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Norberg Municipality
Norberg Municipality (''Norbergs kommun'') is a municipality in Västmanland County in central Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Norberg. History The area, located within Bergslagen, the mining district of central Sweden, has historically been a mining area directed at iron. In the 1970s, archeological finds traced the blast furnace in Lapphyttan to the 12th century, predating the earlier known with 300 years. In the 1390s, Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson was born on a farm outside the town Norberg. He was later to lead notable freedom-rebellions in 1434 against the King. The coat of arms was created in 1948, and was formally granted and registered as a municipal arms with the municipal reform of 1971. The lower half corresponds to the arms of Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson: Three half lilies in a triangle; the upper half is the sign of iron. Geography Geographically the town is situated by the small rivulet ''Norbergsån'', around which its oldest part, including the 14th c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Municipalities Of Sweden
The municipalities of Sweden ( sv, Sveriges kommuner) are its lower-level local government entities. There are 290 municipalities which are responsible for a large proportion of local services, including schools, emergency services and physical planning. Foundation The Local Government Act of 1991 specifies several responsibilities for the municipalities, and provides outlines for local government, such as the process for electing the municipal assembly. It also regulates a process (''laglighetsprövning'', "legality trial") through which any citizen can appeal the decisions of a local government to a county court. Municipal government in Sweden is similar to city commission government and cabinet-style council government. A legislative municipal assembly ''(kommunfullmäktige)'' of between 31 and 101 members (always an odd number) is elected from party-list proportional representation at municipal elections, held every four years in conjunction with the national general ele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iron
Iron () is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from la, ferrum) and atomic number 26. It is a metal that belongs to the first transition series and group 8 of the periodic table. It is, by mass, the most common element on Earth, right in front of oxygen (32.1% and 30.1%, respectively), forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust. In its metallic state, iron is rare in the Earth's crust, limited mainly to deposition by meteorites. Iron ores, by contrast, are among the most abundant in the Earth's crust, although extracting usable metal from them requires kilns or furnaces capable of reaching or higher, about higher than that required to smelt copper. Humans started to master that process in Eurasia during the 2nd millennium BCE and the use of iron tools and weapons began to displace copper alloys, in some regions, only around 1200 BCE. That event is considered the transition from the Bronze Age to the Iron A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fagersta Municipality
Fagersta Municipality (''Fagersta kommun'') is a municipality in Västmanland County in central Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Fagersta. The ''City of Fagersta'' (instituted in 1944) was in 1967 merged with Västervåla parish (which had been part of Surahammar Municipality since 1963). In 1971 it was transformed into a municipality of unitary type. Localities The municipal seat, Fagersta, is the only locality within the municipality with more than 200 inhabitants. Another locality of note is Ängelsberg, a village located on Åmänningen Lake. Politics of Fagersta Fagersta is historically a left wing stronghold, with mostly a social democratic majority running the town, a trend only broken with a further left majority between 1998–2014. Sights Engelsberg Ironworks, in Ängelsberg, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Notable people *Anitra Steen, manager of Systembolaget, former civil servant *Lennart Hellsing, writer *Ulf Samuelsson, ice hockey player *Tom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sala Municipality, Sweden
Sala Municipality ( sv, Sala kommun) is a municipality in Västmanland County in central Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Sala. The present municipality was created in 1971, when the ''City of Sala'' was amalgamated with the rural municipalities ''Möklinta'' and ''Tärna'' and a part of ''Västerfärnebo''. Localities * Kila * Kumla kyrkby * Möklinta * Norrbäck * Ransta * Sala (seat) * Salbohed * Sätra brunn * Västerfärnebo See also *Gussjön Gussjön is a lake in Sala Municipality, Sweden. {{authority control [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avesta Municipality
Avesta Municipality (''Avesta kommun'') is one of 290 municipalities of Sweden. It is in Dalarna County, in the central part of the country, and its seat is in the town of Avesta. The municipality in its present size was created in 1967 when the four surrounding municipalities were joined with the then ''City of Avesta''. In 1971 it became a municipality of unitary type. Geography Avesta borders to the municipalities of: * Hedemora in Dalarna, * Hofors and Sandviken in Gävleborg County, * Norberg and Sala in Västmanland County Localities * Avesta (the seat) * Krylbo (part of the seat Avesta.) * Horndal * Fors Sports Speedway: The most successful sport team in Avesta is their speedway team Masarna, translating to "the men of Dalecarlia", competing in the highest division in Sweden. Football: Avesta AIK, Krylbo IF Ladies' handball: Avesta Brovallen HF Ice hockey: Avesta BK Notability 1644–1776, Avesta was the largest part of the Swedish Mint, manufacturing main ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dalarna County
Dalarna County ( sv, Dalarnas län) is a county or '' län'' in central Sweden (Svealand). It borders on the counties of Uppsala, Jämtland, Gävleborg, Västmanland, Örebro and Värmland. It also borders on the Norwegian counties of Hedmark and Trøndelag to the west. It was formerly known as ''Kopparberg County'' ( sv, Kopparbergs län) until the name was changed to that of the provincial region on 1 January 1997. The province of Dalarna is slightly larger than the county, as the westernmost part of Ljusdal Municipality belongs to it. The term Dalarna County is mainly used for administrative purposes; it is further divided into municipalities (kommuner). Dalarna County encompasses nearly all of the cultural and historical province of Dalarna (literally, "the valleys"). For the most part sparsely populated and with extensive tracts of wilderness, Dalarna County is almost as large as Belgium in terms of land area. History In older times, Dalarna was periodically part of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hedemora Municipality
Hedemora Municipality (''Hedemora kommun'') is a municipality in Dalarna County in central Sweden. Its seat is in the city of Hedemora. In 1966 the ''City of Hedemora'' was amalgamated with the rural municipality by the same name and with ''Husby''. Military history Hedemora town was a recruit training place under Gustav Vasa's campaign against Denmark. In the victorious Battle of Brunnbäck Ferry (Swedish: ''Slaget vid Brunnbäcks färja'') in 1521, Peder Svensson from the village ''Vibberboda'' in Hedemora Municipality was one of the two commanding officers; (the other was Olof Bonde from ''Norrbärke'' in Smedjebacken Municipality). The ''Livkompaniet'' (company designated to protect the regiment chief) of Dalarna Regiment (''Dalregementet'') was located in Hedemora and Husby parishes between 1682 and 1901. The head officers of Dalregementet also lived in Husby during this period at ''Näs kungsgård'' and ''Husby kungsgård''. Localities * Hedemora (seat) * Långshyt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raasiku Parish
Raasiku Parish ( et, Raasiku vald) in Harju County is located in the south-eastern direction from the city of Tallinn. The main road leading through the parish is Jüri - Aruküla - Raasiku - Jägala road. The Tallinn - Tapa Railway goes through the northern border of the parish. Demographics As for neighbouring administrative divisions, the parish is surrounded by Jõelähtme in the north, by Anija in the east, by Kose in the south and by Rae parish in the west. ''2 small towns:'' Aruküla, Raasiku ''13 villages:'' Härma, Igavere, Järsi, Kalesi, Kiviloo, Kulli, Kurgla, Mallavere, Peningi, Perila, Pikavere, Rätla, Tõhelgi. Religion Symbolics Both the municipal flag and coat of arms have been in use since 1995. The coat of arms of the municipality symbolizes the beautiful pine forest of Aruküla, pine-like perseverance that helps people promote the economy and spiritual life of their home region. The green diagonal area resembles the other biggest smal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lily
''Lilium'' () is a genus of Herbaceous plant, herbaceous flowering plants growing from bulbs, all with large prominent flowers. They are the true lilies. Lilies are a group of flowering plants which are important in culture and literature in much of the world. Most species are native to the northern hemisphere and their range is temperate climates and extends into the subtropics. Many other plants have "lily" in their common names, but do not belong to the same genus and are therefore not true lilies. Description Lilies are tall perennial plant, perennials ranging in height from . They form naked or tunicless scaly underground bulbs which are their organs of perennation. In some North American species the base of the bulb develops into rhizomes, on which numerous small bulbs are found. Some species develop stolons. Most bulbs are buried deep in the ground, but a few species form bulbs near the soil surface. Many species form stem-roots. With these, the bulb grows naturally at s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson
Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson (1390s – 27 April/4 May 1436) was a Swedish nobleman, rebel leader and military boss of German ancestry. He was the leader of the Engelbrekt rebellion in 1434 against Eric of Pomerania, king of the Kalmar Union. Engelbrekt Parish (''Engelbrekts församling'') and Engelbrekt Church (''Engelbrektskyrkan'') in the Church of Sweden Diocese of Stockholm were both named in his honor. Biography Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson was the owner of a mine and ironworks in the historic mining region of Bergslagen. He was from the parish of Norberg (''Norbergs socken'') in Västmanland. His family originally came from Germany, having migrated to Sweden in the 1360s.NE (2023)''Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson''(''Nationalencyklopedin''). (Link checked 13 May 2013.) The family coat of arms shows three half-lilies formed into a triangle. Engelbrekt was dissatisfied by the numerous offences of the Danish local bailiffs and heavy taxation. In 1434 he started a rebellion with the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lapphyttan
Lapphyttan or Lapphyttejarn in Norberg Municipality, Sweden, may be regarded as the type site for the Medieval Blast Furnace. Its date is probably between 1150 and 1350. It produced cast iron, which was then fined to make ferritic wrought iron cake or bun-like blooms. These were then cut into lumps for trade. It is thought that they correspond to the iron pieces known as osmonds. Osmonds occur in English Customs records in the 1250s and seem to be alluded to in a commercial treaty with Novgorod in 1203. Lapphyttan is a part of Ecomuseum Bergslagen. Furnaces of this type have also been identified in Mark (Märkische Sauerland) in Westphalia and north of the Schwäbische Alb both in Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe .... Further reading * N. Björkenstam, 'The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blast Furnace
A blast furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace used for smelting to produce industrial metals, generally pig iron, but also others such as lead or copper. ''Blast'' refers to the combustion air being "forced" or supplied above atmospheric pressure. In a blast furnace, fuel ( coke), ores, and flux (limestone) are continuously supplied through the top of the furnace, while a hot blast of air (sometimes with oxygen enrichment) is blown into the lower section of the furnace through a series of pipes called tuyeres, so that the chemical reactions take place throughout the furnace as the material falls downward. The end products are usually molten metal and slag phases tapped from the bottom, and waste gases (flue gas) exiting from the top of the furnace. The downward flow of the ore along with the flux in contact with an upflow of hot, carbon monoxide-rich combustion gases is a countercurrent exchange and chemical reaction process. In contrast, air furnaces (such as reverbera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
