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Nitiobroges
The Nitiobroges (Gaulish language, Gaulish: *''Nitiobrogis'', 'the indigenous') were a Gauls, Gallic tribe dwelling on the middle Garonne, Garonne river, around their chief town Aginnon (modern-day Agen), during La Tène culture, Iron Age and the Roman period. Name They are mentioned as ''Nitiobroges'' (var. ''nitiobriges'', ''iciobriges''), ''Nitiobrogum'' and ''Nitiobrogibus'' (var. ''nit[h]iobrigibus'', ''nithiobrogibus'') by Julius Caesar, Caesar (mid-1st c. BC), ''Nitiobroges'' (var. ''antobroges'') by Pliny the Elder, Pliny (1st c. AD), ''Nitióbriges'' (Νιτιόβριγες) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD), and as ''Nisiobroges'' by Sidonius Apollinaris (5th c. AD). The name is also attested as ''Nitiobrogeis'' (νιτιοβρογεις) on an inscription written on a torc with the Greek alphabet, found in Mailly-le-Camp and dated to the mid-1st century BC. The ethnonym ''Nitiobroges'' is a latinized form of the Gaulish language, Gaulish *''Nitiobrogis'' (sing. ''Nitiobrox''), w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitiobroges Torque De Mailly 10520
The Nitiobroges (Gaulish language, Gaulish: *''Nitiobrogis'', 'the indigenous') were a Gauls, Gallic tribe dwelling on the middle Garonne, Garonne river, around their chief town Aginnon (modern-day Agen), during La Tène culture, Iron Age and the Roman period. Name They are mentioned as ''Nitiobroges'' (var. ''nitiobriges'', ''iciobriges''), ''Nitiobrogum'' and ''Nitiobrogibus'' (var. ''nit[h]iobrigibus'', ''nithiobrogibus'') by Julius Caesar, Caesar (mid-1st c. BC), ''Nitiobroges'' (var. ''antobroges'') by Pliny the Elder, Pliny (1st c. AD), ''Nitióbriges'' (Νιτιόβριγες) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD), and as ''Nisiobroges'' by Sidonius Apollinaris (5th c. AD). The name is also attested as ''Nitiobrogeis'' (νιτιοβρογεις) on an inscription written on a torc with the Greek alphabet, found in Mailly-le-Camp and dated to the mid-1st century BC. The ethnonym ''Nitiobroges'' is a latinized form of the Gaulish language, Gaulish *''Nitiobrogis'' (sing. ''Nitiobrox''), w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allobroges
The Allobroges (Gaulish: *''Allobrogis'', 'foreigner, exiled'; grc, Ἀλλοβρίγων, Ἀλλόβριγες) were a Gallic people dwelling in a large territory between the Rhône river and the Alps during the Iron Age and the Roman period. The Allobroges came relatively late to Gaul compared to most other tribes of Gallia Narbonensis; they first appear in historical records in connection with Hannibal's crossing of the Alps in 218 BC. Their territory was subsequently annexed to Rome in 121 BC by Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus and Quintus Fabius Maximus Allobrogicus. An attempted revolt was crushed by in 61 BC. However, they had rejected the second Catilinarian conspiracy in 63 BC. During the Gallic Wars, the Allobroges did not side with Vercingetorix at the Battle of Alesia in 52 BC. Name Attestations They are mentioned as ''A̓llobrígōn'' ( Ἀλλοβρίγων) by Polybius (2nd c. BC) and Strabo (early 1st c. AD),Polybius. ''Historíai'3:49–51 Strabo4:1:11 [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gauls
The Gauls ( la, Galli; grc, Γαλάται, ''Galátai'') were a group of Celtic peoples of mainland Europe in the Iron Age and the Roman period (roughly 5th century BC to 5th century AD). Their homeland was known as Gaul (''Gallia''). They spoke Gaulish, a continental Celtic language. The Gauls emerged around the 5th century BC as bearers of La Tène culture north and west of the Alps. By the 4th century BC, they were spread over much of what is now France, Belgium, Switzerland, Southern Germany, Austria, and the Czech Republic, by virtue of controlling the trade routes along the river systems of the Rhône, Seine, Rhine, and Danube. They reached the peak of their power in the 3rd century BC. During the 4th and 3rd centuries BC, the Gauls expanded into Northern Italy ( Cisalpine Gaul), leading to the Roman–Gallic wars, and into the Balkans, leading to war with the Greeks. These latter Gauls eventually settled in Anatolia, becoming known as Galatians. After the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bituriges Vivisci
The Bituriges Vivisci (Gaulish: ''Biturīges Uiuisci'') were a Gallic tribe dwelling near modern-day Bordeaux during the Roman period. They had a homonym tribe, the Bituriges Cubi in the Berry region, which could indicate a common origin, although there is no direct of evidence of this. Name They are mentioned as ''Bitourígōn te tō͂n Ou̓iouískōn'' (Βιτουρίγων τε τῶν Οὐιουίσκων) by Strabo (early 1st c. AD), ''Bituriges liberi cognomine Vivisci'' by Pliny (1st c. AD), and as ''Bitoúrges oi̔ Ou̓ibískoi'' (Βιτούργες οἱ Οὐιβίσκοι) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD). The Gaulish ethnonym ''Biturīges'' means 'kings of the world', or possibly 'perpetual kings'. It derives from the stem ''bitu-'' ('world', perhaps also 'perpetual'; cf. OIr. ''bith'' 'world, life, age', ''bith''- 'eternally', Old Welsh ''bid'', OBret. ''bit'' 'world') attached to ''riges'' ('kings'; sing. ''rix''). Whether the meaning 'perpetual' was already associated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alps
The Alps () ; german: Alpen ; it, Alpi ; rm, Alps ; sl, Alpe . are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe, stretching approximately across seven Alpine countries (from west to east): France, Switzerland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Austria, Germany, and Slovenia. The Alpine arch generally extends from Nice on the western Mediterranean to Trieste on the Adriatic and Vienna at the beginning of the Pannonian Basin. The mountains were formed over tens of millions of years as the African and Eurasian tectonic plates collided. Extreme shortening caused by the event resulted in marine sedimentary rocks rising by thrusting and folding into high mountain peaks such as Mont Blanc and the Matterhorn. Mont Blanc spans the French–Italian border, and at is the highest mountain in the Alps. The Alpine region area contains 128 peaks higher than . The altitude and size of the range affect the climate in Europe; in the mountains, precipitation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vercingetorix
Vercingetorix (; Greek: Οὐερκιγγετόριξ; – 46 BC) was a Gallic king and chieftain of the Arverni tribe who united the Gauls in a failed revolt against Roman forces during the last phase of Julius Caesar's Gallic Wars. Despite having willingly surrendered to Caesar, he was executed in Rome. Vercingetorix was the son of Celtillus the Arvernian, leader of the Gallic tribes. Vercingetorix came to power after his formal designation as chieftain of the Arverni at the oppidum Gergovia in 52 BC. He immediately established an alliance with other Gallic tribes, took command, combined all forces and led them in the Celts' most significant revolt against Roman power. He won the Battle of Gergovia against Julius Caesar in which several thousand Romans and their allies were killed and the Roman legions withdrew. Caesar had been able to exploit Gaulish internal divisions to easily subjugate the country, and Vercingetorix's attempt to unite the Gauls against Roman invasion cam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agen
The communes of France, commune of Agen (, ; ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Lot-et-Garonne Departments of France, department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France. It lies on the river Garonne southeast of Bordeaux. Geography The city of Agen lies in the southwestern department of Lot-et-Garonne in the Aquitaine region. The city centre lies on the east bank of the river Garonne, the Canal de Garonne flows through the city, approximately halfway between Bordeaux and Toulouse . Climate Agen features an oceanic climate (Cfb), in the Köppen climate classification. Winters are mild and feature cool to cold temperatures while summers are mild and warm. Rainfall is spread equally throughout the year; however, most sunshine hours are from March–September. Toponymy From Occitan language, Occitan ''Agen'' (1197), itself from Latin ''Aginnum'' (3rd century ''Itinéraire d'Antonin''), from a Celtic languages, Celtic root ''agin-'' meaning "rock or height". ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasates (tribe)
''Vasates'' is a genus of mites in the family Eriophyidae, which cause galls on the leaves of trees, including the following species: *''Vasates aceriscrumena ''Vasates'' is a genus of mites in the family Eriophyidae, which cause galls on the leaves of trees, including the following species: *''Vasates aceriscrumena'' (Riley & Vasey, 1870) *''Vasates quadripedes'' (Henry Shimer, Shimer, 1869) Referen ...'' (Riley & Vasey, 1870) *'' Vasates quadripedes'' ( Shimer, 1869) References Eriophyidae Trombidiformes genera Taxa named by Henry Shimer {{Trombidiformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ausci
The Auscii or Ausci were an Aquitani tribe dwelling around present-day Auch during the Iron Age. Alongside the Tarbelli, they were one of the most powerful peoples of Aquitania. Name They are mentioned as ''Ausci'' by Caesar (mid-1st c. BC), Pliny (1st c. AD) and Pomponius Mela (mid-1st c. AD), and as ''Au̓skíois'' (Αὐσκίοις) by Strabo (early 1st c. AD)., s.v. ''Auscii''. The ethnonym ''Auscii'' may be related to the prefix ''eusk''-, meaning 'Basque' in the Basque language ('' euskara''). The city of Auch, attested as ''civitas Auscius'' in the early 4th century AD, is named after the tribe. Geography Their territory was located north of the Onobrisates, west of the Cambolectri and Volcae Tectosages The Volcae () were a Gallic tribal confederation constituted before the raid of combined Gauls that invaded Macedonia c. 270 BC and fought the assembled Greeks at the Battle of Thermopylae in 279 BC. Tribes known by the name Volcae were found si ..., south ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volcae Tectosages
The Volcae () were a Gallic tribal confederation constituted before the raid of combined Gauls that invaded Macedonia c. 270 BC and fought the assembled Greeks at the Battle of Thermopylae in 279 BC. Tribes known by the name Volcae were found simultaneously in southern Gaul, Moravia, the Ebro valley of the Iberian Peninsula, and Galatia in Anatolia. The Volcae appear to have been part of the late La Tène material culture, and a Celtic identity has been attributed to the Volcae, based on mentions in Greek and Latin sources as well as onomastic evidence. Driven by highly mobile groups operating outside the tribal system and comprising diverse elements, the Volcae were one of the new ethnic entities formed during the Celtic military expansion at the beginning of the 3rd century BC. Collecting in the famous excursion into the Balkans, ostensibly, from the Greek point of view, to raid Delphi, a branch of the Volcae split from the main group on the way into the Balkans and joined tw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sotiates
The Sotiates were a Gallic-Aquitani tribe dwelling in the region surrounding the modern town of Sos (Lot-et-Garonne) during the Iron Age and the Roman period. They were subjugated in 56 BC by the Roman forces of Caesar's legatus P. Licinius Crassus. Name They are mentioned as ''Sotiates'' (var. ''sontiates'', ''sociates'') by Caesar (mid-1st c. BC), and as ''Sottiates'' by Pliny (1st c. AD)., s.v. ''Sotiates'' and ''Sotium''. The meaning of the ethnonym ''Sotiates'' remains unclear. The suffix is possibly the Gaulish -''ates'' ('belonging to'), which appears in the names of many Gallic tribes across Europe (e.g., ''Atrebates'', ''Nantuates'', ''Caeracates''). The origin of the first element ''Soti-'' is still unknown. The city of Sos, attested in the 1st c. BC as ''oppidum Sotiatum'' ('oppidum of the Sotiates'; ''archidiaconatus Socientis'' in the late 13th c. AD) is named after the ancient tribe. Geography The Sotiates dwelled north of the Elusates and Tarusates, sou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruteni
The Ruteni were a Gallic tribe dwelling in the southern part of the Massif Central, around present-day Rodez, during the Iron Age and the Roman period. Name They are mentioned as ''Rutenos'' by Caesar (mid-1st c. BC), ''R̔outēnoì'' (Ῥουτηνοὶ; var. Ῥουταινοὶ) by Strabo (early 1st c. AD), ''Ruteni'' (var. ''roteni'', ''Rutheni'') by Pliny (1st c. AD), ''Ruteni'' by Lucan, and as ''R̔outanoì'' (Ῥουτανοὶ) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD)., s.v. ''Ruteni'' and ''Civitas Rutenorum''. The Celticity of the name remains uncertain. It has been tentatively translated as 'the blond ones' by extrapolating from a description of the Roman poet Lucan ("The fair-haired Ruteni were freed from the garrison that long had held them"). The city of Rodez, attested ca. 400 AD as ''civitas Rutenorum'' ('civitas of the Ruteni'; ''in urbe Rutena'' in the 9th c., ''Rodes'' ca. 1183), and the region of Rouergue, attested as ''in pago Rodonico'' in 767 (''Rodengue'', ''Rodergue'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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