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New York State Route 434
New York State Route 434 (NY 434) is a state highway located in the Southern Tier of New York in the United States. The route extends for from an intersection with NY 96 in the village of Owego to an intersection with U.S. Route 11 (US 11) in the city of Binghamton. In between, NY 434 passes through the towns of Owego and Vestal. The portion of NY 434 from the Tioga– Broome county line to downtown Binghamton is known as the Vestal Parkway. NY 434 is the former route of NY 17 prior to the construction of the Southern Tier Expressway (STE), which NY 434 parallels. The portion of the expressway from Owego to Johnson City opened in 1969, at which time NY 17 was realigned to follow the STE from Owego to Vestal and NY 17's former routing between the two locations was redesignated as New York State Route 188. However, in October 1969, NY 188 was renumbered to NY 434 as the New York State Department of Tr ...
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New York State Department Of Transportation
The New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) is the department of the Government of New York (state), New York state government responsible for the development and operation of highways, Rail transport, railroads, mass transit systems, ports, waterways and aviation facilities in the U.S. state of New York (state), New York. This transportation network includes: * A state and local highway system, encompassing over 110,000 miles (177,000 km) of highway and 17,000 bridges. * A 5,000 mile (8,000 km) rail network, carrying over 42 million short tons (38 million metric tons) of equipment, raw materials, manufactured goods and produce each year. * Over 130 public transit operators, serving over 5.2 million passengers each day. * Twelve major public and private ports, handling more than 110 million short tons (100 million metric tons) of freight annually. * 456 public and private aviation facilities, through which more than 31 million people travel each year. It ow ...
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Housing Tract
Tract housing is a type of housing development in which multiple similar houses are built on a tract (area) of land that is subdivided into smaller lots. Tract housing developments are found in suburb developments that were modeled on the "Levittown" concept and sometimes encompass large areas of dozens of square miles. Design Tract housing came about in the 1940s when the demand for cheap housing skyrocketed. Economies of scale meant that large numbers of identical houses could be built faster and more cheaply to fulfill the growing demand. Developers would purchase a dozen or more adjacent lots and conduct the building construction as an assembly-line process. Tract housing development makes use of few architectural designs, and labor costs are reduced because workers need to learn the skills and movements of constructing only those designs rather than repeat the learning curve. In addition, as all houses in the development will be built at the same time, the cost of purchas ...
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Strip Mall
A strip mall, strip center or strip plaza is a type of shopping center common in North America where the stores are arranged in a row, with a sidewalk in front. Strip malls are typically developed as a unit and have large parking lots in front. Many of them face major traffic arterials and tend to be self-contained with few pedestrian connections to surrounding neighborhoods. Smaller strip malls may be called mini-malls, while larger ones may be called power centers or big box centers. In 2013, ''The New York Times'' reported that the United States had 65,840 strip malls. In 2020, ''The Wall Street Journal'' wrote that in the United States, despite the continuing retail apocalypse starting around 2010, investments and visitor numbers were increasing to strip malls. In the United Kingdom and Ireland, strip malls are called retail parks or retail outlets. They are usually located on the outskirts of most towns and cities, and serve as an alternative to the High Street in the ...
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Cloverleaf Interchange
A cloverleaf interchange is a two-level interchange in which all turns are handled by slip roads. To go left (in right-hand traffic; reverse directions in left-driving regions), vehicles first continue as one road passes over or under the other, then exit right onto a one-way three-fourths loop ramp (270°) and merge onto the intersecting road. The objective of a cloverleaf is to allow two highways to cross without the need for any traffic to be stopped by traffic lights. The limiting factor in the capacity of a cloverleaf interchange is traffic weaving. Overview Cloverleaf interchanges, viewed from overhead or on maps, resemble the leaves of a four-leaf clover or less often a 3-leaf clover. In the United States, cloverleaf interchanges existed long before the Interstate system. They were originally created for busier interchanges that the original diamond interchange system could not handle. Their chief advantage was that they were free-flowing and did not requir ...
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Partial Cloverleaf Interchange
A partial cloverleaf interchange or parclo is a modification of a cloverleaf interchange. The design has been well received, and has since become one of the most popular freeway-to- arterial interchange designs in North America. It has also been used occasionally in some European countries, such as Germany, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. Comparison with other interchanges *A diamond interchange has four ramps. *A cloverleaf interchange has eight ramps, as does a stack interchange. They are fully grade separated, unlike a parclo, and have traffic flow without stops on all ramps and throughways. *A parclo generally has either four or six ramps but less commonly has five ramps. Naming In Ontario, the specific variation is identified by a letter/number suffix after the name. Ontario's naming conventions are used in this article. The letter ''A'' designates that two ramps meet the freeway ''ahead'' of the arterial road, while ''B'' designates that two ram ...
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New York State Route 26
New York State Route 26 (NY 26) is a north–south state highway that runs for through Central New York in the United States. Its southern terminus is located at the Pennsylvania state line south of the town of Vestal in Broome County, where it becomes Pennsylvania Route 267 (PA 267). Its northern terminus is located at a junction with NY 12 in the village of Alexandria Bay in Jefferson County. NY 26 serves three cities along its routing; one directly (Rome) and two via other roadways (Binghamton via Interstate 86 (I-86) and NY 17, and Watertown via NY 3). NY 26 also intersects several other primary routes including I-81 in Barker, an overlap with U.S. Route 20 (US 20) in Madison, NY 12 in Lowville, and an overlap with US 11 in the Jefferson County town of Philadelphia. NY 26, as a single route, was established in the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York; however, portions of the route ...
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Binghamton (city), New York
Binghamton () is a city in the U.S. state of New York, and serves as the county seat of Broome County. Surrounded by rolling hills, it lies in the state's Southern Tier region near the Pennsylvania border, in a bowl-shaped valley at the confluence of the Susquehanna and Chenango Rivers. Binghamton is the principal city and cultural center of the Binghamton metropolitan area (also known as Greater Binghamton, or historically the Triple Cities, including Endicott and Johnson City), home to a quarter million people. The city's population, according to the 2020 census, is 47,969. From the days of the railroad, Binghamton was a transportation crossroads and a manufacturing center, and has been known at different times for the production of cigars, shoes, and computers. IBM was founded nearby, and the flight simulator was invented in the city, leading to a notable concentration of electronics- and defense-oriented firms. This sustained economic prosperity earned Binghamton the mon ...
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Divided Highway
A dual carriageway ( BE) or divided highway ( AE) is a class of highway with carriageways for traffic travelling in opposite directions separated by a central reservation (BrE) or median (AmE). Roads with two or more carriageways which are designed to higher standards with controlled access are generally classed as motorways, freeways, etc., rather than dual carriageways. A road without a central reservation is a single carriageway regardless of the number of lanes. Dual carriageways have improved road traffic safety over single carriageways and typically have higher speed limits as a result. In some places, express lanes and local/collector lanes are used within a local-express-lane system to provide more capacity and to smooth traffic flows for longer-distance travel. History A very early (perhaps the first) example of a dual carriageway was the '' Via Portuensis'', built in the first century by the Roman emperor Claudius between Rome and its port Ostia at the mouth o ...
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New York State Route 17C
New York State Route 17C (NY 17C) is a state highway in the Southern Tier of New York in the United States. Its western terminus is at an intersection with NY 34 in Waverly, Tioga County while its eastern terminus is at an intersection with U.S. Route 11 (US 11) in Binghamton, Broome County. The route runs concurrently with NY 96 for a block in Owego and for a few blocks with NY 26 in Endicott. The stretch between Waverly and Owego is the former NY 17, as it was routed prior to the opening of the Southern Tier Expressway. The stretch from NY 96 to Binghamton is the original routing of NY 17C and serves as an alternate route between Owego and the Triple Cities. Through all three of the Triple Cities (Endicott, Johnson City, and Binghamton), NY 17C is named Main Street. Route description Tioga County Waverly to Tioga Center NY 17C begins at an intersection with NY 34 (Cayuta Avenue) in the village of Waverly. N ...
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Reference Route (New York)
A reference route is an unsigned highway assigned by the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) to roads that possess a signed name (mainly parkways), that NYSDOT has determined are too minor to have a signed touring route number, or are former touring routes that are still state-maintained. The majority of reference routes are owned by the state of New York and maintained by NYSDOT; however, some exceptions exist. The reference route designations are normally posted on reference markers, small green signs located every tenth-mile on the side of the road, though a few exceptions exist to this practice as well. Reference route numbers are always three digit numbers in the 900s with a single alphabetic suffix. The designations are largely assigned in numerical and alphabetical order within a region, and designations are not reused once they are removed. Certain letters are avoided, such as "I" (used to indicate Interstate Highways and potential confusion with the nu ...
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New York State Route 962J
New York State Route 962J (NY 962J) is a southwest-northeast reference route that, unlike most reference routes, has been signed as a touring route in Southern Tier town of Owego in Tioga County, New York. Its southwestern terminus is at NY 434 in the census-designated place of Apalachin and its northeastern terminus is at NY 17C south of the hamlet of Campville. Route description Shortly after NY 962J begins at NY 434, it passes over NY 17 (Future I-86) (the Southern Tier Expressway) and intersects the new ramps that lead to and from NY 17 westbound. This portion was previously part of the trumpet-style interchange that NY 17 westbound had with NY 434 at exit 66. NY 962J continues to the northeast crossing over the Susquehanna River. On the other bank of the river, the highway passes over the Norfolk Southern-owned Southern Tier Line before reaching its northeastern terminus at NY 17C. History The bridge ove ...
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