|
Nicola Athapaskan
The Nicola Athapaskans, also known as the Nicola people or Stuwix, were an Athabascan people who migrated into the Nicola Country of what is now the Southern Interior of British Columbia from the north a few centuries ago but were slowly reduced in number by constant raiding from peoples from outside the valley (mostly Secwepemc), with the survivors, the last of whom lived near Nicola Lake, assimilated to the Scw'exmx-Syilx Nicola people by the end of the 19th century. The term Nicola for them is a misnomer, though a common one used by ethnologists and linguists - it commemorates a famous Okanagan chief who once held sway over the valley and its peoples as well as over the Kamloops Shuswap). First appearing in the Bonaparte River valley and at Spences Bridge, they came into conflict with the Secwepemc and Nlaka'pamux peoples of that area, the Thompson Canyon, after journeying south to get away from "bad neighbours". At first in conflict with the Nlaka'pamux, peaceful terms wer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicola Country
The Nicola Country, also known as the Nicola Valley and often referred to simply as The Nicola, and originally Nicolas' Country or Nicholas' Country, adapted to Nicola's Country and simplified since, is a region in the Southern Interior of British Columbia, Canada. It is the main subregion of the larger Thompson Country and is often referred to separately, or in combination forms, notably the Thompson-Nicola Regional District. The combination Nicola-Similkameen is also common. The Nicola Country is roughly synonymous with the basin of the Nicola River, but unlike other similar region-names in BC was not named for the river. Rather, both were named as a result of this region being the territory under the rule of Nicola (''Hwistesmexteqen''), the most prominent and influential of the chiefs of the Nicola people, who like the river and region were named for the chief, i.e. "Nicola's people". Nicola was the son of Pelkamulox, an Okanagan chief who, at the invitation of Kwa'lila, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Nicola
Nicola ( – ) (Spokan: ''Hwistesmetxe'qen'', ''Walking Grizzly Bear''), also Nkwala or N'kwala, was an important First Nations political figure in the fur trade era of the British Columbia Interior (early 19th century to 1858) as well as into the colonial period (1858–1871). He was grand chief of the Okanagan people and chief of the Nicola Valley peoples, an alliance of Nlaka'pamux and Okanagans and the surviving Nicola Athapaskans, and also of the Kamloops Band of the Shuswap people. Name The name ''Nicolas'' ( in approximation of the French) was conferred on him by French-Canadians in the employ of the Hudson's Bay and Northwest Companies who worked at a temporary unnamed trading post at the head of Okanagan Lake. The Scots and English in the employ of the companies adapted this to ''Nicholas'' and ''Old Nicholas,'' while First Nations people adapted it to ''Nkwala’.'' Biography Lineage Nicola was one of the four children and chiefly heir of Pelka'mulox ("Roll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Similkameen River
The Similkameen River runs through southern British Columbia, Canada, eventually discharging into the Okanagan River near Oroville, Washington, in the United States. Through the Okanagan River, it drains to the Columbia River. The river is said to be named for an indigenous people called ''Similkameigh'', meaning "treacherous waters". The river is controversially dammed (the now-defunct Enloe Dam), blocking fish passage to the upper (Canadian) reaches of the river. History The first mention of the Similkameen by a European was by Alexander Ross. While on a trading expedition, he travelled by way of the "Similkameigh River." Sir George Simpson used the name "Similkameigh" for one of the groups part of the Okanagan Nation. The transition from ''Similkameigh'' to ''Similkameen'' may have been inspired by the name of the Tulameen River despite being etymologically incorrect. The name ''Similkameigh'' comes from a now-extinct language of Nicola-Similkameen, of the Athapascan lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Okanagan River
The Okanogan River (known as the Okanagan River in Canada) is a tributary of the Columbia River, approximately 115 mi (185 km) long, in southern British Columbia and north central Washington. It drains a scenic plateau region called the Okanagan Country east of the Cascade Range and north and west of the Columbia, and also the Okanagan region of British Columbia. The Canadian portion of the river has been channelized since the mid-1950s. Course The Okanagan River rises in southern British Columbia, issuing out of the southern end of Okanagan Lake, which is on the north side of the city of Penticton. It flows south past Penticton, through Skaha Lake, past Okanagan Falls, through Vaseux Lake, and past Oliver to Osoyoos and Osoyoos Lake, which spans the Canada–United States border and has its outlet into the Okanogan River at Oroville, on the southern shore of the lake, in Okanogan County. At the border the river's name (and the region and also the name of the Ok ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinookan
The Chinookan languages were a small family of languages spoken in Oregon and Washington along the Columbia River by Chinook peoples. Although the last known native speaker of any Chinookan language died in 2012, the 2009-2013 American Community Survey found 270 self-identified speakers of Upper Chinook. Family division Chinookan consisted of three languages with multiple varieties. There is some dispute over classification, and there are two ISO 639-3 codes assignedchh(Chinook, Lower Chinook) anwac(Wasco-Wishram, Upper Chinook). For example, Ethnologue 15e classifies Kiksht as Lower Chinook, while others consider it instead Upper Chinookdiscussion, and others a separate language. * Lower Chinook (also known as Chinook-proper or Coastal Chinook) † * Kathlamet (also known as Katlamat, Cathlamet) † * Upper Chinook (also known as Kiksht, Columbia Chinook) † Phonology The vowels in the Chinookan languages are /a i ɛ ə u/. Stress is marked as /á/. Morphology As in many N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Okanagan Mourning Dove
The Okanagan ( ), also known as the Okanagan Valley and sometimes as the Okanagan Country, is a region in the Canadian province of British Columbia defined by the basin of Okanagan Lake and the Canadian portion of the Okanagan River. It is part of the Okanagan Country, extending into the United States as Okanogan County in north-central Washington. According to the 2016 Canadian census, the region's population is 362,258. The largest populated cities are Kelowna, Penticton, Vernon, and West Kelowna. The region is known for its sunny climate, dry landscapes and lakeshore communities and particular lifestyle. The economy is retirement and commercial-recreation based, with outdoor activities such as boating and watersports, skiing and hiking. Agriculture has been focused primarily on fruit orchards, with a recent shift in focus to vineyards and wine. The region stretches northwards via the Spallumcheen Valley to Sicamous in the Shuswap Country, and reaches south of the Canada–U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chilcotin Language
''Nenqayni Ch’ih'' (lit. "the Native way") (also Chilcotin, Tŝilhqotʹin, Tsilhqot’in, Tsilhqút’in) is a Northern Athabaskan language spoken in British Columbia by the Tsilhqot’in people. The name ''Chilcotin'' is derived from the Chilcotin name for themselves: , literally "people of the red ochre river". Phonology Consonants Chilcotin has 47 consonants: * Like many other Athabaskan languages, Chilcotin does not have a contrast between fricatives and approximants. * The alveolar series is pharyngealized. * Dentals and alveolars: ** Both Krauss (1975) and Cook (1993) describe the dental and alveolar as being essentially identical in articulation, ''postdental'', with the only differentiating factor being their different behaviours in the vowel flattening processes (described below). **Gafos (1999, personal communication with Cook) describes the dental series as ''apico-laminal denti-alveolar'' and the alveolar series as ''lamino-postalveolar''. Vowels Chilcotin h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princeton, British Columbia
Princeton (originally Vermilion Forks) is a town in the Similkameen region of southern British Columbia, Canada."The rich history of Princeton or how Vermilion Forks made it on the map...", Princeton 2008 Visitors Guide, p. 4. It lies just east of the Cascade Mountains, which continue south into Washington, Oregon and California. The Tulameen and Similkameen Rivers converge here."Everything you've ever wanted to know about Princeton...", Princeton 2008 Visitors Guide, p. 6. At the 2016 census, the population was 2,828. Princeton centres on seven blocks of businesses along Bridge Street and five blocks on Vermilion Avenue; there are also businesses along British Columbia Highway 3."Princeton... 'Beautiful B.C. at its Best'", Princeton 2008 Visitors Guide, p. 9. Historically, the area's main industry has been mining—copper, gold, coal, and some platinum—The town's biggest employers are Copper Mountain Mine and a sawmill owned by Weyerhaeuser, along with a few smaller timbe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merritt, British Columbia
Merritt is a city in the Nicola Valley of the south-central Interior of British Columbia, Canada. It is northeast of Vancouver. Situated at the confluence of the Nicola and Coldwater rivers, it is the first major community encountered after travelling along Phase One of the Coquihalla Highway and acts as the gateway to all other major highways to the B.C. Interior. The city developed in 1893 when part of the ranches owned by William Voght, Jesus Garcia, and John Charters were surveyed for a town site. Once known as Forksdale, the community adopted its current name in 1906 in honour of mining engineer and railway promoter William Hamilton Merritt III.Akrigg, Helen B. and Akrigg, G.P.V; 1001 British Columbia Place Names; Discovery Press, Vancouver 1969, 1970, 1973, p. 114 The city limits consist of the community, a number of civic parks, historical sites, an aquatic centre, a local arena, a public library (which is a branch of the Thompson-Nicola Regional District Library ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spaxomin
The Upper Nicola Band is a First Nations band government in the Canadian province of British Columbia, located near the town of Merritt in the Nicola Country at Douglas Lake. Known in the Okanagan language as the Spaxomin, they are a member of both the Okanagan Nation Alliance and the Scw’exmx Tribal Council, which is a joint government of Okanagan and Nlaka'pamux bands. Indian Reserves Indian Reserves under the administration of the band are: * Nicola Lake 1, 2,699,10 Acres * Hamilton Creek 2, 60 Acres * Douglas Lake 3, 23,047.50 Acres * Spahomin Creek 4, 32- Acres * Chapperon Lake 5, 725.00 Acres * Chapperon Creek 6, 15.1 Acres * Salmon Lake 7, 172.00 Acres * Spahomin Creek 8, 3,857.30 Acres * ''Hihium Lake 6'' (Shared between Upper Nicola, Lower Nicola Lower Nicola is a rural community in the Nicola Country region of the Southern Interior of British Columbia. It is located at the confluence of Guichon Creek and the Nicola River. The locality of Shulus is immediately ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nlaka'pamux
The Nlaka'pamux or Nlakapamuk ( ; ), also previously known as the ''Thompson'', ''Thompson River Salish'', ''Thompson Salish'', ''Thompson River Indians'' or ''Thompson River people'', and historically as the ''Klackarpun'', ''Haukamaugh'', ''Knife Indians'', and ''Couteau Indians'', are an Indigenous First Nations people of the Interior Salish language group in southern British Columbia. Their traditional territory includes parts of the North Cascades region of Washington. Other names Frontier-era histories and maps transliterate the name Nlaka'pamux as ''Hakamaugh'' or ''Klackarpun''; they were also known as the ''Kootomin'', or ''Couteau'' (Knife). or ''Knife Indians''. In the dialect of the Thompson language used by the Ashcroft Indian Band, the variant ''Nl'akapxm'' is used. The Nlaka'pamux of the Nicola Valley, who are all in the Nicola Tribal Association reserves refer to themselves as Scw'exmx and speak a different dialect of the Thompson language. Together ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Okanagan Mourning Dove")
.jpg "Click for more on -> Princeton, British Columbia")
