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Novoplectron
''Novoplectron'' is a monotypic genus of cave wētā in the family Rhaphidophoridae, endemic to the Chatham Islands. Cave wētā are nocturnal, wingless crickets that occupy humid habitats. ''Novoplectron'' wētā generally live under stones and in burrows of seabirds, such as broad-billed prions, mutton birds and storm petrels. Distribution & Taxonomy The genus ''Novoplectron'' have only been recorded on the Chatham Islands (a group of offshore islands of New Zealand). These wētā exist alongside '' Talitropsis crassicruris,'' another New Zealand endemic species, on Mangere, Pitt, Rangatira and The Sisters islands. However, there is an absence of ''Novoplectron'' wētā on the Chatham main island. (See distribution map https://wetageta.massey.ac.nz/Text%20files/NOVOPLECTRON2014.html). Several wētā specimens from the genus '' Pleioplectron'' were collected from the Chatham Islands in 1958. After examining them, Richards discovered that the Chatham Island endemic speci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Novoplectron Serratum
''Novoplectron'' is a monotypic genus of cave wētā in the family Rhaphidophoridae, endemic to the Chatham Islands. Cave wētā are nocturnal, wingless crickets that occupy humid habitats. ''Novoplectron'' wētā generally live under stones and in burrows of seabirds, such as broad-billed prions, mutton birds and storm petrels. Distribution & Taxonomy The genus ''Novoplectron'' have only been recorded on the Chatham Islands (a group of offshore islands of New Zealand). These wētā exist alongside '' Talitropsis crassicruris,'' another New Zealand endemic species, on Mangere, Pitt, Rangatira and The Sisters islands. However, there is an absence of ''Novoplectron'' wētā on the Chatham main island. (See distribution map https://wetageta.massey.ac.nz/Text%20files/NOVOPLECTRON2014.html). Several wētā specimens from the genus '' Pleioplectron'' were collected from the Chatham Islands in 1958. After examining them, Richards discovered that the Chatham Island endemic speci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhaphidophoridae
The orthopteran family Rhaphidophoridae of the suborder Ensifera has a worldwide distribution. Common names for these insects include cave wētā, cave crickets, camelback crickets, camel crickets, Hogan bugs, spider crickets (sometimes shortened to "criders", or "land shrimp" or "sprickets",) and sand treaders. Those occurring in New Zealand, Australia, and Tasmania are typically referred to as jumping or cave wētā. Most are found in forest environments or within caves, animal burrows, cellars, under stones, or in wood or similar environments. All species are flightless and nocturnal, usually with long antenna (biology), antennae and legs. More than 500 species of Rhaphidophoridae are described. The well-known Gryllidae, field crickets are from a different superfamily (Grylloidea) and only look vaguely similar, while members of the family Tettigoniidae may look superficially similar in body form. Description Most cave crickets have very large hind legs with "drumstick-shape ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleioplectron Serratum
''Pleioplectron'' is a genus of cave wētā in the family Rhaphidophoridae, endemic to New Zealand. These wētā are fairly common at night among the leaf litter in native forest in the South Island of New Zealand. The species look very similar to species of '' Miotopus'', another New Zealand endemic genus, recently resurrected. There are currently ten recognised species of ''Pleioplectron''. The genus was described by Hutton in 1896, with six species, three of which have since been moved (to ''Miotopus'', ''Novoplectron'', and '' Pachyrhamma''), and two synonymised. The genus ''Weta'', erected by Chopard in 1923, is now considered a synonym of ''Pleioplectron''. Seven additional species of ''Pleioplectron'' were named in 2019. All but one ''Pleioplectron'' species live in the South Island. The North Island species, ''Pleioplectron hudsoni'', is widespread in forests, and females lay eggs into the soil or soft wood. In the South Island, ''P. simplex'' is sometimes found in woo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleioplectron
''Pleioplectron'' is a genus of cave wētā in the family Rhaphidophoridae, endemic to New Zealand. These wētā are fairly common at night among the leaf litter in native forest in the South Island of New Zealand. The species look very similar to species of '' Miotopus'', another New Zealand endemic genus, recently resurrected. There are currently ten recognised species of ''Pleioplectron''. The genus was described by Hutton in 1896, with six species, three of which have since been moved (to ''Miotopus'', ''Novoplectron'', and '' Pachyrhamma''), and two synonymised. The genus ''Weta'', erected by Chopard in 1923, is now considered a synonym of ''Pleioplectron''. Seven additional species of ''Pleioplectron'' were named in 2019. All but one ''Pleioplectron'' species live in the South Island. The North Island species, ''Pleioplectron hudsoni'', is widespread in forests, and females lay eggs into the soil or soft wood. In the South Island, ''P. simplex'' is sometimes found in woo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotypic Taxon
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispecific" or "monospecific" is sometimes preferred. In botanical nomenclature, a monotypic genus is a genus in the special case where a genus and a single species are simultaneously described. In contrast, an oligotypic taxon contains more than one but only a very few subordinate taxa. Examples Just as the term ''monotypic'' is used to describe a taxon including only one subdivision, the contained taxon can also be referred to as monotypic within the higher-level taxon, e.g. a genus monotypic within a family. Some examples of monotypic groups are: Plants * In the order Amborellales, there is only one family, Amborellaceae and there is only one genus, '' Amborella'', and in this genus there is only one species, namely ''Amborella trichopoda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rangatira Island
Hokorereoro, Rangatira, or South East Island is the third largest island in the Chatham Islands archipelago, and covers an area of . It lies east of New Zealand's South Island off the south-east coast of Pitt Island, south-east of the main settlement, Waitangi, on Chatham Island. History According to oral traditions, ancient Moriori used to travel to Rangatira by canoe to capture muttonbirds. However, there is no material evidence of those expeditions, such as dendroglyphs (tree carvings) or petroglyphs (rock art). European farmers ran sheep, goats and cattle on Rangatira until the 1960s when the last of these were removed. Today the island is a gazetted nature reserve, and access to the island is restricted and controlled by the Department of Conservation. Flora and fauna Rangatira is host to several rare and endemic species of birds and plants, and is a sanctuary for endangered invertebrates such as the giant stick insect, coxella weevil, the flightless rove beetl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scavenger
Scavengers are animals that consume dead organisms that have died from causes other than predation or have been killed by other predators. While scavenging generally refers to carnivores feeding on carrion, it is also a herbivorous feeding behavior. Scavengers play an important role in the ecosystem by consuming dead animal and plant material. ''Decomposers'' and detritivores complete this process, by consuming the remains left by scavengers. Scavengers aid in overcoming fluctuations of food resources in the environment. The process and rate of scavenging is affected by both biotic and abiotic factors, such as carcass size, habitat, temperature, and seasons. Etymology Scavenger is an alteration of ''scavager,'' from Middle English ''skawager'' meaning "customs collector", from ''skawage'' meaning "customs", from Old North French ''escauwage'' meaning "inspection", from ''schauwer'' meaning "to inspect", of Germanic origin; akin to Old English ''scēawian'' and German ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antenna (biology)
Antennae ( antenna), sometimes referred to as "feelers", are paired appendages used for sensing in arthropods. Antennae are connected to the first one or two segments of the arthropod head. They vary widely in form but are always made of one or more jointed segments. While they are typically sensory organs, the exact nature of what they sense and how they sense it is not the same in all groups. Functions may variously include sensing touch, air motion, heat, vibration (sound), and especially smell or taste. Antennae are sometimes modified for other purposes, such as mating, brooding, swimming, and even anchoring the arthropod to a substrate. Larval arthropods have antennae that differ from those of the adult. Many crustaceans, for example, have free-swimming larvae that use their antennae for swimming. Antennae can also locate other group members if the insect lives in a group, like the ant. The common ancestor of all arthropods likely had one pair of uniramous (unbranched ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seta
In biology, setae (singular seta ; from the Latin word for "bristle") are any of a number of different bristle- or hair-like structures on living organisms. Animal setae Protostomes Annelid setae are stiff bristles present on the body. They help, for example, earthworms to attach to the surface and prevent backsliding during peristaltic motion. These hairs make it difficult to pull a worm straight from the ground. Setae in oligochaetes (a group including earthworms) are largely composed of chitin. They are classified according to the limb to which they are attached; for instance, notosetae are attached to notopodia; neurosetae to neuropodia. Crustaceans have mechano- and chemosensory setae. Setae are especially present on the mouthparts of crustaceans and can also be found on grooming limbs. In some cases, setae are modified into scale like structures. Setae on the legs of krill and other small crustaceans help them to gather phytoplankton. It captures them and allows th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Sisters (New Zealand)
The Sisters / (Moriori: ''Rakitchu'')Government of New Zealand, Dept. of Conservation (1999) Chatham IslandsConservation Management Strategy Accessed on 2012-07-13. is a group of three islands located north of Cape Pattison, Chatham Island. They are the northernmost members of the Chatham Archipelago, located east of New Zealand's South Island. The islands are: * Big Sister Big Sister may refer to: *An older sister, see birth order *Big Sister (brothel), an online brothel in Prague *The Big Sister (Dexter's Laboratory), "The Big Sister" (Dexter's Laboratory), an episode of ''Dexter's Laboratory'' *"Big Sister," a son ... (''Rangitatahi'' proper) * Middle Sister Island (New Zealand), Middle Sister (''Te Awanui'') * Little Sister Island (New Zealand), Little Sister Fauna The islands have the second largest breeding colony of the northern royal albatross, and provide breeding sites for Buller's albatross, northern giant petrel, fairy prion, broad-billed prion, sooty shearwa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mangere Island
Mangere Island (Moriori: ''Maung’ Rē'') is part of the Chatham Islands archipelago, located about east of New Zealand's South Island and has an area of . The island lies off the west coast of Pitt Island, south-east of the main settlement in the Chathams, Waitangi, on Chatham Island. Mangere and nearby Tapuaenuku ( Little Mangere) are the eroded remains of an ancient volcano of Pliocene age. Whakapa, the island's highest point, is above sea level. Forested until the 1890s, the island was largely cleared for sheep grazing. Rabbits and then cats were also introduced but later died out. Farmed until 1966, the island was then purchased by the New Zealand government and gazetted as a Nature Reserve.Mangere Island restoration (from the Department of Conservation website) The last sheep were removed i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pitt Island
Pitt Island is the second largest island in the Chatham Islands, Chatham Archipelago, New Zealand. It is called ''Rangiauria'' in Māori language, Māori and ''Rangiaotea'' in ''Moriori language, Moriori.Government of New Zealand, Dept. of Conservation (1999) Chatham IslandsConservation Management Strategy map 6. Retrieved 13 July 2012. Pitt Island has an area of . It lies about to the east of New Zealand's main islands, and about to the southeast of Chatham Island, from which it is separated by Pitt Strait. The island is hilly; its highest point (Waihere Head) rises to above sea level. , Pitt Island had a population of about 38 people. Pitt Island's Kahuitara Point is the first populated location on earth to observe a sunrise in each new year, based on local time zone. History Pitt Island was originally inhabited by the Moriori people, Moriori, the indigenous peoples of the Chatham Islands, who called it ''Rangiaotea'' or ''Rangihaute''. Their archaeology, archaeologic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
