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Ninth-of-May Constitution
The Ninth-of-May (1948) Constitution was the second constitution of Czechoslovakia, in force from 1948 to 1960. It came into force on 9 May, shortly after the communist seizure of power in the country on 25 February 1948. It replaced the 1920 Constitution. Work on the new document had been underway since the summer of 1946. As a result, it was not a fully Communist constitution. It was superficially similar to its predecessor; indeed, several provisions were directly carried over from the earlier document. However, it contained a number of elements borrowed from the " Stalin Constitution" of the Soviet Union. The Soviet imprint on the final document was strong enough that President Edvard Beneš refused to sign it and later resigned. It was flagrantly violated by the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ), the government and many individuals throughout the period of its being in force, especially regarding the provisions on private ownership and human rights. Since the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constituent National Assembly (Czechoslovakia)
The Constituent National Assembly (, ) was the unicameral parliament of the Third Republic of Czechoslovakia from 1946 until 1948. Only one election was ever held, in May 1946. The Constituent National Assembly was a successor to the Interim National Assembly. Democracy in Czechoslovakia ended in the Czechoslovak coup d'état of February 1948, where the Communist Party A communist party is a political party that seeks to realize the socio-economic goals of communism. The term ''communist party'' was popularized by the title of ''The Manifesto of the Communist Party'' (1848) by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. A ... took power. Democracy was not restored until 41 years later. Presidents of the Constituent National Assembly References External links Joint Czech-Slovak Digital Parliamentary Library {{Authority control Parliaments of Czechoslovakia 1946 establishments in Czechoslovakia 1948 disestablishments Constituent assemblies Defunct unicameral legislatures ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alois Neuman
Alois (Latinized ''Aloysius'') is an Old Occitan form of the name Louis. Modern variants include ''Aloïs'' ( French), ''Aloys'' (German), ''Alois'' (Czech), ''Alojz'' ( Slovak, Slovenian), ''Alojzy'' (Polish), '' Aloísio'' (Portuguese, Spanish, Italian), and ''Alajos'' ( Hungarian). People called Alois/Aloys * Alois Alzheimer (1864–1915), German psychiatrist and neuropathologist * Alois Arnegger (1879–1963), Austrian painter * Alois Biach (1849–1918), Austrian physician and medical writer * Alois Brunner (1912–2001), Austrian Nazi SS concentration camp war criminal * Alois Carigiet (1902–1985), Swiss illustrator * Alois Dryák (1872–1932), Czech architect * Alois Eliáš (1890–1942), Czech general and politician * Alois Estermann, senior officer of the Pontifical Swiss Guard who was murdered in his apartment * Alois Hába, Czech composer * Alois Hitler (1837–1903), born Aloys Schicklgruber; Adolf Hitler's father * Alois Hitler, Jr. (1882–1956), Adolf Hitler's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitution
A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of Legal entity, entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed. When these principles are written down into a single document or set of legal documents, those documents may be said to embody a ''written constitution''; if they are encompassed in a single comprehensive document, it is said to embody a ''codified constitution''. The Constitution of the United Kingdom is a notable example of an ''uncodified constitution''; it is instead written in numerous fundamental Acts of a legislature, court cases or treaties. Constitutions concern different levels of organizations, from Sovereign state, sovereign countries to Company, companies and unincorporated Club (organization), associations. A treaty which establishes an international organization is also its constitution, in that it would define how that organiza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1960 Constitution Of Czechoslovakia
The Constitution of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (''Ústava Československé socialistické / Československej socialistickej republiky'' in Czech / Slovak), promulgated on 11 July 1960 as the constitutional law 100/1960 Sb., was the third constitution of Czechoslovakia, and the second of the Communist era. It replaced the 1948 Ninth-of-May Constitution and was widely changed by the Constitutional Law of Federation in 1968. It was extensively revised after the Velvet Revolution to prune out its Communist character, with a view toward replacing it with a completely new constitution. However, this never took place, and it remained in force until the dissolution of Czechoslovakia in 1992. Overview The Ninth-of-May-Constitution was superficially similar in many respects to the 1920 Constitution and contained a mixture of liberal democratic and Communist elements. In contrast, the 1960 Constitution was a fully Communist document. It borrowed heavily from the 1936 Soviet Const ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czechoslovak Constitution Of 1920
After World War I, Czechoslovakia established itself and as a republic and democracy with the establishment of the Constitution of 1920. The constitution was adopted by the National Assembly on 29 February 1920 and replaced the provisional constitution adopted on 13 November 1918. The constitution, modelled after constitutions of established democracies, was conceived in the light of Hans Kelsen's contribution to constitutional law. The system of government the constitution introduced made Czechoslovakia the most westernized of all of the central and eastern European nations on the verge of World War II. The constitution created a parliament but also a president and cabinet, sharing powers of executive branch. Beneath them was a judiciary that was advanced with many levels of courts delegated for various types of cases. Parliamentary democracy The parliament, the National Assembly, was bicameral. The Chamber of Deputies consisted of 300 members elected for 6 years. The Senate co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Democracy (Marxism–Leninism)
People's democracy is a theoretical concept within Marxism–Leninism and a form of government which developed after World War II and allows in theory for a multi-class and multi-party democracy on the pathway to socialism. People's democracy was established in a number of European and Asian countries as a result of the people's democratic revolutions of the 1940s. Prior to the rise of fascism, communist parties had called for soviet republics to be implemented throughout the world, such as the Chinese Soviet Republic or William Z. Foster's book '' Toward Soviet America''. However, after the rise of fascism, and the creation of the popular front governments in France and Spain, the Comintern under Bulgarian Communist leader Georgi Dimitrov began to advocate for a multi-party united front of the communist and social democratic parties as opposed to the one-party proletarian dictatorship of the Soviets. The possibility of a multi-party people's democracy was first put forward dur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freedom Party (Slovakia)
The Freedom Party (''Strana slobody'') originally Christian-Republican Party (''Kresťansko-republikánska strana'') was a political party in Slovakia. It was founded by some members of the Democratic Party in March 1946 as a party mainly for Catholics. Its aim was to present an alternative of “Christian, progressive and pro-Czechoslovak″ politics to the Democratic Party. The Freedom Party was led by Vavro Šrobár and won 3 seats in the Czechoslovak parliament in the 1946 election. The party was main platform for the so-called Hlasists. When the Communists took power in Czechoslovakia in February 1948, the party lost any practical power and became playing role of a bloc party in the National Front. Its newspaper was called ''Sloboda'' (Freedom). During the communist rule, some Slovak intellectuals in opposition to the regime were concentrated in the party, such as actor Marián Labuda, with its peak during the Prague Spring in 1968. After the Velvet Revolution, in 199 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vavro Šrobár
Vavrinec Ján Šrobár, known as Vavro Šrobár (9 August 1867 – 6 December 1950) was a Slovak doctor and politician. He was a major figure in Slovak politics in the interwar period. Šrobár played an important role in the creation of Czechoslovakia in 1918 following the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and served in a variety of ministerial roles between the wars. He also served for many years as a representative in the Czechoslovak parliament and was a tenured professor in the history of medicine. Šrobár retired from public life before the outbreak of the Second World War, but following the war he resumed a ministerial career in the re-established Czechoslovak government in the five years before his death. Early life and education Born in Lisková (then part of the Kingdom of Hungary), he was educated between 1878–82 at the gymnasium in Ružomberok where only the Hungarian language – which he did not speak – was used as the language of education. He moved ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexej Čepička
General Alexej Čepička (18 August 1910 – 30 September 1990) was a Czechoslovak communist politician who served as defense minister from 1950 to 1956. Early years Čepička was born into a poor family. He studied law in Prague. At the age of 19 he joined the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia but was not very politically active. Later, he worked in advocacy. In 1942 he was imprisoned by Gestapo and was held in Auschwitz and Buchenwald concentration camps until the end of World War II. Political career After his return to Kroměříž Čepička got involved in local administration, dealing brutally, quickly, and effectively with post war chaos. He married the daughter of Klement Gottwald, the leader of the Communist Party, who later became prime minister and President of Czechoslovakia. As a candidate of the Communist Party, Čepička was voted into parliament in the 1946 elections. In 1947, he was named into the position of minister of domestic trade (''ministr vnitřního obc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludmila Jankovcová
Ludmila Jankovcová (née Stračovská; 8 August 1897, Kutná Hora – 5 September 1990, Plzeň) was a Czechs, Czech politician. She was appointed Minister of Industry (Czechoslovakia), Minister of Industry in 1947, and Deputy Prime Minister in 1954. References 1897 births 1990 deaths People from Kutná Hora 20th-century Czech women politicians Government ministers of Czechoslovakia Charter 77 signatories {{CzechRepublic-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zdeněk Nejedlý
Zdeněk Nejedlý (10 February 1878 – 9 March 1962) was a Czech musicologist, historian, music critic, author, and politician whose ideas dominated the cultural life of what is now the Czech Republic for most of the twentieth century. Although he started out merely reviewing operas in Prague newspapers in 1901, by the interwar period his status had risen, guided primarily by socialist political views. This combination of left wing politics and cultural leadership made him a central figure in the early years of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic after 1948, where he became the first Minister of Culture and Education. In this position he was responsible for creating a statewide education curriculum, and was associated with the early 1950s expulsion of university professors. Biography Early life and career Son of the east Bohemian composer and pedagogue Roman Nejedlý (1844–1920), Zdeněk Nejedlý had the good fortune to be born in Litomyšl, the historic birthplace of the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josef Plojhar , a Japanese manufacturer of musical instruments
{{disambiguation ...
Josef may refer to *Josef (given name) *Josef (surname) * ''Josef'' (film), a 2011 Croatian war film *Musik Josef Musik Josef is a Japanese manufacturer of musical instruments. It was founded by Yukio Nakamura, and is the only company in Japan specializing in producing oboe The oboe ( ) is a type of double reed woodwind instrument. Oboes are usually ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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