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Noucentisme
Noucentisme in Catalonia (, ''noucentista'' being its adjective) was a Catalan cultural movement of the early 20th century that originated largely as a reaction against Modernisme, both in art and ideology, and was, simultaneously, a perception of art almost opposite to that of avantgardists. In 1906, Eugeni d'Ors coined the term following the Italian tradition of naming styles after the centuries (for example, ''Quattrocento'', '' Cinquecento'', etc.) and using the homonyms ''nou'' (nine) and ''nou'' (new) to suggest it was a renovation movement. The same year two essential works for Noucentisme were published: '' Els fruits saborosos'' by Josep Carner and "La nacionalitat catalana" by the Conservative politician Enric Prat de la Riba. In the arts Despite certain similarities between the movements, it opposed Modernisme, the previous movement, and the radical and individualist views and Bohemian lifestyle most of its proponents engaged in. Noucentisme glorified order and what t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modernisme
''Modernisme'' (, Catalan for "modernism"), also known as Catalan modernism and Catalan art nouveau, is the historiographic denomination given to an art and literature movement associated with the search of a new entitlement of Catalan culture, one of the most predominant cultures within Spain. Nowadays, it is considered a movement based on the cultural revindication of a ''Catalan identity''. Its main form of expression was ''Modernista'' architecture, but it also encompassed many other arts, such as painting and sculpture, and especially the design and the decorative arts (cabinetmaking, carpentry, forged iron, ceramic tiles, ceramics, glass-making, silver and goldsmith work, etc.), which were particularly important, especially in their role as support to architecture. Modernisme was also a literary movement (poetry, fiction, drama). Although Modernisme was part of a general trend that emerged in Europe around the turn of the 20th century, in Catalonia the trend acquired it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalonia
Catalonia (; ca, Catalunya ; Aranese Occitan: ''Catalonha'' ; es, Cataluña ) is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a ''nationality'' by its Statute of Autonomy. Most of the territory (except the Val d'Aran) lies on the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula, to the south of the Pyrenees mountain range. Catalonia is administratively divided into four provinces: Barcelona, Girona, Lleida, and Tarragona. The capital and largest city, Barcelona is the second-most populated municipality in Spain and the fifth-most populous urban area in the European Union.Demographia: World Urban Areas – Demographia, April 2018 Current day Catalonia comprises most of the medieval and early modern Principality o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rafael Masó I Valentí
Rafael Masó i Valentí (; 1880–1935) was one of the most outstanding Catalan architects of the early 20th century. Masó was born in Girona into a refined, conservative, Catholic family of Catalanist ideology. The personality and professional career of the future architect were marked by the cultured atmosphere of his home, created by his father’s literary and artistic interests, as well as his own love of Girona city and its traditions. Masó was an admirer of Antoni Gaudí but, as a student in Barcelona, he joined the group of artists and writers who were to forge Noucentisme, the movement that developed as an alternative to Modernisme. The civic spirit, the Catalanist outlook, and the forward-looking, pro-European ideas prevailing within the new movement inspired the young Masó, who was also to become a distinguished poet, urban planner, politician, and promoter of art and literature. Biography and works Rafael Masó lived in the Masó House until 1912, the year of his mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Nacionalitat Catalana
"La nacionalitat catalana" (, in English language, English "The Catalan nationality") is an essay and political manifesto written by the Conservative politician Enric Prat de la Riba in 1906. Focusing on the will for the restoration of self-government in the region, it is one of the foundational text of Noucentisme and modern political Catalanism and a philosophy, philosophical justification of Catalan nationalism. The author portrays the years spanning between the abolition of the privileges and traditional institutions of Catalonia as part of the introduction of France, French centralism by the first House of Bourbon, Bourbon king of Spain, Philip V of Spain, Philip V, and the present moment, as a period of cultural renaissance among those who struggled against the unification and centralisation of Spain (as exemplified by the Romanticism, Romanticist movement Renaixença, La Renaixença) and were aware of its nationalism, nationality. References 1906 essays Essays about ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eugeni D'Ors
Eugenio d'Ors i Rovira (; Barcelona, 28 September 1882 – Vilanova i la Geltrú, 25 September 1954) was a spanish people, Spanish writer, essayist, Journalism, journalist, Philosophy, philosopher and Art criticism, art critic. He wrote in both Catalan language, Catalan and Spanish language, Spanish, sometimes under the pseudonym of ''Xènius'' (). Biography Born in Barcelona in 1882, Eugenio d'Ors initiated himself in the modernist literary environments. He participated in his younger years, between nineteen and twenty-five years, in this aesthetic. He studied law in Barcelona and received his PhD degree in Madrid. He collaborated from 1906 on in ''La Veu de Catalunya'' and was a member of Catalan Noucentisme. He was the secretary of the Institut d'Estudis Catalans in 1911 and director of the ''Instrucció Pública de la Mancomunitat de Catalunya'' (Commonwealth of Catalonia) in 1917, but he left in 1920 after Enric Prat de la Riba's death. In 1923 he moved to Madrid where h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enric Prat De La Riba
Enric Prat de la Riba i Sarrà (; 29 November 1870 – 1 August 1917) was a Catalan politician, lawyer and writer. He was a member of the , where one of the earliest definitions of Catalan nationalism was formulated. He became the first President of the Commonwealth of Catalonia on 6 April 1914 and retained this office until his death. He wrote the book and political manifesto '' La nacionalitat catalana'' in which greater autonomy to Catalonia was advocated. He died in 1917 and is interred in the Montjuïc Cemetery in Barcelona. Early life Enric Prat de la Riba i Sarrà was born on 29 November 1870 in Castellterçol, to an affluent Roman Catholic conservative family. He started his law studies at the University of Barcelona and finished and received his degree at the Central University of Madrid. Political career Prat de la Riba was attracted towards Catalan nationalism when he was still in college. In 1887, he became a member of Centre Escolar Catalanista. He became an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Classicism
Classicism, in the arts, refers generally to a high regard for a classical period, classical antiquity in the Western tradition, as setting standards for taste which the classicists seek to emulate. In its purest form, classicism is an aesthetic attitude dependent on principles based in the culture, art and literature of ancient Greece and Rome, with the emphasis on form, simplicity, proportion, clarity of structure, perfection, restrained emotion, as well as explicit appeal to the intellect. The art of classicism typically seeks to be formal and restrained: of the ''Discobolus'' Sir Kenneth Clark observed, "if we object to his restraint and compression we are simply objecting to the classicism of classic art. A violent emphasis or a sudden acceleration of rhythmic movement would have destroyed those qualities of balance and completeness through which it retained until the present century its position of authority in the restricted repertoire of visual images." Classicism, as Cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josep Torras I Bages
Josep Torras i Bages (), born at Les Cabanyes, Alt Penedès, on 12 September 1846, died at Vic, Osona, on 7 February 1916, was a Catalan thinker, writer, and bishop. He was one of the main figures in the turn of the 20th century Catholic Catalan nationalism. Biography Torras and the Catalan traditions Josep Torras strongly criticized the secularism displayed by the "militant nationalism" of Enric Prat de la Riba (1870–1917). In 1892 he wrote ''La tradició catalana'', where he emphasized Conservative Nationalism and warned against the erosion of Christian values. Exalting rural life, the family, religion, and the love of Catalan language, the land and the language took an almost mystical dimension in his point of view. He was convinced that the Catalan nation had to be Christian in order to establish itself as something enduring and meaningful in the future. His words ''"Catalunya serà cristiana o no serà"'' (Catalonia will be Christian or will not be) are engraved at the ga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miquel Costa I Llobera
Miquel Costa i Llobera (born 10 March 1854 in Pollença, Spain; deceased 16 October 1922 in Palma de Mallorca, Spain), was a Spanish poet from Majorca, who mainly wrote in Catalan language. He is regarded as a prominent figure of Catalan poetry. Biography Born in the Majorcan town of Pollença, Spain, in 1854, he was the son of a family of rural owners and was orphaned as a mother at the age of eleven. He grew up very influenced by his uncle, a medical doctor in Pollença, who introduced him to the local landscape and the interest in the classical literature. He was a disciple of the writer Josep Lluís Pons i Gallarza, and studied in Madrid and Barcelona, where he met Antoni Rubió i Lluch. In 1874 he won an award at the Floral Games. He cultivated, in a first stage, romantic poetry, exemplified in his best-known poem, '' Lo pi de Formentor'' (1875), an ode to a pine tree of Formentor, which later inspired artists such as Joan Miró or Anglada Camarasa. This ode was also i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joan Alcover
Joan Alcover i Maspons (; 1854 – 1926): was a Spanish Balearic writer, poet, essayist and politician. Biography The son of an influential family, he studied the Baccalaureate at the Balearic Institute before reading for a degree in Law in Barcelona. Once he became a lawyer in 1878, he returned to Majorca to take up varying posts in the Island's judiciary. Simultaneously, he was a militant of the liberal party of his friend Antoni Maura when he commenced a political career that would culminate in his appointment as a representative of the ' Corts' ourts(1893). After a short stay in Madrid, he returned home to the Balearic Islands and abandoned all political activities. From an early age, he had combined his studies and later on, his professional occupation, with his interest in writing. At the age of eighteen, he had published his poems in both Catalan and Spanish in magazines like 'El Isleño', 'Museo Balear', or 'Revista Balear'. However, his literary interest would beco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modernism
Modernism is both a philosophy, philosophical and arts movement that arose from broad transformations in Western world, Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The movement reflected a desire for the creation of new forms of art, philosophy, and social organization which reflected the newly emerging industrial society, industrial world, including features such as urbanization, architecture, new technologies, and war. Artists attempted to depart from traditional forms of art, which they considered outdated or obsolete. The poet Ezra Pound's 1934 injunction to "Make it New" was the touchstone of the movement's approach. Modernist innovations included abstract art, the stream-of-consciousness novel, montage (filmmaking), montage cinema, atonal and twelve-tone music, divisionist painting and modern architecture. Modernism explicitly rejected the ideology of Realism (arts), realism and made use of the works of the past by the employment of reprise, incorpor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
