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New South Wales Shale And Oil Company
The New South Wales Shale and Oil Company — established in 1872, by the merging of two earlier ventures — mined and processed oil shale to produce kerosene, paraffin wax and candles, and other petroleum products, in New South Wales Australia. It is particularly associated with the sites of its former works, at Hartley Vale and Torbane. Its assets were bought by Commonwealth Oil Corporation in 1906. Origins The company was formed by the merger of two earlier companies, the Hartley Kerosene Oil and Paraffine Company and the Western Kerosene Oil Company. Both these companies had operations at Hartley Vale, both mining the same shale seam, and the Western Kerosene Oil Company also had a retorting and refining works, at Waterloo, in Sydney. The first operations at Harley Vale had been those of the Hartley Kerosene Oil and Paraffine Company. In 1865, it established a shale mine with adjacent retorts in an area of the valley that it called 'Petrolea Vale'. The 'Petrolea Val ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oil Shale
Oil shale is an organic-rich fine-grained sedimentary rock containing kerogen (a solid mixture of organic chemical compounds) from which liquid hydrocarbons can be produced. In addition to kerogen, general composition of oil shales constitutes inorganic substance and bitumens. Based on their deposition environment, oil shales are classified as marine, lacustrine and terrestrial oil shales. Oil shales differ from oil-''bearing'' shales, shale deposits that contain petroleum (tight oil) that is sometimes produced from drilled wells. Examples of oil-''bearing'' shales are the Bakken Formation, Pierre Shale, Niobrara Formation, and Eagle Ford Formation. Accordingly, shale oil produced from oil shale should not be confused with tight oil, which is also frequently called shale oil. Deposits of oil shale occur around the world, including major deposits in the United States. A 2016 estimate of global deposits set the total world resources of oil shale equivalent of of oil in place. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Manufactured Fuel Gases
The history of gaseous fuel, important for lighting, heating, and cooking purposes throughout most of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, began with the development of analytical chemistry, analytical and pneumatic chemistry in the 18th century. The manufacturing process for "synthetic fuel gases" (also known as "manufactured fuel gas", "manufactured gas" or simply "gas") typically consisted of the gasification of combustible materials, usually coal, but also wood and oil. The coal was gasified by heating the coal in enclosed ovens with an oxygen-poor atmosphere. The fuel gases generated were mixtures of many chemical substances, including hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide and ethylene, and could be burnt for heating and lighting purposes. Coal gas, for example, also contains significant quantities of unwanted sulfur and ammonia compounds, as well as heavy hydrocarbons, and so the manufactured fuel gases needed to be purified before they could be used. The fir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ultimo, New South Wales
Ultimo is an inner-city suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Ultimo is adjacent to the Sydney central business district in the Local government in Australia, local government area of the City of Sydney west of the Darling Harbour area, and is bordered by Pyrmont to the North, the Sydney CBD and Chinatown/Haymarket to the East, Broadway and Chippendale to the South, and Glebe and Wentworth Park to the West. Broadway, New South Wales, Broadway is a locality around the road of the same name, which is located on the borders of Ultimo, Chippendale, New South Wales, Chippendale and Glebe, New South Wales, Glebe. History "Ultimo" was originally the name of the estate of John Harris, (Australian settler), Dr John Harris, on granted to him by Philip Gidley King, Governor King in 1803, for his military service and for aiding the governor in curtailing the illegal trading of rum by a corrupt group in the NSW Corps (the Rum Corps). It was named for a clerical error in a legal cas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Darling Harbour Goods Line
The Sydney Freight Network is a network of dedicated railway lines for freight in Sydney, Australia, linking the state's rural and interstate rail network with the city's main yard at Enfield and Port Botany. Its primary components are the Southern Sydney Freight Line (SSFL) and a line from Sefton to Enfield and Port Botany. The Network has been managed by the Australian Rail Track Corporation (ARTC) since 2012. Prior to the completion of the SSFL, it was managed by RailCorp as the Metropolitan Freight Network. Route One arm of the network starts behind the Flemington Maintenance Depot while another starts at Sefton with both merging at Enfield. Services from the state's north and west approach via the former and from the south via the latter. From Enfield, the line heads south to Campsie where it turns east and runs parallel to the Bankstown passenger line as far as Marrickville. From here, a connection to the Illawarra line provides a link to a sea terminal at Port Kem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Muswellbrook Chronicle
''The Muswellbrook Chronicle and Upper Hunter advertiser'' is a newspaper published in Muswellbrook, New South Wales, Australia since 1872. It has also been published as ''Muswellbrook chronicle'', ''Muswellbrook & Denman, Upper Hunter regional show'', and ''Hunter unlimited''. History ''The Muswellbrook Chronicle'' can trace its origin back to 1868 when it was called ''The Muswellbrook Monitor'', this was then followed by the ''Courier'', published from 1872 to 1876 and continued by the ''Upper Hunter Standard'' from 1876 to 1888. This subsequently gave way to the ''Muswellbrook Chronicle'', which was established in August 1888 by Pierce Healy. Digitisation The paper has been digitised as part of the Australian Newspapers Digitisation Program project of the National Library of Australia. See also * List of newspapers in Australia * List of newspapers in New South Wales This is a list of newspapers in New South Wales in Australia. List of newspapers in New South Wales (A) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fractional Distillation
Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions. Chemical compounds are separated by heating them to a temperature at which one or more fractions of the mixture will vaporize. It uses distillation to fractionate. Generally the component parts have boiling points that differ by less than 25 °C (45 °F) from each other under a pressure of one atmosphere. If the difference in boiling points is greater than 25 °C, a simple distillation is typically used. It is used to refine crude oil. Laboratory setup Fractional distillation in a laboratory makes use of common laboratory glassware and apparatuses, typically including a Bunsen burner, a round-bottomed flask and a condenser, as well as the single-purpose fractionating column. As an example, consider the distillation of a mixture of water and ethanol. Ethanol boils at while water boils at . So, by heating the mixture, the most volatile component (ethanol) will concen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Gas Light Company
The Australian Gas Light Company (AGL) was an Australian gas and electricity retailer, operated entirely by McCarthy Hanlin. It was formed in Sydney in 1837 and supplied town gas for the first public lighting of a street lamp in Sydney in 1841. AGL was the second company to list on the Australian Stock Exchange, Sydney Stock Exchange. The company gradually diversified into electricity and into a number of different locations. After a combination of a merger and demerger with Alinta in 2006, it was replaced by AGL Energy. History In 1837, AGL was given a royal charter charged with the responsibility of lighting Sydney's streets. The lights were lit on 24 May 1841 to celebrate the birthday of Queen Victoria. Town gas was first stored in holder tanks hewn out of solid sandstone at Darling Harbour. Later, a Coastal coal-carrying trade of New South Wales#Australian Gas Light Company, large gas works at Mortlake, New South Wales, Mortlake supplied gas which was used over an area of 600 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The National Advocate
''The National Advocate'' was a daily newspaper published in Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia, between 1889 and 1963. Newspaper history The newspaper was established on 28 September 1889, co-founded by Australian businessman James Rutherford as a vehicle to put forward a protectionist viewpoint. The newspaper's board of directors included Francis Halliday who was at that time was president of the Bathurst National Protection League. The ''National Advocate'' had a reputation as the local mouthpiece of the Australian Labor Party, in contrast to the conservative-leaning '' Bathurst Times''. For many years its manager was John Percival, a Labor member of the New South Wales Legislative Council. Percival was forced to resign in 1923 after being caught misusing company money. In 1920, federal Nationalist MP Archdale Parkhill brought a libel suit against the ''National Advocate''. He was awarded significant damages, which combined with legal fees cost the paper almost £7,000 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Katoomba Times
''The Katoomba Times'' was established by George W. Spring in early 1889. History In early 1889, the year Katoomba became a municipality, Spring established ''The Katoomba Times'' which ran under his sole proprietorship until September 1890 when George P. C. Spring (Jun.) and John Albert Southwood took over. Under a revamped banner the paper continued publication until 1894 when Spring and Southwood moved to South Australia. In October 1890 the paper relocated from its original office in Main Street “to more central premises, near The Carrington, and opposite the railway station”. It circulated between Hartley and Springwood. Digitisation ''The Katoomba Times'' has been digitised as part of the Australian Newspapers Digitisation Program project of the National Library of Australia The National Library of Australia (NLA), formerly the Commonwealth National Library and Commonwealth Parliament Library, is the largest reference library in Australia, responsible under the t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Hoskins
Charles Henry Hoskins (1851-1926) was an Australian industrialist, who was significant in the development of the iron and steel industry in Australia. Early life Charles Hoskins was born on 26 March 1851 in the City of London, to John Hoskins, gunsmith, and his wife Wilmot Eliza, née Thompson. He emigrated with his family to Melbourne as a small child in 1853, and all his education occurred in Melbourne. After his father's death, the family moved to Smythesdale, near Ballarat. Hoskins began work as a mail boy, tried his luck on the goldfields, and worked as an assistant in an ironmongery store in Bendigo. Sydney Charles Hoskins joined his elder brother George (1847-1926) in Sydney in 1876, operating a small engineering workshop at Hay Street, Ultimo. Around 1889, their firm, G & C Hoskins, moved to larger premises in Wattle Street, Ultimo and established a foundry, pipe-works and boiler shop. This plant was expanded in 1902. It was pipe manufacturing that would lead to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mort's Dock & Engineering Co
Mort's Dock is a former dry dock, slipway, and shipyard in Balmain, New South Wales, Australia. It was the first dry dock in Australia, opening for business in 1855 and closing more than a century later in 1959. The site is now parkland. History Mort Bay, J. S. Mort and his partners Mort Bay was originally known as Waterview Bay, and at the corner of the bay was the mouth of a small stream which ran down from Balmain Hill through the valley of Strathean. On its way to the harbour, the stream collected in small waterholes known as the "Curtis Waterholes" after the then landowner James Curtis. In 1842 James Reynolds purchased from Curtis an area of land bounded by what is now Curtis Road down to the water front between Mort and Church Streets, dammed the stream, built a stone house called "Strathean Cottage" and sold fresh water to the ships anchored in the deep calm waters of the Bay.EP NSW 2004: 12 The land was then sold to Captain Thomas Rowntree in 1853, who recognised th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Kembla
Mount Kembla is a suburb and a mountain in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia. The suburb, a semi-rural township of Wollongong, gets its name from the mountain, located on the Illawarra escarpment, is derived from an Aboriginal word, ''kembla'', meaning "plenty of game". The satellite localities of Kembla Heights, Windy Gully, Cordeaux Valley and Kembla Village are comprised within the suburb of Mount Kembla that at the had a population of 1,068. The summit of Mount Kembla has an elevation of above sea level. The area surrounding Mount Kembla is a coal mining area, notable for the Mount Kembla Mine disaster of 1902 in which 96 people lost their lives. Mount Kembla suburb The suburb of Mount Kembla and its associated "main" village includes a local primary school, church and graveyard, several hundred houses and the Mount Kembla Hotel, which was built in 1896. The general store/post office closed in 2010, making it the first time in 145 years the village ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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