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Northern Min
Northern Min () is a group of mutually intelligible Min varieties spoken in Nanping prefecture of northwestern Fujian. Classification and distribution Early classifications of varieties of Chinese, such as those of Li Fang-Kuei in 1937 and Yuan Jiahua in 1960, divided Min into Northern and Southern subgroups. However, in a 1963 report on a survey of Fujian, Pan Maoding and colleagues argued that the primary split was between inland and coastal groups. In a reclassification that has been followed by most dialectologists since, they restricted the term Northern Min to inland dialects of Nanping prefecture, and classified the coastal dialects of Fuzhou and Ningde as Eastern Min. According to the ''Language Atlas of China'', Northern Min varieties are spoken throughout the counties of Wuyishan (formerly Chong'an), Jianyang, Jian'ou, Zhenghe and Songxi, in the southern part of Pucheng County and the northeastern part of Shunchang County, and in Yanping District except for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Republic Of China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, or dyna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Min
Eastern Min or Min Dong (, Foochow Romanized: Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄), is a branch of the Min group of Sinitic languages of China. The prestige form and most-cited representative form is the Fuzhou dialect, the speech of the capital of Fujian. Geographic distribution Fujian and vicinity Eastern Min varieties are mainly spoken in the eastern part of Fujian Province (闽东) of the People's Republic of China, in and near the cities of Fuzhou and Ningde. They are also widely encountered as the mother tongue on the Matsu Islands controlled by the Republic of China. Additionally, the inhabitants of Taishun and Cangnan to the north of Fujian in Zhejiang also speak Eastern Min varieties. Eastern Min generally coexists with the official standard Chinese in all these areas. United States As the coastal area of Fujian has been the historical homeland of a large worldwide diaspora of overseas Chinese, varieties of Eastern Min can also be found across the world, especially in their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerry Norman (sinologist)
Jerry Lee Norman (July 16, 1936July 7, 2012) was an American sinologist and linguist known for his studies of Chinese dialects and historical phonology, particularly on the Min Chinese dialects, and also of the Manchu language. Norman had a large impact on Chinese linguistics, and was largely responsible for the identification of the importance of the Min Chinese dialects in linguistic research into Old Chinese. Life and career Jerry Norman was born on July 16, 1936, in Watsonville, California. His family were migrant farmers who had fled the Dust Bowl conditions of Oklahoma in the mid-1930s. Norman entered the University of Chicago in the autumn of 1954 and majored in Russian, but was forced to withdraw after two years because of financial problems. He was briefly a Catholic novitiate, then joined the U.S. Army and began studying at the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center in Monterey, California, where he was first introduced to the Chinese language. After co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto-Min Language
Proto-Min is a comparative reconstruction of the common ancestor of the Min group of varieties of Chinese. Min varieties developed in the relative isolation of the Chinese province of Fujian and eastern Guangdong, and have since spread to Taiwan, Southeast Asia, and other parts of the world. They contain reflexes of distinctions not found in Middle Chinese or most other modern varieties, and thus provide additional data for the reconstruction of Old Chinese. Jerry Norman reconstructed the sound system of Proto-Min from popular vocabulary in a range of Min varieties, including new data on varieties from inland Fujian. The system has a six-way manner contrast in stops and affricates, compared with the three-way contrast in Middle Chinese and modern Wu varieties and the two-way contrast in most modern Chinese varieties. A two-way contrast in sonorants is also reconstructed, compared with the single series of Middle Chinese and all modern varieties. Evidence from early loans into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandarin Chinese
Mandarin (; ) is a group of Chinese (Sinitic) dialects that are natively spoken across most of northern and southwestern China. The group includes the Beijing dialect, the basis of the phonology of Standard Chinese, the official language of China. Because Mandarin originated in North China and most Mandarin dialects are found in the north, the group is sometimes referred to as Northern Chinese (). Many varieties of Mandarin, such as those of the Southwest (including Sichuanese) and the Lower Yangtze, are not mutually intelligible with the standard language (or are only partially intelligible). Nevertheless, Mandarin as a group is often placed first in lists of languages by number of native speakers (with nearly one billion). Mandarin is by far the largest of the seven or ten Chinese dialect groups; it is spoken by 70 percent of all Chinese speakers over a large geographical area that stretches from Yunnan in the southwest to Xinjiang in the northwest and Heilongjiang in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanping Dialect
The Nanping dialect (), or Nanping Mandarin (), is a dialect of Mandarin Chinese spoken in Yanping District, in Nanping, Fujian. Locally, it is known as ''Tuguanhua'' (). It is one of three Mandarin dialect islands in Fujian. History and distribution In the past, Nanping Mandarin had great influence in northern Fujian. During the Republican Era, this dialect of Mandarin was taught as the standard in many schools in the area. However, since Yanping is surrounded by areas where Eastern and Northern Min are spoken, the areas where Nanping Mandarin is still spoken has shrunk down. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, when Fuzhou was under Japanese control, many people moved from Fuzhou into Nanping, and because of closer association with the provincial capital since the founding of the People's Republic of China, Fuzhounese became more popular, and speakers of Nanping Mandarin became fewer in number. Nanping Mandarin is still spoken in these parts of Yanping District Yanping Di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yanping District
Yanping District is a district of Nanping, Fujian province, People's Republic of China. The population of Yanping District was 504,483 at 2016. Etymology The name of the district literally means "Prolong Peace", and it is still commonly referred to as Nanping, which was its name before 1995. Nowadays, people still use both "Yanping" and "Nanping" in mailing address, and Nanping is even more common. History The city was built as a house at 196 BC. Before that it was a village governed by Houguan County (Fuzhou). Because it is the start point of Min River, it acts as a trading transferring center between North Fujian, Jiangxi and Fuzhou. Also, it is the last stronghold of Fuzhou, the largest city in Fujian, and usually carefully guarded. Because the soldiers came from north China, the city's dialect was more similar to that of Henan Province。 Yanping District was named Nanping City at 1956, and after the prefecture-level city was named Nanping in 1995, it changed to its curr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shunchang County
Shunchang County (; Northern Min: ) is a county under the administration of Nanping City, in the northwest of Fujian province, People's Republic of China. The county's name was established in 933, during the Tang Dynasty. It has a total population of approximately 241,200 people as of the end of 2003. It is a key region for forestry and the production of coarse bamboo in Fujian. Administrative divisions Shunchang County administers one subdistrict, seven towns, and four rural townships. The subdistrict is Shuangxi. The towns include Jianxi, Yangkou, Yuankeng, Bushang, Dali, Dagan, and Renshou. The rural townships include Yangdun, Zhengfang, Lanxia, and Gaoyang. Geography Shunchang County has two major brooks, Futunxi and Jinxi, as well as numerous smaller tributaries. Specialty * Renshou Guandan () Notable people * Hou Yuzhu * Zhang Guozheng Zhang Guozheng (; born September 14, 1974 in Shunchang, Nanping, Fujian) is a Chinese weightlifter. Zhang is a World champion, O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pucheng County, Fujian
Pucheng County () is a county under the jurisdiction of the municipality of Nanping, in northern Fujian province, People's Republic of China, bordering Jiangxi to the northwest and Zhejiang to the east; it is the northernmost county-level division of Fujian. The county is named for the Nanpu Brook, a major tributary to the Min River. Geography Pucheng comprises in the Wuyi Mountains which separates Fujian and Jiangxi provinces. It borders Songxi County to the southeast, Jianyang District to the south and Wuyishan City (location of the famous UNESCO park) to the west, all within Nanping. The municipality of Shangrao, Jiangxi, borders to the northwest; those of Quzhou, to the north, and Lishui, to the east, are in Zhejiang. Climate Culture Language The Pucheng dialect shares some features with Wu, but is classed among the Southern Chinese varieties. It is however not demonstrably a member of the Min subgroup (which covers almost all of Fujian), and pending further res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Songxi County
Songxi County () is a county under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Nanping, in the northwest of Fujian province, People's Republic of China, bordering Zhejiang province to the east. Its county seat is located at Songyuan Subdistrict. Administration 1 Subdistrict Songyuan () 2 Towns Zhengdun () Weitian () 6 Townships Hedong () Jiuxian () Xidong () Huaqiao () Zudun () Chaping () Transportation Expressway Expressway may refer to: * Controlled-access highway, the highest-grade type of highway with access ramps, lane markings, etc., for high-speed traffic. * Limited-access road, a lower grade of highway or arterial road. *Expressway, the fictional s ... * G25 Changchun-Shenzhen Expressway Rail The area is served by Songxi railway station. Specialty * Xiaojiao () Climate References * External linksOfficial website of Songxi County Government County-level divisions of Fujian Nanping {{Fujian-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhenghe County
Zhenghe County () is a county of northern Fujian province, People's Republic of China, bordering Zhejiang to the north. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Nanping. The Min-Bei dialect, or Northern Min (Guing'ei Di) prevails in Zhenghe County. History Zhenghe became a county in 1000AD, but its previous name is Guanli (). In 1115AD, the emperor appreciated the Gongfu tea from Guanli County. He delightfully named the county after his reign title "Zhenghe", which lasts till now. Administration 1 Subdistrict Xiongshan () 4 Towns Dongping () Tieshan () Zhenqian () Shuitun () 5 Townships Xingxi () Waitun () Yangyuan () Chengyuan () Lingyao () Climate Transportation Expressway Expressway may refer to: * Controlled-access highway, the highest-grade type of highway with access ramps, lane markings, etc., for high-speed traffic. * Limited-access road, a lower grade of highway or arterial road. *Expressway, the fictional s ... * G15 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jian'ou
Jian'ou is a county-level city in Nanping in northern Fujian province, China. Under the name Jianning (Kienning), it was formerly the seat of its own prefecture and was the namesake of its province. Jian'ou is within a major bamboo and rice-growing area on Jianxi Brook, about south from Jianyang. The Jian'ou dialect, a dialect of Northern Min, is spoken in Jian'ou. History The city was established in 196 under the name Jian'an – the era name of the reigning Emperor Xian of Han. Along with Fuzhou, they were the earliest-established Chinese territories in the area and thus their province bears their conjoined names: Fu & Jian. The city was once the capital of the Fujian region and also served as the capital of the kingdom of Yin in AD 943. In the Song dynasty, Jian'an became the seat of Jianning Prefecture (Jianning-fu). Jian'ou was visited by Marco Polo in 1291 on his way from Hangzhou to Quanzhou. In his '' Travels'', dictated seven years later to a scribe writing in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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