|
Nicola Spence
Nicola Jane Spence (born 22 February 1961) is the Chief Plant Health Officer and Civil Service (United Kingdom)#Grading schemes, Deputy Director for plant and bee health at the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. Early life and education Spence was educated at The Mount School, York and Bridlington School. She obtained a BSc in Botany from the University of Durham. Before starting her Master's degree, Masters, Spence volunteered at the Bermuda Marine Biology Research Institute then worked as a tutor for O level and A level students, and was unsure if she wanted to pursure a career in research. Spence undertook a Msc Microbiology from Birkbeck College, which she states 'turned out to be the best decision I made at the start of my career.' Spence then obtained a PhD in Plant Virus, Plant Virology from the University of Birmingham, her thesis was entitled ''The identification, distribution and ecology of bean common mosaic virus in Africa''. In December 2018 Spenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tedx
TED Conferences, LLC (Technology, Entertainment, Design) is an American-Canadian non-profit media organization that posts international talks online for free distribution under the slogan "ideas worth spreading". TED was founded by Richard Saul Wurman and Harry Marks in February 1984 as a tech conference, in which gave a demo of the compact disc that was invented in October 1982. It has been held annually since 1990. TED covers almost all topics – from science to business to global issues – in more than 100 languages. To date, more than 13,000 TEDx events have been held in at least 150 countries. TED's early emphasis was on technology and design, consistent with its Silicon Valley origins. It has since broadened its perspective to include talks on many scientific, cultural, political, humanitarian, and academic topics. It has been curated by Chris Anderson, a British-American businessman, through the non-profit TED Foundation since July 2019 (originally by the non ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tutor
TUTOR, also known as PLATO Author Language, is a programming language developed for use on the PLATO system at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign beginning in roughly 1965. TUTOR was initially designed by Paul Tenczar for use in computer assisted instruction (CAI) and computer managed instruction (CMI) (in computer programs called "lessons") and has many features for that purpose. For example, TUTOR has powerful answer-parsing and answer-judging commands, graphics, and features to simplify handling student records and statistics by instructors. TUTOR's flexibility, in combination with PLATO's computational power (running on what was considered a supercomputer in 1972), also made it suitable for the creation of games — including flight simulators, war games, dungeon style multiplayer role-playing games, card games, word games, and medical lesson games such as ''Bugs and Drugs'' (''BND''). TUTOR lives on today as the programming language for the Cyber1 PLATO Syste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Department For International Development
, type = Department , logo = DfID.svg , logo_width = 180px , logo_caption = , picture = File:Admiralty Screen (411824276).jpg , picture_width = 180px , picture_caption = Department for International Development (London office) (far right) , seal = , seal_width = , seal_caption = , formed = 1997 , preceding1 = Ministry of Overseas Development (ODM) , preceding2 = Overseas Development Administration (ODA) , dissolved = 2 September 2020 , superseding = Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office , jurisdiction = United Kingdom , headquarters = 22 Whitehall, London, EnglandEast Kilbride, Scotland , employees = , budget = £13.4bn , minister1_name = , minister1_pfo = , minister2_name = , minister2_pfo = , minister3_name = , minister3_pfo = , chief1_name = , chief1_position = , chief2_name = , chief2_position = , child1_agency = , website = , footnotes = , chief3_name = , chief3_position = , chief4_name = , chief4_position = , chief ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beet Mosaic Virus
Beet mosaic virus (BtMV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family ''Potyviridae ''Potyviridae'' is a family of positive-strand RNA viruses that encompasses more than 30% of known plant viruses, many of which are of great agricultural significance. The family has 12 genera and 235 species, three of which are unassigned to a ...''. External linksICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database: Beet mosaic virus Viral plant pathogens and diseases Potyviruses {{Virus-plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus
Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) is a member of the genus ''Caulimovirus'', one of the six genera in the family ''Caulimoviridae'', which are pararetroviruses that infect plants. Pararetroviruses replicate through reverse transcription just like retroviruses, but the viral particles contain DNA instead of RNA. Definition The cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) is a member of the family ''Caulimoviridae''. This family is grouped together with the ''Belpaoviridae'', ''Metaviridae'', ''Pseudoviridae'', and ''Retroviridae'' (all of which instead have an RNA genome replicated via a DNA intermediate) in the order ''Ortervirales''; the ''Hepadnaviridae'', despite having a DNA genome replicated via an RNA intermediate (like the ''Caulimoviridae''), are more distantly related, belonging to the separate order ''Blubervirales'' (both orders belong to the same class, the '' Revtraviricetes''). CaMV infects mostly plants of the family Brassicaceae (such as cauliflower and turnip) but some C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turnip Mosaic Virus
Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) is a ''Potyvirus'' of the family ''Potyviridae'' that causes diseases in cruciferous plants, among others. The virus is usually spread by 40-50 species of aphids in a non-persistent manner. Infected plants, especially the natural hosts, show symptoms such as chlorotic local lesions, mosaic, mottling, puckering or rugosity. TuMV is a positive-sense single stranded RNA virus, consisting of a non-enveloped, helical capsid that is filamentous and flexuous, with an average length of 720 nm. The TuMV genome is linear and monopartite (single particle). The virus has a thermal inactivation point (TIP) of 62 °C, and longevity in vitro (LIV) of 3–4 days. Evolution This virus probably evolved from a virus of wild orchids in Germany spreading to wild and domestic brassica ''Brassica'' () is a genus of plants in the cabbage and mustard family (Brassicaceae). The members of the genus are informally known as cruciferous vegetables, cabbages, o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Economic Impact
An economic impact analysis (EIA) examines the effect of an event on the economy in a specified area, ranging from a single neighborhood to the entire globe. It usually measures changes in business revenue, business profits, personal wages, and/or jobs. The economic event analyzed can include implementation of a new policy or project, or may simply be the presence of a business or organization. An economic impact analysis is commonly conducted when there is public concern about the potential impacts of a proposed project or policy. An economic impact analysis typically measures or estimates the change in economic activity between two scenarios, one assuming the economic event ''occurs'', and one assuming it ''does not occur'' (which is referred to as the counterfactual case). This can be accomplished either before or after the event (''ex ante'' or ''ex post''). An economic impact analysis attempts to measure or estimate the change in economic activity in a specified region, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legumes
A legume () is a plant in the family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), or the fruit or seed of such a plant. When used as a dry grain, the seed is also called a pulse. Legumes are grown agriculturally, primarily for human consumption, for livestock forage and silage, and as soil-enhancing green manure. Well-known legumes include beans, soybeans, chickpeas, peanuts, lentils, lupins, mesquite, carob, tamarind, alfalfa, and clover. Legumes produce a botanically unique type of fruit – a simple dry fruit that develops from a simple carpel and usually dehisces (opens along a seam) on two sides. Legumes are notable in that most of them have symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in structures called root nodules. For that reason, they play a key role in crop rotation. Terminology The term ''pulse'', as used by the United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), is reserved for legume crops harvested solely for the dry seed. This excludes green beans and green peas, which ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bean Common Mosaic Virus
A bean is the seed of several plants in the family Fabaceae, which are used as vegetables for human or animal food. They can be cooked in many different ways, including boiling, frying, and baking, and are used in many traditional dishes throughout the world. Terminology The word "bean" and its Germanic cognates (e.g. German '' Bohne'') have existed in common use in West Germanic languages since before the 12th century, referring to broad beans, chickpeas, and other pod-borne seeds. This was long before the New World genus ''Phaseolus'' was known in Europe. After Columbian-era contact between Europe and the Americas, use of the word was extended to pod-borne seeds of ''Phaseolus'', such as the common bean and the runner bean, and the related genus ''Vigna''. The term has long been applied generally to many other seeds of similar form, such as Old World soybeans, peas, other vetches, and lupins, and even to those with slighter resemblances, such as coffee beans, vanilla bea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Horticulture Research International
Warwick HRI (formerly Horticulture Research International) was a United Kingdom organisation tasked with carrying out horticultural research and development and transferring the results to industry in England. History Horticulture Research International (HRI) was constituted in May 1990 from the Agricultural and Food Research Council Institute of Horticultural Research Stations at Wellesbourne (the National Vegetable Research Station), East Malling (the East Malling Research Station) and Littlehampton (the Glasshouse Crops Research Institute), the Hop Unit at Wye College and the ADAS Experimental Stations of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food at Efford, Kirton and Stockbridge. Warwick HRI was formed on 1 April 2004 following the integration of HRI's sites at Wellesbourne and Kirton with the University of Warwick. The Kirton site was closed by the university in February 2009. In November 2009, Warwick University announced that it had decided to close Warwick HRI as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant Virus
Plant viruses are viruses that affect plants. Like all other viruses, plant viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that do not have the molecular machinery to replicate without a host. Plant viruses can be pathogenic to higher plants. Most plant viruses are rod-shaped, with protein discs forming a tube surrounding the viral genome; isometric particles are another common structure. They rarely have an envelope. The great majority have an RNA genome, which is usually small and single stranded (ss), but some viruses have double-stranded (ds) RNA, ssDNA or dsDNA genomes. Although plant viruses are not as well understood as their animal counterparts, one plant virus has become very recognizable: ''tobacco mosaic virus'' (TMV), the first virus to be discovered. This and other viruses cause an estimated US$60 billion loss in crop yields worldwide each year. Plant viruses are grouped into 73 genera and 49 families. However, these figures relate only to cultivated plants, which r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Challenge
''University Challenge'' is a British television quiz programme which first aired in 1962. ''University Challenge'' aired for 913 episodes on ITV from 21 September 1962 to 31 December 1987, presented by quizmaster Bamber Gascoigne. The BBC revived the programme on 21 September 1994 with Jeremy Paxman as the quizmaster. Paxman will relinquish his role as host following the conclusion of the 52nd series in 2023, after which he will be succeeded by Amol Rajan. In October 2022, an ITV documentary, ''Paxman: Putting Up With Parkinson's'', revealed how the disease has impacted him and revealed that Paxman recorded his very last episode of ''University Challenge'' on 15 October 2022, which is to air sometime in 2023. The current title holders are Imperial College London, who won the 51st series on 4 April 2022. The show has always been produced by the same company (originally named Granada Television, renamed ITV Studios in 2009 and renamed again Lifted Entertainment in 2021), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Department For International Development")
