by the interaction of cosmic rays with atmospheric nitrogen. The resulting combines with atmospheric oxygen to form radioactive carbon dioxide, which is incorporated into plants by photosynthesis; animals then acquire by eating the plants. When the animal or plant dies, it stops exchanging carbon with its environment, and thereafter the amount of it contains begins to decrease as the undergoes radioactive decay. Measuring the amount of in a sample from a dead plant or animal, such as a piece of wood or a fragment of bone, provides information that can be used to calc ...
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